Mugwenga driest munyika: pikicha uye tsananguro

In Chile ndiyo driest nzvimbo panyika, uye chinoshamisa ndechokuti upenyu hwaponeswa ikoko. For mana emakore mumupata uyu harwuwire kunyange donhwe kupa upenyu-mvura, mwando, uye naizvozvo yakasiyana nzvimbo razero muzana.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Kaganhurana Peru ndiye mugwenga driest munyika iri kumadokero yeSouth America. Kana vokuSpain vakatora nhaka Chilean nyika, ndichitarisira kuwana chinhu chinokosha deposits. Zvisinei, munyika yakakura mune chimwe namakumi mashanu zviuru mativi makiromita upi chicherwa deposits yawanikwa anopfuura mazana matatu.

Awana rusununguko kubva Spanish vakundi munyika murenje vakatanga vanoti Bolivia uye Peru, uye kamwe huri XIX remakore nitrate yangu, kurwisana nezvombo yakatanga, izvo zvakazoita kuti War of Pacific.

weNobel laurels vakaenda Chile, uye vakawanda vakatanga kukura vari Atacama miners 'ugari. Zvinosuruvarisa, pashure veMubatanidzwa chakaita zvokugadzirwa nitrate remigodhi saltpeter kwave airarama chinhu, uye nhasi nzvimbo iyi zvinopfuura 150 vakasiya misha, vanhu veko anonzi "zvipoko."

Nenzira, mugwenga driest munyika - iyi ndiyo chete nzvimbo panyika apo zvicherwa residues dzichiri akachengetedzwa nemhaka yokukosha ezvinhu, nokuti kwose kwose panguva kamwe nitrate urwa mumvura.

gwenga Climate

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti mwoyo kukuru California, yainzi Mupata Death, runoonekwa kuti Hottest nzvimbo yose, asi hazvisi. The National Park of America dziri kakawanda refu kunonaya, zvichitungamirira mafashamo uye kuchinja mamiriro enzvimbo. Uye nharaunda yose Atacama riverbeds kwemakore 120 chemakore zvaoma uye mvura anouya kamwe akawanda emakore. Saka, zvose mibvunzo pamusoro izvo driest mugwenga munyika, masayendisiti oga mhosva.

In dzisinganayi nzvimbo havana chaiwo uchimhanya kupisa. Avhareji tembiricha nezuva anobva razero kusvika 25 inegumi. Zvakawanda ndima hakuna mazizaya makomo, yokusvika nekukwirira vanenge zviuru zvinomwe mamita.

Biota

Pasinei asi hasha ezvinhu, murombo zvinomera ine lichens mapani, minzwa nemiti uye mukonde duku, ine zvinopfuura 160 marudzi. Mukuwedzera, vanouya mhiri mashoma nomuti oases.

Asi mhuka zvinonyanya shomanana: asi Nzvimbo iri hunodzorwa nyoka nezvipembenene vari rokuponesa mwando kubva bvungapfunga. Mvura mhute iri yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa unopinza kutonhora uye zvinogara maduku muzvitsuwa zvinomera pakati nomugwenga yakatsva.

Uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo haawaniki kunyange nezvinyavada mujecha inopisa iri zvachose hapana chero upenyu.

"Rain Shadow"

Masayendisiti akawana sei mugwenga driest munyika akadaro. Chikonzero chinoita ichi chinoshamisa, unonzi "mvura mumvuri". High eAndes kuva simba chipingamupinyi ratinoona dzinopisa uremu akatakura precipitates kuSouth America. Saka, muchiridza mhepo yeko harina mwando pasinei napedyo penyanza.

Mano rokuchera mwando

Vose mwando mugwenga anouya gobvu bvungapfunga, uye ndicho chinhu bedzi anogona kuverenga vagari vayo. The veko havana akaderedzwa kuunganidza mvura uchishandisa runonyengera yechigarire iri kukura kwevanhu yakakwirira.

Unique "demister" - michina iyi ari cylindrical chimiro, masvingo akagadzirwa kubva zvinhu zvenaironi filaments. Navo potable mwando runoyerera kupinda tangi, nokudaro kubvumira kuunganidza kusvika 20 litres mvura.

Vagari murenje

Zvingaita sezvinoshamisa, asi renje driest munyika, asi Atacama rava nzvimbo vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni imwe kurarama, uyo vakagara kumahombekombe mumaguta-oases ose. Kuchamhembe, varimi vanokura madomasi uye wemagaka, kushandisa kudiridza inodonha kudiridza enyika. Uye ari mumhenderekedzo yegungwa bandi dzakawanda nyanzvi chawo.

Pokutangira vanoda kuongorora renje rikaita taundi duku San Pedro de Atacama, yakavambwa panguva Spanish kukunda. Iri mumwoyo dzisinganayi nharaunda taundi duku rine vanhu hapana vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zvishanu ndiyo yakakurumbira.

Moon mupata

Kumabvazuva, kuti Atacama zvinoshamisa vashanyire kukwezvwa, riri inozivikanwa kure miganhu Chile. Valle the Luna - nzvimbo kujairika ari panyika, iyo patakafanana making nharaunda. Valley pamwe nemamwe idzodzo jecha, munyu uye matombo noshamisa zvitarisiko kupatsanurwa nenguva uye hunhu, anotarisa tarenda usiku apo mimvuri kuwira pazvikomo vanodzosera mupata kupinda rakavanzika nzvimbo.

Hunoshamisa nharaunda, apo vashanyi anogona kuona kupfuura noshamisa mifananidzo kuchengetwa kwenguva refu. Mumwe anogona gakava kana zvakafanana mhando dombo idzodzo pamusoro making craters. Vafambi zvave ikoko chiwanzo chokudavira kuti zvinenge nzira kukwezva vashanyi, asi zvisinei zvose vapemberere munhu nakisisa mufananidzo, usina vakaenzana zvinovaraidza.

Plain, pamusoro Legends

Murima, ari moonlight, zviri pachena kuoneka rima nemifananidzo, vanhu veko kudana anochengetedza mumapani. Ancient Indian ngano nezvoUmambo mweya mashameni, uyo akasiya muviri uye apinda astral ndege, uye ibwe aidzivirira Moon Valley akashumira kuti uvatungamirire. Pano mifananidzo yakawanda Sci-Fi mafirimu, uye vagari vemo anotenda kuti zviuru zvemakore zvakapfuura, paigara vatorwa chaidzo.

Moon Valley kwemakore anopfuura 10, kushandiswa American sangano NASA sechinhu Yokuedzera kuti "ramakororo" dzavo uye muchadenga kunoongorora kuti womudenga kumhara vakadzidziswa pano.

Sculpture mujecha

Mugwenga driest munyika rinozivikanwa inotyisa uye inonakidza zvivezwa muchimiro yevanhu ruoko hombe yakabudikira kubva jecha. The munyori akaedza kutaura sezvo usingabatsiri kwevanhu uye munjodzi kuna zvakasikwa.

Ratyama vakokwa konzera vanodhirowa paruoko, uye uri zvinhu kazhinji vanoda kugara okuchenesa.

Mugwenga driest munyika kaiva

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvomusango ndiwo vanonzi izvozvo "maruva". Izvi zvinoitika mumazuva iwayo, apo akanga akamirirwa kwenguva refu mvura akadururira mujecha rakaoma. The ndechokuti mbeu zhinji vangava mumvura vakamirira kwemakore akawanda, uye upenyu pavo inoda vanenge 15 millimeters mvura pagore.

Muna 2015, iye maruva vaaleanpunainen makapeti driest mugwenga munyika. Pane kumbobvira yakanga isinganayi mvura yokupedzisira amakore, uye madzvotsvotsvo kunge vanopeputswa kuupenyu mallow, ruva rinobwinya ruvara.

Zvemamiriro Fani ane kushamiswa masayendisiti chokuti munhoroondo zvaanorumbidza ose Atacama haana akafukidza miti yomusango kaviri pagore. Zvazova Chiitiko kuti anenge mwoyo zviuru zvevashanyi mudunhu. Zviremera Local akashuma kuti kujairika maruva kwakabatsira kutsivira zvikuru bhajeti iri nharaunda.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

• Atacama - mugwenga dangwe panyika. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti zera wayo kwazvo makore mamiriyoni maviri.
• 2010 aizivikanwa chiitiko incredible munhau yacho. Muna May, izvozvo akadonha guru yakawanda chando, uye nokuda dzakakwirira snowdrifts pakukurukurirana uye mugwagwa Links yatyorwa. Mukuwedzera, takava refu rokudzorera maguta simba zvitengeswa.
• Zvinozivikanwa kuti yakaoma okunze ndiko kunaka anoponesa chero zvinenge. Kufa, havaiti anoora, asi chete nokuomesa. Nokuda pfuma iyi matongo rwendo yakawanikwa nacho murenje mummies maIndia vaigara munharaunda vanopfuura zviuru mapfumbamwe apfuura.
• Mugwenga driest munyika anotora kwete vafambi chete, asiwo mafeni mitambo yokunyanyisa. Fans yakatanga imwe manyorero idzva iri mutambo wainzi "sandboarding" chaizvoizvo rwaigara kwenzvimbo, kutsvedza kunyatsonzwisisa mapuranga nejecha Dunes.
• Tichishandisa vachangobva vawana deposits emhangura, uye vari kushanda kwayo kugadzirwa mutaundi Chuquicamata yangu.

Mugwenga driest munyika, ane mapikicha shongedza mabhurocha kupa inonakidza achienda Chile rwendo makambani, ndiko kutanga chaiyo. Vakafa, Pakutanga, nzvimbo akabata zvishamiso zvizhinji, achiratidza kuti kunyange munzvimbo iyi yakunda upenyu.