Freshwater Hozhwa: sei nengozi ndizvo?

Vashoma kutarisira Wandinyengedzerei kubva cochlea. Vazhinji inoshandiswa kurapa zvishoma pasi mhuka idzi kujairika. Ndavapiko, hozhwa izvi? Uye kana Freshwater Hozhwa kunogona chaizvoizvo kuva nengozi?

zita

Snail - mumiririri mhuka umambo. Ndezvenguva mollusk mhando, kirasi Gastropoda kana gastropods. zita Gastropoda Latin achiumbwa kubva pamashoko maviri echiGiriki, asi fungidzira kukosha iyo - the "dumbu" uye "tsoka". zita A Russian remhuka ichi - "nedhambakura" - mumwe kwechiSlavonic midzi. Hazvina nzvanyira pamwe chipauro "negomba." Zvakaratidza kuti zita ose airatidza mumwe zvaidiwa mollusk. Latin rinotarisa nzira rwokufamba, uye mutauro wokuRussia iri akasimbisa mhango imba, riri seri mhuka.

A chaiwo mamiriro

Snail - randinenge gastropod, ane rokunze goko uye muviri. Chinotoshamisa kusiyana kuti muviri panguva anoita mabasa rwokufamba dumbu. Pamusoro iri chaiyo crease, anonzi nejasi. The maturo pakati jasi uye muviri mhango anonzi nejasi. Inside iri kusveta Inlet, izvo chinopinda mumvura, oxygenated uye nzira yokubudisa kusveta chokubvisa tsvina mvura. Sezvaungafungidzira, izvi zvinoshanda hozhwa avo kuti kurarama mumvura. Kana mhuka iri nepanyika, jasi mhango chinhu chinyakare zvemapapu, pachinzvimbo gills.

Nokuti mashoko pamusoro mhando

Zvakasikwa, gastropods chaizvo chaizvo. Masayendisiti akanyorwa vanopfuura zviuru. 110 Species. Vose vari mapoka mapoka makuru 3:

• Marine mhando;
• Freshwater marudzi;
• Nyika hozhwa.

Kutaura zvazviri, kuparadzana zvingaderedzwa kuna dakashwa uye pulmonary siyana. Asi isu anoedza kunyatsoongorora ndiyo chimiro chimwe chete. Chinhu Freshwater Hozhwa.

Freshwater hozhwa: Danger

Zvikuru zvinotyisa vaurayi panyika hapana zvikara makuru, uye vashoma isingakuvadzi hozhwa. Kunyange zvazvo zvose zvinogona kunzi chisingakuvadzi mhuka, iyo pamusana nzufu anenge 10,000 rimwe gore? Hazvisi kuwedzeredza. Uchifarira, chii ngozi Freshwater hozhwa? Sei mhuka kuti haana unopinza mazino uye refu nenzara, kuuraya munhu? Regai nditsanangure.

zuva ose yakachena mvura awana guru yakawanda tsvina, kusanganisira mhuka uye tsvina yevanhu. The madhaka mvura gobvu Makawanza tupukanana siyana. Muviri Freshwater hozhwa vagadzirise nemaziso tupukanana ari genus Schistosoma, iyo kuti zvirwere vanhu.

Freshwater Hozhwa muurayi kunokonzera chirwere chakaipisisa, unonzi schistosomiasis. A kuwanda utachiona hwacho zvinopfuura ganda uye kutanga kubereka yavo. Maererano dzakawanda kupatsanura, schistosomiasis - wechipiri (pashure marariya) achitsva chirwere hwakapararira munyika. Maererano nokufungidzira, chete pamusoro kondinendi African schistosomiasis vairwara vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 207, asi ndiko chete vaya vaigona kukumbira rubatsiro. Maererano nenhamba, 25% kuti sei vanhu vanofa.

Unopinda sei utachiona

Freshwater Hozhwa kuuraya vanhu, yekutapurira mvura schistosome mazana. Zviri mumiviri yavo mazana ndivo muchikamu chokutanga kukura. Schistosome upenyu kutenderera ari nani kunzwisisa. Vanhu kushambidza, kusuka, kunwa mvura inobva madziva utachiona, uye dzimwe nguva chete zvichiita kuti afambe nomumvura. In yakachena mvura hozhwa anowanikwa mumuviri iyo akagadzirisa sporocysts izvo vari kusimukira flukes. Vakabva nedhambakura muviri uye kufamba takasununguka mumvura, chichipinda ganda kwevanhu kupinda muropa. For midziyo makuru uye capillaries flukes tama kupinda portal tsinga kana dundira.

Munguva yokutama tupukanana vanoumba kamwe zvakare kuchinja, vanova nehonye vakura aroorane. The rinokosha Zvinoumba schistosome mapuroteni mamiriro anoita kuti zviome kana kunyange usingaonekwi zvirwere yevanhu gadziriro. Izvi zvinoita ruchikonzera tupukanana mu zvinoshamisa nhamba. Zvirwere mhinduro kunoitika chete pashure kwomurume vanhu mated uye vakaisa mazai. Pashure bowel kana dundira mazai kudzokera shure zvakatipoteredza. Mazai kubva mvura kunyika muviri mollusks. Zvino Freshwater Hozhwa kuuraya zvakare, mberi ichitanga schistosomes.

Tsikariya zviri kupinda mukati ganda kuti kukura nevanhu vanokwanisa kubereka akura, zvinotora anenge 65 mazuva. The hadzi iri yakakura kupfuura varume. Hwakura kubva 7 kusvika 20 mm. Schistosomes kurarama kubva 3 kusvika 30 makore, kubudisa munyika iyoyo mabhiriyoni mazai.

Freshwater nedhambakura, chinhu chinodiwa danho muupenyu kutenderera schistosomes, zvakajairika mumvura Africa, kuMiddle uye East Far, South America uye kuPhilippines.

Unoziva sei kuti paiva chirwere

Zviratidzo schistosomiasis vari ngozi nekuti havachipo nokukurumidza, uye kana muviri rinoungana guru mari mazai tupukanana. Pakutanga, pashure kushanyira dzine ngozi, zvinokosha kuti unyatsoteerera akatsvuka uye akashatirwa ganda kubva kuonana nemvura yakachena.

Pashure 1-2 mwedzi pachapera infestation kuonekwa zviratidzo. Vari yakaratidzwa kwokupisa ezvinhu, chills, chikosoro, uye tsandanyama soreness. Asi vazhinji utachiona chikuru zviratidzo vasiri akanzwa. Vanonzwisisa kuti vachirwara, asi kana dzichiri chisingaperi schistosomiasis. Zviratidzo chirwere ichi vari:

• zvakakomba abdominal marwadzo;
• ascites, kureva bundu;
• reropa manyoka;
• marwadzo kana vanhurume, ropa riri weti;
• kupfupika mweya;
• vangakosora;
• palpitations, chipfuva kurwadziwa;
• Mienzaniso kana zvakakwana kuremara;
• chirwere chepfungwa.

Ongororo, miedzo, kurapwa

Kana Ndadzoka kubva mazororo kana bhizimisi nzendo munyika kwakapararira schistosomiasis, munhu anotanga kuona chinoshamisa chirwere, zvinokosha kuona parasitologist kana zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa. Kunyanya kana panguva rokuongorora dzemunharaunda zvinokwezva vanhu vaaisangana nemvura nzizi kana makungwa ose. Muna dziva, apo zvatinosiita Freshwater nedhambakura, kwete hazvo kushambira. Zvaringana kugara pamhenderekedzo, tsoka mumvura pasi, kana zvachose kudzikisa ruoko rwake mumvura panguva Supreme karwendo.

Zviratidzo schistosomiasis akafanana zvimwe zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa, saka zvinokosha kupfuura zvimwe mutsvina yadzo weti uye. miedzo ropa (PCR) akaratidza dambudziko chete yepamusoro nzendo chirwere, sezvo zvirwere mhinduro hakuitiki pakarepo.

In Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, ungada kuva colonoscopy, cystoscopy kana biopsy. Ultrassom, X-ray, MRI uye nemimwe miedzo inogona kushandiswa kuona ukuru pakusvibiswa.

Pakurapa anogadzwa kugamuchira "Praziquantel". The chipimo chemushonga rinowanikwa inobva kurema murwere, nguva kugamuchirwa pakutsvaga chiremba. Kugonesa zvinogona kubatanidzwa pamwe nekugadzirira "Artesunate".

Mushure kurapwa, murwere vanofanira kuwana nguva yokuonana kuti miedzo mutsvina yadzo weti uye, kuitira kuti tupukanana vanourayiwa.

Freshwater hozhwa. chinorura Helena

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana Freshwater hozhwa kurarama mumvura akazaruka, uye Freshwater aquariums. Humwe howa - Snail Helena. runako ichi ngozi anogara kuSoutheast Asia. It ane inopenya uye chitarisiko uye anokwanisa kudya gastropods madiki.

Sink Helena yakashongedzwa zvakasiyana nokurohwa nhema uye rinopenya. The musoro elongated clam akaita proboscis. Helena mottled muviri, zvinonzi akafukidzwa zviuru Dots vatema. Nature akagovera ichi ngozi chikara rinokosha ndiro kudzivirirwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi, nedhambakura anovhara pamusuo singi akasimba "musuo".

Dzemugungwa Helena kazhinji vakaramba sezvo Freshwater akwariyamu hozhwa. Vanobatsira kuderedza uwandu algae, tadpoles, mollusks nezvimwe nedhambakura marudzi.

nyanga nedhambakura

Izvi Freshwater mollusks dzinozivikanwa mhuri Neritina. Ndivo mune kumaodzanyemba latitudes. Inowanikwa mumvura Japan, Thailand, Philippines, China uye Indonesia. Dzemugungwa anoda estuaries pamaware kana jecha pasi.

Snail ane dzinongoitika nedziviriro muchimiro unopinza growths. Nyanga unozvidzinga kure zvikara, kuedza kubata munhu nedhambakura.

Ruvara anoshongwa ine mbiri ruvara zvisungo. Mumwe wavo ari yero, mumwe - vatema. Small inopenya Vagari kazhinji vanozviwana varidzi Freshwater aquariums. Ivo vanorichenesa zvakawandisa algae kubva driftwood, zvemaoresa uye magirazi. Nyanga dzemugungwa kuwirirana nevamwe vagari akwariyamu, kunze, zvichida, chete nedhambakura Helena.

nedhambakura ampulyarii

Freshwater ampulyarii zvinowanikwa South America uye Asia reservoirs. yakanaka multi-mavara clams izvi zvina unopinza ndebvu Body. Ruvara zano ampulyarii zvinoshamisa siyana. Ndiyo imwe mhuri yose mollusks umo mune zvinenge 120 marudzi, imwe neimwe ine yayo ruvara. mollusc muviri inogona kusvika 7 masendimita pakureba. Pakati peculiarities ari mhando zvinosanganisira kuvapo gills nemapapu. Izvi imhaka yokuti mhando anogara mumvura isina kudzika. Ampulyarii vane chinokosha chichiitwa, achitambanudza kuti vanogona kufema mumhepo mhepo, kunyange mvura.

Ampulyarii sezvinoita mvura inodziya (kusvika 28 ° C) uye kunyanya fastidious muviri. Ikodzere yasvika uye miriwo, uye hove dyisa, uye zvidimbu duku hove. Kana mvura tangi ushamwari, ipapo ampulyarii pasi kurara ne nokuvhara muvharo deko.

Aquarists kwazvo mhuri iyi zvavanoda kuramba utsanana mundiro. Ampulyarii sarudza kugara pasi zvokudya zvacho uye akafa algae.

Melania nedhambakura

Miti iyi gastropods rasprastranen yose Africa uye ane chaizvo zvakawanda nzvimbo. Zvakasikwa, anoda diki mvura miviri pamwe anononoka inoyerera. Asi Melanie anoda matombo pasi, anoda jecha silty kana pamutsago. Hwaro zvokudya hozhwa - nehafu raderera zvasara algae uye makemikari nyaya ezasi. Sink Melania elongated chimiro unopinza yokutenda. Din ruvara zvichisiyana mutema chiedza mashava.

Zvinenge chero itsva-mvura Hozhwa photos iyo muchawana, vachatarira akanaka uye anoyevedza. Zvisinei, hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti clams aya pangozi huru. Kana muridzi akwariyamu anoda inovaraidza akadaro, muropa vamwe hove, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti zvakakosha kutora kuchengeteka matanho.

Pasinei iwe vanobatwa hozhwa pachavo neunotengwa navo inovaraidza chitoro, molluscs zvose zvinofanira kuchengetwa kupatsanura varwere. Freshwater hozhwa vari akaisa chinhu tangi (pasina algae nezvimwe vagari) uye vakabata kwemavhiki anenge 4 mune simba mhinduro kuti potassium permanganate. Ipapo mhuka iri yakashambwa nemvura yakachena, uye chete pashure nzira iyi anobvumirwa zviri zvavo akwariyamu. Kunyange zvazvo, rangarirai, Freshwater nedhambakura ndiyo ngozi kuti munhu abate dzinongoitika mumvura hakungodiwi dzinovaraidza. Sei pachena pachako kuti nezvengozi nezvirwere schistosomiasis?