Munyori French Anri Barbyus: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Mumwe yakakurumbira French nevanyori pakutanga XX remakore - Anri Barbyus. mabhuku Best kumukudza somunhu Anti-hondo posita, pacifist anokumhan'arira chisimba chero chimiro. Akava mumwe wokutanga kupfuura sezvazviri uye zvoga akatsanangura zvinotyisa World War First.

kutanga matanho

Anri Barbyus akaberekwa muna 1873 kuchamhembe-vokumadokero dzakapoteredza Paris, taundi duku riri Asnieres-sur-Seine, pashure pokuchinja, rwakazokura dzakakurumbira kwazvo Russian vatama.

Akaberekerwa mumhuri dzakawanda French uye Chirungu. baba vake aiva munyori zvakare, hazvishamisi kuti mwanakomana wake wakapinda uye zvinobudirira kudzidza rorusununguko Literature panguva Sorbonne. Barbyusa rokutanga Matanho mumabhuku waiva muunganidzwa nhetembo, "The Wailers", rakabudiswa muna 1895. Sezvinongoita makore mashoma gare gare akanyorwa Science "Hero" uye "tichikumbira" chigadzirwa akandipa kusava netariro. In ichi dzakakurumbira chaizvo havana kushandisa.

pamberi,

Muna 1914, Anri Barbyusa upenyu hwachinja. Akazvipira kuenda mberi kundorwa Germany. Muna 1915, akakuvadzwa uye kuchengeterwa nezvikonzero zvoutano. Kuita vaimbopota akanga paakavapa ari Military Cross, asi chinhu chikuru kuti akauya kubva mberi - zviri pachake manzwiro uye zvakaitika akaumba hwaro ake "moto" zvikuru makumbo bhuku.

The chinangwa basa iri akazviratidza mberi, ari pakati kurwa. Nezvake Barbusse anoti mutsamba dzake wake. Vhura pfungwa kupinda tsika yakatanga muchipatara pakupera 1915. Bhuku nokukurumidza chapera muna August rechi16 vakatotanga kuti yakabudiswa mupepanhau "okugadzira zvinhu." A yoga shanduro basa rakabudiswa muna mid-December gore iroro riri kuzivisa imba "Flammarion". Zvakange wo kupiwa mubayiro of Prix Goncourt Henri Barbusse - zvikuru nomukurumbira French mabhuku mubayiro.

"Moto" - huru Roman Barbyusa

In chitsauko itsva chigadzirwa wokutanga rinofananidzwa ne "Comedy Divine" by Dante, aunopiwa bhuku Huchidetemba hunhu. Magamba "Moto," sokunge nomudungwe kubva kudenga wokupedzisira denderedzwa eGehena. Muchiitiko chino, zvinyorwa zvechitendero kunyangarika, uye imperialist hondo rinowanika kwakaipa kupfuura tarenda zvigadzirwa chero munyori. Bhuku "The Last wechokwadi wayo utsinye", nemhaka yokufungidzira Barbusse ari okutanga yokutanga Russian pakadhindwa Bamba Gorky akanyora.

Muchidimbu njere vatambi kare kuoneka mu "Vision" chitsauko chokutanga chaizvo. It inotiudza ive "paradhiso" yepasi mumakomo Swiss. Hapana hondo, asi vaya vanogara vanhu mairi, vamiririri siyana marudzi kunzwisisa Kusabatsira uye kutya hondo.

Chete mhedziso kuuya uye vanonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro yokufungidzira - masoja. Muchitsauko chokupedzisira, "Dawn" Ivo muhope. Biography Barbyusa Anri ari kunyatsotevera akarondedzera zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa yokufungidzira. shoko Ainyanya - zvisingadzivisiki pakasvika vakawanda kuti echimurenga pfungwa. The tiwedzere ichi ndicho chikamu kusvika zvose nyika dzokuEurope dziri imperialist hondo.

The nganonyorwa zvakanyorwa muchimiro "Diary ane platoon." Izvi zvinoita munyori kuti nyaya sezvo sezvazviri sezvinobvira, vachitevera vatambi, muverengi ipapo moto pamberi mutsetse, dzokumaruwa, iri kurwiwa, kana platoon anoenderera mberi kurwisa.

Barbus uye October Revolution

October Revolution muRussia Anri Barbyus akatora kuva chiitiko chinokosha munhoroondo yenyika, kutsigira izvozvo. In zvaanofunga, zvingava kubvumira zvose European marudzi vasunungurwe joko capitalism.

Munzira dzakawanda, pfungwa idzi dzakanga mumatauriro yokufungidzira "Zvakajeka" muna 1919. Zvarakafuridzirwa mugovanisi yechimurenga Russia, nhengo French Communist Party anova Anri Barbyus. Quotes of munyori, vakazvipira nezvakaitika makore iwayo, vanoti kuti "nyika - zviri mupfungwa, kunobva basa." Saka, chaizvoizvo iyo munyori aidavira kuti kushanda nesimba kuti abatsire vanhu, vanhu vanogona kuzadzisa mufaro chero nyika.

Sezvo Anri Barbyus akatungamirira chinoshingaira munzanga uye enyika upenyu. Zvikurukuru, muna 1924, akataura kuzorwa udzvanyiriri vatungamiri Tatarbunar kumukira muRomania. Zvino vakatanga ane zvombo murimi mudiki kumukira mu South Bassarabii kurwisa hurumende, vachitsigirwa ne Bolshevik Party.

kutsoropodzwa capitalism

Books kubudikidza Barbyusa Anri, mazita iyo mukwanisi kuti yokufungidzira "Chiedza rakadzikadzika", "Manifesto pamusoro vakadzidza", rakabudiswa muna France muna 20s, yakatsaurirwa kuna kutsoropodza pakati capitalism. Munyori haana kuziva Bourgeois budiriro, kuomerera chete nezvokuti mukufamba mugovanisi kuvakwa munyika zvinobvira kuvaka yakaenzanirana uye akarurama vanhu. Somuenzaniso Barbusse akatora yezvakaitika muSoviet Union, kunyanya zviito zvinofanira Iosifom Stalinym. Muna 1930 iye vakatosiya rondedzero yake "Russian", uye pashure 5 years, pashure porufu rwake, basa "Stalin." Mumabasa aya, chete pfungwa idzi dzakanga uhwu. Zvisinei, mubhuku gutsaruzhinji yokumusha vakanga pasina kurambidzwa, sezvo vatambi vakawanda vari akataura kwavari kuti nguva yakanga vaidzvinyirirwa.

"Stalin - the Lenin nhasi" - imwe aphorism kuti rakanyorwa Barbusse.

Barbus muna USSR

The Soviet Union Barbusse akashanyira 4 nguva, nguva yokutanga muna 1927. September 20 mberi munyori French kwakaitwa Hall of Columns muMoscow, pamwe nomushumo "White Kutya ngozi hondo." Mugore iroro akaita rwendo yose kuvaka mugovanisi mamiriro, akashanyira Kharkov, Tbilisi, Batumi, Rostov-on-Don uye Baku.

Muna 1932, Barbusse kuuya Soviet Union kare somumwe varongi dzemarudzi Anti-hondo Congress, yakaitirwa August muAmsterdam. Pairi, akanunura kutaura yake yakakurumbira "Ini mhosva".

Ake kushanya rakatevera rakaenderana nesananguro ane honorary nhengo USSR Academy of Sciences. Pashure kuti agamuchirwa uye atanga basa iri bhuku pamusoro Stalin. Muna July 1935, Barbusse pakupedzisira akashanyira Moscow, nokushingaira aishanda mubhuku, akadzidza magwaro, kusangana neshamwari uye shamwari Lenin. Zvisinei, kupedza basa uye vakakundikana.

Barbus varwara nemabayo uye akafa muMoscow musi August 30, 1935. Pashure 3 Mazuva, muviri yakaitwa muFrance panguva Belarus kuchiteshi, musangano kunosuwisa.

Munyori akavigwa Paris wakakurumbira Pere Lachaise kumakuva musi 7 September. Chisarai Barbousse ikava enyika kuratidzwa weUnited Popular Front.