Mwanasikana Stalin vake - Svetlana Alliluyeva. Biography uye Photos

mwanasikana Stalin zvaJehovha Svetlana Alliluyeva aiva kufarira kwababa vake sezvisingabviri. Zvaizoratidza sokuti musikana akaberekwa mumhuri yevanhu, musoro nyika hombe, zvinofanira kwakajeka zvichaguma. Asi chokwadi zvikazooneka zvakasiyana. mwanasikana Stalin upenyu hwakanga hwakaita chinoramba kutsika, aiva nechokuita zvaitika wevana nechinzvimbo chepamusoro enyika Soviet Union.

pakuberekwa

Svetlana akaberekwa Leningrad pazuva rokupedzisira yechando 1926. Akanga mwana wechipiri muchato Iosifa Stalina uye Nadezhda Alliluyeva. Kunze kuti "mutungamiriri nguva dzose uye marudzi" uye wake akakura mwanakomana Basil. Uyewo, musikana aiva munin'ina waJakobho, uyo baba akabereka mudzimai wake wokutanga, Ekaterina Svanidze (akafa vakatapwa German muhondo).

Alliluyeva upenyu pashure naamai vake kuzviuraya

Zvakawanda izvo vamwe vanogona chete vanorota yokukwegura mwanasikana Stalina Svetlana. Biography wake mudiki akanga pakukurirwa okutanga rufu mai vake, vakazviuraya apo akanga 6 wemakore. By Svetlana kuvanza mhosva rufu mai vangu vechokwadi, achimuudza kuti iye akafa patafura anodawo panguva kurwisa rikwanise appendicitis. Asi, sezvo iye akazotaura nezvenguva Alliluyeva, mai vake Aisagona kumira kunyadziswa uye kutukwa kubva kumurume wake mukuru. Pashure wake kuzviuraya Svetlana uye Vasily chaizvoizvo nherera, nekuti Stalin akanga akabatikana vane mabasa ehurumende uye nguva urere mwana iye asina.

Light vakakura vakapoteredzwa mukoti vazhinji uye governess. Classes akadzinga mutyairi wake pachake. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa akadzidza kuchikoro, aiziva Chirungu. Kwaitika hondo hanzvadzi yake Vasily akanga akatizira Kuibyshev. upenyu vomusikana akanga hakunakidzi. Iye airambidzwa kufamba, kuti vave shamwari munharaunda vana kutaura vavasingazivi. The chete varaidzo kuti Svetlana aiva firimu kuti akanga kutsvaka musha kufirimu purojekita.

rudo rokutanga

Basil, kusiyana munun'una wake, haana kurasikirwa. The baba aiva pamba, uye jaya, kushandisa asipo, kazhinji akaronga ruzha bato. Pakati pehama aiziva zvaigoneka kusangana yaizivikanwa panguva iyoyo vatambi, vaimbi uye vatambi. Mune rimwe mapato aya Svetlana-makore 16 akasangana-makore 39 munyori uye mutambi Alekseem Kaplerom. Maari uye kudanana mwanasikana Stalin vake. Biography womukadzi acharamba dazzle ari enganonyorwa, asi rudo rwake wokutanga akura iye haazombokanganwi. Solid zera musiyano haana hanya chero musikana kana wake musanangurwa. Alex waiona akanaka uye vakanakidzwa akabudirira nevakadzi. Pakazosvika nguva rudo Svetlana akanga kaviri vakarambana. Ake chigumbu vakadzi vaiva nomukurumbira mutambi Soviet.

Young Light Kapler akarova ake erudition uye vakuru zvichiratidza upenyu. Aiva murume akura uye aiziva kuti aidanana mwanasikana "mutungamiriri marudzi" anogona kugumisa misodzi kwaari, asi kugona kuita chinhu nemanzwiro avo. Kunyange zvazvo chiedza anogara tagged pamwe wevarindi, iye akakwanisa kutiza ake Vachitsvaka uye vachidzungaira naye anoda kuburikidza wakanyarara mumigwagwa, kunoshanyira naye Tretyakov Gallery, mitambo, firimu muzvirongwa akadzivira Cinematography Committee. In netsamba dzake, Svetlana losifovna akanyora kuti pakanga pasina pedyo ukama pakati pavo kwakanga kusina, sapamazuva Soviet Union kuita zvepabonde musati maroorana kwainzi kunyadziswa.

Pazuva rokutanga vakura pfungwa mwanasikana Stalin kwakaita chakazivikanwa nokukurumidza. Munyori General of USSR akatora nezvavasingadi pakarepo Kapler, uye upenyu mutambi akamhanyira mudambudziko. Aigara akadana kuna Lubyanka uye pasi maawa-refu kubvunzurudzwa. Saka sei kutonga pamusoro Kapler aidanana Svetlana zvakanga zvisingaiti, chaaipomerwa mukusora nokuti United Kingdom uye zvinenge 10 makore, akatumirwa kuVorkuta kwokururamisa zvakaoma kujeri. Vakadzi vakawanda, yokufungidzira ichi dzakaguma dzinorema nembama wandei kunoitwa yakaoma baba.

wanano yokutanga

The mberi Biography kuti Stalin womwanasikana Svetlana Alliluyeva chokuita nokudzidza pa MSU. Ndapedza chikoro, iye ndanyoresa panguva rorusununguko Philology, asi, pashure pokupedza weboka rokutanga, pasi kumanikidzwa baba vake hwakatamisirwa enhoroondo. Iye akavenga nyaya Zvisinei, akamanikidzwa kuzviisa kuda Pope, hakunganzi mabhuku uye mabhuku basa vakadzikama basa.

Somudzidzi, Svetlana akaroora Grigory Morozov - shamwari mukoma wake chikoro. Musikana aiva nemakore 18 okuberekwa ipapo. Stalin rukavhundusa muchato uye akaramba kuona mwanakomana wake mutemo. Muna 1945, vaviri vacho vechiduku aiva mwana, uyo ainzi Joseph. muchato Svetlana wokutanga wakagara makore 4 chete, mufaro mukuru Stalin yakadhirika. Yakataurwa Alliluyeva muna mumwe kubvunzurudzwa ake, Grigory Morozov akaramba kuzvidzivirira uye vanoda yake akamuberekera vana gumi. Svetlana kuva mai-heroine haana kuenda. Asi, akanga achironga kuwana dzidzo yepamusorosoro. Mumakore ose kuroorwa mukadzi wechiduku Morozov akaita 4 pamuviri, iye akarwara uye nyaya kurambana.

Kuwanana kuomerera kwababa vake

Muna 1949, Iosifa Stalina mwanasikana Svetlana Alliluyeva vakaroorwazve. nguva ino akasarudza baba wake. Vakava nomwanakomana kumunyori Communist Party pakati Andrei Zhdanov vatongi. Pamberi muchato, vechiduku vanhu havana kuva musangano chete. Vakawanikwa, nekuti saizvozvo kufanana Stalin. Yuri pamutemo wokurera mwanakomana kumuchato wake wokutanga kuna Svetlana. Kwapera gore, mudzimai wake akazvara Alliluyeva mwanasikana Catherine, uye ipapo kudare kuti kurambana. Stalin akanga kusagutsikana Wandinyengedzerei ichi, Svetlana, asi kuti kwaari kurarama asingachadiwi murume, akanga asingakwanisi. Munyori General of Soviet Union akaziva kuti vanomuteerera mwanasikana hawaizovazve, uye kuti urarame naye inopandukira hunhu.

Upenyu pashure porufu rwake yababa

Muna March 1953, "mutungamiriri marudzi ose" pasisina. Pakafa baba Svetlana vake akapiwa ake passbook, nekuda iyo pakanga rubles 900 chete. All zvimwe zvinhu uye magwaro Stalin akatora. Asi vanotsutsumwa pamusoro kusadiwa pamusoro chikamu mukadzi akatadza kwete hurumende. Ukama hwakanaka dzakatangwa wake pamwe Nikitoy Hruschovym, uyo akanga adzidza pamwe payunivhesiti. nzvimbo Svetlana kwakaita basa muna 1956 raiva Institute of World Literature, apo iye anga kudzidza mabhuku evanyori Soviet.

Zvakanaka, chii kuita inotevera mwanasikana Stalin vake, Svetlana? upenyu Personal yacho 50s akawedzera mumwe muchato. nguva ino, vasanangurwa Alliluyeva akava Soviet musayendisiti-Africanist Ivan Svanidze. Joint upenyu kubvira 1957 kusvika 1959 uye dzakaguma, sapamazuva zvapfuura zviitiko, kurambana. vana Common vasina vakaroorana. Kuti changu kusurukirwa kwako, Svetlana wavakuzi pfupi enganonyorwa. Panguva ino, pakarongwa avadikamwi vake, akabatana munyori Soviet uye mabhuku mutsoropodzi Andrei Sinyavsky uye nyanduri David Samoilov.

Kutizira West

Munguva 60s, pakatanga ari Khrushchev "nyungudika", pakarepo zvakachinja njodzi mwanasikana Stalin vake. Svetlana Alliluyeva akasangana muMoscow uye mugari India Brajesh Singh uye akava mudzimai wake zvakafanana-mutemo (kupinda chakarongwa yokuroorana mutorwa asina kubvumirwa). Hindu akanga arwara ndokufa mukupera 1966. Mukadzi, achishandisa kwokubatana ake muhurumende, akabvunza vakuru veSoviet kubvumira kwake kutora madota wake kumba. Agamuchira mvumo kubva nhengo Politburo of CPSU CPU Kosygin, iye akaenda kuIndia.

Kuva kure Soviet Union, Svetlana akaziva kuti achidzokera kumusha haadi. Kwemwedzi mitatu iye ndokugara yemadzitateguru musha Singh, uye ipapo vakaenda Delhi riri US Embassy uye akakumbira United States enyika hupoteri. Izvi Kupopota chisingatarisirwi Alliluyeva akakonzera chinyadzo muna USSR. Hurumende yeSoviet vanonzi vapinde kwake mazita vatengesi. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu kuwedzerwa ndechokuti pamba Svetlana vaiva mwanakomana uye mwanasikana. Asi mukadzi haana kufunga kuti akavakanda, nekuti muna zvaaifunga, vana vaiva wakura uye aigona kurarama tisingatungamirirwi. Pakazosvika nguva Josefa akanga atova kuendesa oga mhuri, uye Catherine aiva mugore rangu rokutanga panguva yunivhesiti.

Kutendeuka kuna Lana Peters

Siya India kuUnited States zvakananga kubva Alliluyeva akakundikana. Kuti varege Anotadzira kare kusvinwa ukama Soviet Union, US vamiriri akatuma mukadzi muSwitzerland. Svetlana akararama kwenguva yakati Europe uye akabva atamira America. KuMadokero, mwanasikana Stalin akaita asina chokubata. Muna 1967, iye yakabudisa bhuku "Tsamba 20 Shamwari," vakaudza pamusoro baba neupenyu hwake pamberi kwake kubva Moscow. Uzvinyore Svetlana losifovna akatanga muSoviet Union. Bhuku rino ndokuva kutekenyedzwa nyika uye vakauya munyori anenge mamiriyoni 2,5 emadhora kwemari.

Kurarama America kure, Svetlana akaedza kuronga upenyu hwomunhu oga naye mapurani William Peters. Mushure muchato wake, kwakaitika muna 1970, iye akatora zita mumwe uye akacheka zita rake, achiva anongoti Lana. Nokukurumidza richangobva akavamba Mai Peters akaberekwa mwanasikana Olga. Madly kuda murume wake American, Svetlana akaita paakapiwa kwaro muzvirongwa zvinenge zvose mari yavo. Kana mari yake yapera, muchato vakarambana. Alliluyeva gare gare akaziva kuti ndizomuroora Peters akaita zano hanzvadzi yake, chokwadi chokuti "muchindakadzi yeSoviet" unofanira kuva mamiriyoni kubva baba vake. Achiziva kuti miscalculated, iye akaita zvinhu zvose mukoma akarambwa. Pashure kugumiswa muna 1972 mwanasikana muchato Stalin vake, Svetlana Alliluyeva (photo by William Peters akapa pazasi) rakaramba unonzi murume uye akasara ari oga pamwe Olga. Vanonyanya kupa kwayo mari akava munyori basa uye mipiro nemasangano anoyamura.

Dzokera Alliluyeva mu Union

Muna 1982, Svetlana kuLondon. Ikoko iye akasiya Olga ari chebhodhin'i chikoro Quaker akaenda wokufamba nyika. To wose ndezvokuti mukadzi 1984 vakadzokera kuSoviet Union. Chikonzero kusarudza zvakadaro iye akazotsanangura kuti Olga aifanira kupa dzidzo yakanaka, uye muna USSR, zviri pachena. Zviremera zveSoviet akasangana anotiza nemutsa. Iye akadzorera citizenship kupiwa pokugara, motokari ine oga mutyairi, pamudyandigere. Asi kugara muMoscow, mukadzi haana kuita, uye akatamira kumba kwababa vake Georgia. Pano Alliluyeva akazvipiwa youmambo pokugara. Olga akatanga kupinda chikoro, kutora zvidzidzo Russian uye vokuGeorgia mitauro uye vaiita Equestrian mutambo. Asi upenyu muna Tbilisi haana kuuya mufaro Svetlana. Dzosai tagovera ukama nevana hazvina kubudirira. Joseph uye Catherine vakagumburwa naamai vake chokwadi kuti anenge 20 apfuura, iye vakavasiya. Uye handina kukwanisa kuwana kunzwisisa pakati pehama mwanasikana Stalin kuti Svetlana. Her Biography zvinosanganisira mashoko nezvokuti muna 1986 akanga ari gotwe mwanasikana zvakare vachienda America. nguva ino kwakanga kusina nezvinetso yekubva. Gorbachev pachake akarayira kuti yake mwanasikana "mutungamiriri wavanhu" kuti takasununguka kubva munyika. Kare States, Alliluyeva zvose zvasiya ake chizvarwa Soviet.

Re-kuenda kumwe uye kumavirira upenyu

Sei uye paaigara mwanasikana Stalin vake, Svetlana Alliluyeva, pashure wechipiri pakubva kubva USSR? Kare States, mumwe mukadzi wechikuru vakagara mutaundi Richland (Wisconsin). Chat naJosefa mwanakomana wake uye mwanasikana Catherine, iye yamira zvachose. Nokukurumidza, Olga akatanga aparadzane naye uye kuti kurarama pachavo. First Svetlana losifovna dzakahaya yoga furati, akabva atamira vakwegura. Mumakore 90 iye aigara mumusha unochengeterwa vakwegura muLondon, ipapo zvakare akaenda US. Mumakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake Alliluyeva akapedza vakwegura iri American guta Madison. Akafa nekenza Nov. 22, 2011. In kuda kufa inoraswa Alliluyeva akakumbira kuti amuvige pasi zita Lana Peters. Ndivaite kuvigwa harizivikanwi.

Children Svetlana Iosifovny

Makore 85 vaigara ino mwanasikana Stalin vake. Biography womukadzi kwaizova kukwana pasina kutaurwa sei njodzi vana vake vatatu. Mwanakomana mukuru Alliluevoy Iosif akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna mushonga. Aiita cardiology uye zvakanyorwa mapepa akawanda sayenzi mwoyo zvirwere. About mai vake, Joseph G. achiudza venhau havana kufanana, aiva naye muukama zvakaipa. Akararama kwemakore 63. Akafa nesitiroko muna 2008.

Mwanasikana Svetlana Iosifovny inoziva zvokuputika kwemakomo Catherine anoshanda. Kufanana ake mukoma, akanga chaizvo nokusagona Alliluyeva, kana iye akaenda West, vachisiya vamwe vana. mibvunzo venhau 'nezvaamai vake Catherine Y. havadi kupindura, vachiti kuti haana vaiziva mukadzi. Kuti kuviga kubva kutaurwa nevezvenhau uye kuchengeteka mabasa, Alliluyeva, mwanasikana akaenda Kamchatka, kwaanogara kusvikira nhasi. Kuchiita yatisingaonekwi upenyu.

mwanasikana muduku Olga Peters akatanga Alliluyeva mwana paya. Akazvara wake wechishanu makore gumi. Akura, Olga akashandura zita rake kuna Chris Evans. Nhasi, iye anogara US, akashanda ari mushambadzi. mukadzi In Russian asiri anotaura. Sezvo nehanzvadzi, ukama Olga kuti naamai vake haisi kuumbwa.

Long uye yakajeka upenyu chaizorarama mwanasikana Stalin kuti Svetlana Alliluyeva. Biography pamwe mapikicha akurukurwa munyaya, kuchaita vaverengi kudzidza zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro wake dambudziko. mukadzi uyu haasi kutya zvinonyadzisa, voruzhinji uye zvaunotenda. Mwanasikana "Mutungamiriri Great" aiziva sei kuti rudo, kutambudzika uye kutanga upenyu patsva. Aisagona kuva amai vakanaka vana vake, asi haana haana kutambura ichi. Svetlana losifovna zvausingafaniri rainzi mwanasikana Stalin, saizvozvo, kamwe muna West, uti bhayibhayi kuti zita rako kare. Asi, achiva Lanoy Piters, yakaramba kuti nyika yose "muchindakadzi yeSoviet."