National mumapaka: Serengeti. Flora uye Fauna of Africa

Africa Kazhinji chokuita dzomusango dzakasiyana-siyana. Hekuno soro arambe achirema kuti mhuka, uyewo akapfuma siyana fauna of tichienzanisa nedzimwe makondinendi Nyika.

Pane zvakasiyana-siyana mumapaka National. Serengeti - mumwe wavo. Nenzira, yacho ane kupfuura nhamba kuti mumapaki National munyika - 335 zvidimbu. Vakakwanisa kuwana kudzivirira vanenge 100,000 mhando tumbuyu, 1,100 mhando mhuka, 3000 mhando hove uye 2,600 eshiri. Uyewo pano pane siyana mhuka tsvene, mumapaki, National, zvomumvura uye dondo reserves.

The kondinendi iri akapfuma siyana nzvimbo. Plains oma savannahs uye mvura anofukidza muna Sahara vava mahombekombe panopinda dzakasiyana-siyana mhuka. Zviri musha akawandisa mhuka chinonakidza, vamwe vavo vari mungozi kutsakatika. Uyezve, zvinofungidzirwa kuti iyi ndiyo nzvimbo pakuonekwa vokutanga.

Tanzania

Pano inoshanyirwa siyana National Parks. Serengeti - yakakurumbira park, izvo anoda nzvimbo wose anotsvaka kuongorora Africa chaiye.

Pasina mubvunzo, nzvimbo iyi yakakurumbira pfuma yemashoko mhuka munyika. Haazivi vezera vake kukosha chesayenzi uye runako. Africa Serengeti National Park - kupfuura akakurumbira uye mukuru Park Tanzania - zviri inozivikanwa kwayo wepagore vaitamira: vanopfuura mamiriyoni 6 yegwara tsika romubani tsoka, apo 300,000 yemhara 200,000 mbizi pamwe wildebeest kutsvaka zvokudya zvinyoro. Asi kunyange pasina Serengeti kutama zvinobvira chivara safari mu Africa yakakura mapoka nyati, twiza uye nzou boka, Zvaifadza nhamba topi, eland, mhara, Grant kuti yemhara uye kongoni.

paki Location

Munharaunda Tanzania, umo Mukuru African kusanzwana, ndiyo yakakurumbira Serengeti Park (Map ngachipiwe munyaya ino). muvakidzani wayo wokuchamhembe anonzi zvokuKenya Masai Mara Reserve, uye zasi-kumabvazuva pedyo Ngorongoro.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Idzi kare akaramba zvachose dzesango. Asi anenge zana apfuura munzvimbo ino kuuya naMaasai - hwokumusoro madzinza anongofamba, vakanga dzaichengetwa mombe.

Oscar Baumann (German), uyo aiva aiongorora uye zvakasikwa - munzvimbo Serengeti munzvimbo yokutanga European vakasvika 1891. Pano, kuti vavhimi okutanga akatanga mabasa ayo muna 1913. Kwemakore anoverengeka, nzvimbo iyi akabata paumbwe kuchengeterwa, rwakazokura hwaro ichi national park, iyo akatanga muna 1951. Chiito ichi kuchakubatsira kunzwisisa zvinodiwa kuchengetedza African mhuka, sezvo kazhinji kuvhima zvingaita kuti nokukurumidza zvinoderedza uwandu yeshumba, iyo panguva imwe nguva vaionekwa zvipukanana.

Of Serengeti makore 8 tiri dzinounzwa rezervant, rinonzi Ngorongoro.

Muna 2009, munyika kupemberera rechi50 gore mupaki, masayendisiti akashuma kuti idzi rakasiyana kudzivirirwa kubva kakawanda avatorwa, naro Africa zvino kushingaira kutanga ushanyi. Kuti izvi zvidaro, isu aida kumisa kuwana National Parks. Serengeti hapana mumwe wavo. Asi vafambi ikozvino havagoni kuenda Olduvai Gorge, izvo ino nguva achiongorora zvisaririra vekare vanhu. Zvakaita kuti kuchena kutsvakurudza uye Kuchengetedzwa anowana.

paki Name

Zita munharaunda iyi "akawedzera nharaunda." Pano okunze wakananga, kuti dzinobatsira mhirizhonga kwose muupenyu. Rinotaurawo kunokanganisa mararamiro vagere munharaunda.

Climate

Kunyanya Serengeti unodziyirwa uye akaoma, kunyange pane mwaka kuchinaya. Tarirai muchirimo. Pakati matsutso kunonaya kunobvirawo, asi vakanga duku zvikuru.

Nharaunda iri yokunaya akazara maruva uye greenery, apo mune dzimwe nguva iri zvishoma nezvishoma kwemvura kuuya. Panguva iyoyo, vagari National Park tanga tama kuwana mvura kuti tirarame.

Mhepo tembiricha haasi kunyanya yemakomo pano - munzvimbo 15-25˚S. Muna Serengeti munguva coolest - ndiye June-October, kunyanya manheru.

nzvimbo

Serengeti National Park anewo nharaunda dzakasiyana:

• Centre - Savannah;
• rwezasi - Mafuro;
• West - vakawanda mapani uye masango;
• rwezasi-mabvazuva - anoputika;
• North - mumasango nezvikomo.

chikamu chimwe nechimwe angawana diki rwizi, nyanza kana nomumachakwi.

Modern maonero vari kure kwazvo yepakutanga kuti pakanga kamwe imwe nguva apo mumwe mukuru maonero panyika kuumbwa kuputika basa. Ipapo akatora nguva yakawanda pasi nokuita zvinhu, nokudaro zvichiita chifananidzo kuitika, izvo zvinogona kuongororwa nokuongorora mapikicha Serengeti.

mhuka

Special ezvinhu kuti tikwanise kuva mhando dzakasiyana-siyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, izvo vakapararira mumapaka National pachavo. Serengeti ndiye kupfuura nhamba kwevagari vayo:

• shiri (anenge 500 rudzi);
• mhuka (kumativi 35 marudzi);
• zvinokambaira (350 marudzi).

Pano, pakati pemhuka ikoko:

• Small rori Thompson (kupfuura 0.5 Mill.);
• wildebeest (anenge 2 Mill.);
• Mbizi (kupfuura 0.25 Mill.);
• nzou;
• twiza;
• rhinoceroses;
• makudo;
• porcupines nevamwe.

Unogona kusangana nemimwe zvikara:

• cheetahs;
• vanenge 3,000 shumba;
• makava;
• mapere;
• Ingwe.

Famous shiri Africa:

• magora;
• flamingoes;
• kurwisa makondo ;
• shuramurove;
• chemhou.

Panewo zvinokambaira:

• makarwe;
• nyoka;
• dzvinyu.

dzichitama mhuka

Vafambi vari Serengeti Reserve kukwezva mashomanana zvimedu paupenyu zvisikwa yomusango, chikuru uko kuonekwa yokutama guru ungulates, kuti kunyatsoenderana, kuti wildebeest nembizi. Mamiriyoni makwai date mhuka vakatakudzwa kuburikidza picturesque uye yakakura nzvimbo Serengeti.

Shure vari kutumwa hazvo zvikara kurasa chinhu akakodzera nguva kuti zvibereko kundovhima. Vakanga kare wokuunga uye scavengers, izvo madikanwa wedzerai cheni link munzvimbo idzi.

ukashanya kwakadaro muna National Park kunoitika kubva February kuna June. Herd panguva ino zvinofamba ari kuchamhembe divi, kutamira panguva iyoyo iri nechokumabvazuva. Muna September, vanoenda shure uye nepariri December kusvika kumaodzanyemba kuburikidza kumadokero nyika.

Mwaka wemvura anoita herbivores kufamba muna Masai Mara - varipo akaronga mafuro manyoro. Kana pasina mvura, pamapani kuchamhembe dzinenge mumarenje. Uye saka zvinoitika nguva dzose - vagari Serengeti Park (Africa) kudzingirira pamusoro refu zvokudya, zvose apo kuisa upenyu hwavo mungozi.

Conditions nokuti vashanyi

Munguva National Park pane zvose zvinhu kuti hwomutambarakede mutsigiro vashanyi. A guru nhamba vemahotera, campsites uye campgrounds zvinopa nyore mutsigiri vashanyi. Mupaki pane maresitorendi apo unogona kudya zvokudya zvinonaka, kwomwoyo uye chipa kudya. A nguva huru kushanyira paki ichi - ndiwo mwaka yakaoma. Zvadaro vashanyi anogona kuzvionera sei upenyu runoyerera nezvikara. Munguva nyoro mwaka zvinokwanisika kuona kuti zvirugu yokutama ezvipfuwo hoofed.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kushanya kune Serengeti haangamuregeri munhu hanya, uye kwenguva yakareba ichapa manzwiro kunyange Vafambi zvikuru anonzwisisa.