Schistosomiasis: zviratidzo, kurapwa, kuongororwa

Muchirapa, izwi rokuti "schistosomiasis" rinoshandiswa kuratidza mamiriro ezvinhu evanhu vanotapukirwa nehonye kubva mujeri Schistosoma. Iwe unogona kuwana rimwe zita rechirwere ichi - bilharziasis kana chirwere chaManson. Izvi zvinokonzera ngozi kune hutano hwevanhu. Kushaikwa kwekurapa kwenguva yakakodzera kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kunouraya. Muchikamu chino, ticharondedzera nenzira dzakawanda nzira huru dzehutachiona uye maitiro ehutano hwakadai schistosomiasis.

Tsanangudzo yechirwere

Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi chinotanga nekukudziridzwa kwemaermatitis. Izvozvo zvinowanzobatana nefivha uye kudhakwa kwakakomba kwezvose zvipenyu. Chirwere chemakiriniki muchirwere ichi chinokonzerwa nekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekudzivirira mafungiro kune mahara mazai.

Schistosomiasis chirwere chisingagumi chinokonzera kukuvadza kweropa rekudya, uyewo nhengo dze genitourinary system. Kuwanda kwekupararira kwechirwere ichi kwave kune nyika dzine kutonhora kwemamiriro okunze uye hupenyu hushoma hwekugara, uko vanhu vasina nguva yekuwana mvura yakachena yekunwa. Maererano nehupenyu huripo, panguva ino vanhu vanopfuura mazana maviri emamiriyoni pasi pano vatotapukirwa. Panharaunda yeRussian Federation, izvi zviratidzo zvishoma. Muzhinji, kuongororwa kunosimbiswa nevashanyi vachangobva kudzoka kubva muzororo inobva kunyika inopisa. Panyika yeAfrica, vanhu vanopfuura mazana maviri evanhu vanofa gore roga roga kubva pakuongororwa schistosomiasis. Zviratidzo, kurapwa nekudzivirira kwechirwere ichi nhasi kunokwezva nyanzvi kubva kumativi ose enyika.

Chii chinokonzera kukura kwehutano?

Izvo zvinokonzera kukonzera chirwere ichi ndizvo zvinonzi trematodes (flukes of the genus Schistosoma). Kutarisa utachiona hwemakumbo avo, kazhinji hunoitika paanenge achishambira mumvura yakachena yemvura kana paanonwa mvura yakasvibiswa. Mazai ezvipembenene vanopinda mukati mekuchengetedza pamwe nemuviri kana madota evanhu vanorwara nemhuka. Zvadaro mukati memazuva mashanu mazai anotanga uye anotanga kuiswa mukati memasukisi. Apo zvipembenene zvechirwere zvinokura zvishomanana, zvinobuda mumuviri we mollusc uye, zviri mumvura yakadzika, zvinopinda mumuviri womunhu. Ikoko vanozoita zvepabonde ravo, vanoisa mazai mukati memitezo. Kubva pane nzvimbo yemaruva, chirwere chemukati, urogenital uye masimba echchistosomiasis yakasarudzwa. Zviratidzo zvefomu rimwe nerimwe zvakasiyana.

Intestinal schistosomiasis

Utachiwana hunoitika panguva yekudonha mune dziva kana mune imwe nzvimbo yakasvibiswa nemvura yakasvibiswa. Mushure mokupinda mukati meganda mukati meganda, vanotanga kubuda kuburikidza neropa uye lymphatic midziyo. Pazuva rechinomwe rekugara mumuviri, trematodes inopinda mumoyo nemapapu, uye pashure - mukati memuropa. Zvadaro helminths inopinda mukati mezvinonzi maentre mesenteric, uko vanoramba vachichira kwemazuva makumi mana. Pakuguma kwenguva ino, mukadzi anotanga kushingaira kuisa mazai. Pazuva rekuwanda kwavo rinowedzera kusvika mazana matatu. Mazuva makumi mashanu mushure moutachiona mumucheka wemunhu ane HIV, zviratidzo zve trematodes zvinogona kuonekwa. Mhando dzakakura dzezvipembenene zvinogona kurarama mumuviri womunhu kwemakore makumi matatu.

Ko intestinal schistosomiasis inoratidzei? Zviratidzo zvechimiro chechirwere ichi chinotanga nefivha yakasimba, dermatitis, ming'u ine kuchenesa. Munguva yakajeka mazai akarara, munhu angave ane zviratidzo zvekudhakwa (misoro, fivha, kusimba mumasumbu).

Genitourinary schistosomiasis

Zvirwere zvechirwere chechirwere, icho chirwere ichi chiri, chinoda kunyatsotarisirwa. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yekuwana mishonga yezvirwere zve genitourinary chimiro chechirwere ndiyo nzvimbo yevirous plexus yemapapiro. Vakakura vanokura vanoisa mazai avo mumaketani emakumbo mahara, chiraya, ureters, uye spermatic cord.

Chiratidzo chikuru chechimiro chechirwere ndicho hematuria, kureva, kuvapo kweropa risina kuchena mumuguta. Mune zviitiko zvakakomba zvikuru, varwere vanoongororwa vane fibrosis yechipfuva. Kushayikwa kwechirwere chenguva yakawanda kunowanzotanga kukurudzirwa kweavocology. Mune vamiririri vehutano hwakanaka, chirwere ichi chinosanganisa zvikuru nhengo dzomuviri, iyo inoratidzirwa nenzira yehutano, hutachiona uye kubuda ropa. Mune varume, zvirwere zvinowanzokonzera kusununguka.

Gastrointestinal schistosomiasis

Iwe unogona kuwana mamwe mazita echirwere ichi: Katayama chirwere, chiSpanish schistosomiasis. Zviratidzo zvechimiro chechirwere ichi zvakafanana nekusiyana kwepachivi chechirwere, asi munyaya iyi maharasi echikadzi anowedzera katatu mazai. Kukuvadza kwemasumbu emudumbu nemukumbo zvinokonzera kuonekwa kwehutroseshi hwekusiyana zvakasiyana.

Inonyanya kuipa iyo fulminant stage yechirwere, apo mukana wehupenyu hunouraya unowedzera. Iyo inoratidzirwa nezviratidzo zvinotevera: fivha, zvakakomba zviratidzo zvekurwisa, hypereosinophilia.

Pamugariro usingagumi kune kuvhiringidzika kwechiito chemuitiro wepamuviri wepamuviri, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mumimba, chirwere cheropa, kuwedzera kwechiropa. Anenge makore mashanu mushure mekutachiona, chirwere chakakomba chinonzi cirrhosis chinokura.

Nyaya yekuongorora

Chokutanga, vanachiremba vane hanya nezviratidzo zve schistosomiasis (zviratidzo). Kurapa kunorayirwa chete mushure mekunge kuongororwa kwakajeka. Chiratidzo chikuru chekusimbisa chirwere ichi ndehupo hwe helminth mazai muchitsiko. Izvi zvinongoratidzwa chete panguva yeiviposition kana pakusimba kwakanyanya kwekupinda.

Varwere vanopiwawo chirongwa chekuongorora ropa, sezvo chirwere chinodarika ropa chinogona kuitika kana chirwere chichikura.

Ndeipi yekusimbisa urogenital schistosomiasis? Zviratidzo zvechimiro chechirwere ichi - chiratidzo chikuru chekuvapo kwezvipembenene mumuviri. Allergic reactions, hematuria, kusuruvara kunorwadza - zvose izvi zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuvapo kweurwere. Kubva pane data ye radiography uye cystoscopy ye genitourinary system, chiremba anoita kuti zvirwere zvizivikanwe. Kuwedzerwa, biopsy ye bladder pachayo inogona kutarisirwa.

Therapy therapy

Ndingakunda sei schistosomiasis? Zviratidzo uye kurapa kwefomu rimwe nerimwe zvinogona kusiyana. Zvisinei, nhasi rimwe chirwere chinonzi Praziquantel chinoshandiswa kurapa chirwere ichi. Iyi ndiyo mishonga yemazuva ano inopesana nemishonga inoshandiswa kubata marudzi ose ehutachiona. Chirwere ichi chinopiwa kamwechete (30 mg pa1 kg yehutano hwemurwere).

Kana pane zvirwere zvekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvinokonzerwa ne helminth mazai, corticosteroids inorayirwa. Nezvekurapwa kwekuvhiya, saka rubatsiro rwake runoshandiswa mumatambudziko akasiyana, somuenzaniso, ne stenosis ye ureter. Ndiro dambudziko iri apo varwere vanonoka kuongorora schistosomiasis vanofanira kutarisana.

Zviratidzo, kuongororwa, kurapwa ndizvo zvikamu zvitatu zvemaitiro ekunyora kurwisa urwere huno. Apo kuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvepachipiri kunofanira kutanga kutsvaga mazano ekurapwa kubva kunechiremba. Mushure mokuongorora zvakakwana, izvo zvinosanganisira kuendeswa kuongororwa, kurapa kwakakodzera kunogona kunyorwa. Nenzira iyi, chirevo chacho chinenge chakanakidza nguva dzose.

Nzira yekuziva sei kuti kurapa kwakabatsira chaizvo?

Kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti kurapa kwaive kwakabudirira (zvipembenene zvevanhu vakuru mumuviri zvakarasikirwa), pakupera kwekurapa kwechiremba chiremba anogona kukurudzirazve kuongorora chigaro uye urini. Muchiremba vazhinji, kuongorora kwechipiri kunoratidza kuti mazai anoenderera mberi achinyatsogadziriswa, asi maperembudzi ivo pachavo vakafa. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu inofungidzirwa yakasununguka uye inogona kupfuurira kwemwedzi yakawanda.

Kune rumwe rutivi, kana kuongorora kuchiratidza kuti pane maruva anorarama mumaawa, maitiro maviri echirapa anokurudzirwa.

Matanho ekudzivirira

Sangano re WHO rekurwisana nechirwere ichi rinonyanya kunyoresa nekunyora uye kurapwa kwevarwere vane chirwere ichi, kushandiswa kwe antihelminthic mishonga kuvanhu vari pangozi, kuchenesa mvura yezvokudya uye zvekudya. Nyanzvi dzakapoteredza nyika nhasi dzinoramba dzichirwisa chirwere ichi.

Kana uri wehutano hwekuzvidzivirira, uchienda kune zororo munyika dzinopisa, usakanganwa pamusoro pemitemo yepakutanga yekuchengeteka. Hazvikurudzirwi kushambira mumvura isina tsvina, kunwa mvura yakasviba. Nemhaka yezviyero zvakadaro, zvinoita kuti zvakanyanya kuderedza dambudziko rekugadzirisa chirwere chakadai schistosomiasis (bilharziosis). Zviratidzo zvehutachiona (zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutano, fever, kutengesa muviri wose) inofanira kungwarira uye kuva chikonzero chekutsvaga rubatsiro rwakakodzera. Kana kuongororwa kwasimbiswa, iwe unofanira kubva watora miedzo uye utange kurapwa.

Mhedziso

Zvinosuruvarisa, nhasi Manson schistosomiasis iri kuwedzera kuongororwa pakati pevashanyi nevanhu vemunyika yeAfrica. Tsanangudzo, zvinokonzera, zviratidzo uye nzira dzekurapa kwechirwere ichi zvinogona kudzidzwa nokuverenga ino nyaya. Ichi chirwere chinoratidzwa nekuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvekudhakwa kwemuviri, dermatitis uye urticaria. Chikonzero chikuru chekuitika kwaro ndiko kushambidza mumasimba emvura akasvibiswa. Zvirwere zvinogara mumvura zvinokwanisa kupinda mumuviri womunhu ndokuisa mazai munhengo. Zvichienderana nevakasarudzwa "nzvimbo", nyanzvi dzinosiyanisa maitiro matatu echirwere ichi. Nzira yezvino yekurapwa kwechirwere inoita kuti zvikwanise kukanganwa nezve dambudziko iri nokusingaperi. Chinhu chinokosha munyaya iyi ndechokupedza miedzo munguva kuti asimbise kuongororwa uye kutevera mitemo yechiremba. Iva noutano!