National mumapaki uye reserves of Irkutsk nharaunda: zvawanyora tsananguro uye wongororo

Kubva 1997, January 11 muRussia mutambo paZuva reserves uye omunyika imomo. On nhasi, muzana remakore rapfuura (muna 1916) akasika zvokutanga Russian State Reserve - Barguzin. Riri pamhenderekedzo Lake Baikal. In Zabaikalye uyewo riri reserves Irkutsk nharaunda. nharaunda Izvi akapfuma munzvimbo kudzivirirwa. Two kuchengeterwa Pribaikalskiy National Parks uye dzakawanda hunhu hwemunhu munharaunda iyoyo.

Zviri Irkutsk nharaunda

Uyu ndiwo mumwe kumatunhu pakukura Eastern kweSiberia. imwe nzvimbo kusvika 5% kwenharaunda wokuRussia. Tichitarisa pamwero anotsanangura kusiyana nharaunda uye hunhu. Chikamu chakakura inogarwa taiga masango, nenzvimbo dzakakwirira, vakasara inowanzorimwa rwizi mumipata. Asi chikuru kukwezvana of Irkutsk Region - mudziva Baikal. Pamusana kwaari, ipapo yakatanga ushanyi nevakawanda.

Baikal kuchitaurwa senhaka nyika nzvimbo nokuda nedzimwe njodzi dzinongoitika nharaunda, mvura yakachena uye zvakasiyana-siyana kasvisto uye fauna of makuru.

Chii kuchengeterwa?

Irkutsk nharaunda iri mu mudziyo wokushambidzira Lake Baikal, vanobatanidzwa UNESCO World Heritage zvepaIndaneti. Saka, vakawanda rive akadzivirirwa nharaunda batana kukosha. List Irkutsk nharaunda kwakachengetwa duku, asi mutengo wavo zvakakwirira. The kuchengeterwa yakatangwa kuti achengetedze yepanyama kunzwisisa zvayo yepakutanga chimiro. Pano kurambidzwa chose okuvhimisa uye chero zvoupfumi basa.

First Reserve - Barguzin - akasikwa, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kuRussia muna 1916. akazviratidza mumakore 80 kuuya nayo matura ose Irkutsk nharaunda. Vakafukidza guru nzvimbo Baikal yegungwa uye zvakasikwa kuti achengetedze rakasiyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Kwakachengetwa of Irkutsk nharaunda: zvawanyora

Kune zvimedu relict inowanzorimwa, taiga masango akanaka, nyanza, neeSultan gomo, yekare paleo-rinoputika, nemapopoma, mumipata. Kuti adzivirire rakasiyana dzinongoitika nharaunda uye hunhu hwemunhu kusikwa Irkutsk mudunhu. Nyora mazita avo rizivikanwe chero yemo, sezvo vanobatsira kuchengetedza Lake Baikal nemhenderekedzo zvayo dzinongoitika ezvinhu. Izvi zvakanga zvichinyanya kushanda kumugumo maviri remakore, apo, nokuda zvoupfumi basa rinoita uye kuparadzwa vakatanga kufa vamiririri vazhinji kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Ndezvipi matura muna Irkutsk mudunhu?

• Vitimsky Nature Reserve yakatangwa 1982. Zvinowanikwa iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva chikamu Trans-Baikal. Mumwe zvebasa chitarisiko chake chaiva kudzivirira makwai bighorn, Sable, kashoma eshiri nyama, yakasiyana serakavakwa mugomo mudziva Oron. Pano kukura larch, pane Pin, misidhari uye omusipiresi. Akaona Vitimsky kuchengeterwa zvinogoneka chete 3 musango mudungwe munzira pamwe rwizi Vitim uye Lake Oron.
• Baikal-Lensky Nature Reserve akasikwa muna 1986. Riri kumaodzanyemba chikamu Makomo Baikal kumhenderekedzo iri kumavirira kweGungwa Baikal. Pano zvichengetedzwe taiga masango, relict inowanzorimwa 2 paleovolcano makore mamiriyoni 1,5. The kuchengeterwa iri kuwanda dzebhurauni unobereka uye nedzimwe mhuka taiga. Found pano hadziwanzowaniki mhando dzakadai negora dema neshuramurove, makwapa chapungu, chinyamudzura, Rukodzi runonzi norukodzi uye nevamwe. Plant kupararira vanoondoroka, larch nedanda miti, yakawanda lichens, mosses uye hunokuvadza. Pane zvinofanira kurindwa 47 marudzi zvinomera panjodzi.

national Parks

Chinhu chikuru nzvimbo ine yakasiyana dzinongoitika nzvimbo. Pane zvose zvinhu pakuzvivaraidza uye kushanyirwa kuchengetedza kuzivikanwa zvikuru nzvimbo dzokuona usakanganisa nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Limited, uye dzimwe nguva zvachose kurambidzwa dzevanhu ezvoupfumi mabasa, asi kushandisa zvisikwa kuti zvokurima zvinangwa zvinodiwa vomunzvimbo. Kusiyana reserves, kuti nharaunda National Park anobvumirwa kupinda vashanyi. Kune vakapakata kupaka uye musango mudungwe munzira.

Yokutanga National Park hwakagadzwa US muna 1872 - ndiye Yellowstone. Nyika guru - west Zimbabwe National Park ane nzvimbo dzinopfuura zviuru 950 akaenzana makiromita. Uye muna Russia, chikuru National Park iri muna Irkutsk mudunhu.

Pribaikalskiy National Park

Izvi akadzivirira nzvimbo batana kukosha. Rinogadzwa kudzivirira yakasiyana zvakasikwa nyika yokumadokero pamhenderekedzo Lake Baikal. Zvinosanganisira anenge kota urefu yaro - vanenge 470 km. Pribaikalskiy National Park - ndiyo akashanyira nzvimbo nzvimbo mudunhu. Of zvose hunhu hwemunhu uye omunyika imomo muna Irkutsk nharaunda chinonyanya akapfuma zvisingawanzoitiki mhando nemhuka. The paka kunopfuura 400 hectares - ndicho chikamu chikuru inochengetedzwa nzvimbo muRussia. Rinosanganisira rakamanikana kwemhenderekedzo - kubva 3 kusvika 20 km, Seaside muhomba Tazheranskaya inowanzorimwa bheseni Large uye yapera Olkhon.

reserves All uye Nat. Parks Irkutsk mudunhu dzinoratidzwa akapfuma siyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, mamwe marudzi izvo zvinowanikwa kumwe, uye naka maonero zvakasikwa. Asi ichi National Park kunokwezva vashanyi vakawanda. Heano Aya Bay uye Sandy, mi- mawere of Primorsky Ridge, kakasaririra steppes uye munyu madhamu. Panobva Angara ndiye pakukura kuSiberia chando waterfowl.

Ndezvipi reserves?

Dzimwe nzvimbo umo vari pasi kudzivirira kana chete mamwe chinokosha dzinongoitika nzvimbo dzinonzi tsvene. Vari yairambidza zvimwe zvinoitwa nevanhu chete, zvakadai kunovhima. Zvino Russia mune 70 hunhu matura yeUnited kukosha, 2 izvo dziri muna Irkutsk mudunhu. Izvi munzvimbo yakadzivirirwa vakasikwa pasina murau zvausingakwanisi, uye matura omunzvimbo kukosha angawanika mashomanana emakore zvichidzika. Vazhinji vavo zvakagadzirirwa kuponesa wandei mashoma kana pangozi, asi kune vaya vari akagadzirirwa kudzivirira rimwe chirimwa kana mhuka.

Sezvo reserves nemhuka tsvene pakati Irkutsk kudunhu zvakatangwa kuchengetedza rakasiyana hunhu Lake Baikal. Zvino nzvimbo iyi iri 2 kuchengeterwa pamusoro yeUnited kukosha - Krasny Yar uye Tofalar uye reserves Magdansky, Chaysky, Kireysky, Irkut, Boyskie marshes nevamwe.

The yakakurumbira mutambo reserves

All muna Irkutsk Region 16 hunhu hwemunhu. Pakati pavo - 2 yeUnited nemakanzuru 3, 8 nzvimbo dzakaoma uye 3 marudzi. Izvi, vamwe rakanaka guru uye vakakurumbira.

• Tofalar Federal Reserve zvakasikwa zviri 70s remakore rechimakumi maviri. Raisanganisira dzinongoitika nzizi nemakomo yaimbova Sayan Reserve Somuenzaniso, Glacier Kosurgasheva.
• Krasny Yar - kunzwisisa hunhu kuchengeterwa pamusoro yeUnited kukosha, sezvo pedyo sezvinobvira kuti chengetedza. Zviri musha Sable, mashava bheya, musk nondo, nemazizi, nemhara nemhembwe uye zvimwe zvakafanana mhuka. Kudzivirirwa shuramurove dema uye ndachena musoro kondo.
• Irkut kuchengeterwa ndokwenguva nzvimbo 30 zviuru. Ha uye akasikwa kuchengetedza nzvimbo chechikara musii.
• Reserve Boyskie doro akasikwa murwizi Boy uye anoramba nzvimbo dzomusango hoofed mhuka uye nesting shiri.
• Magdansky Reserve iri mu mudziyo wokushambidzira Magda uye Ilga nzizi. Chiripo kudzivirira mhuka dzinogarisana, zviri kukonzera zvikonzero zvinokosha kwemarudzi hove uye nesting shiri.

muzvarirwo sezvivako

On mundima Irkutsk nharaunda iri yakatarwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza, enhoroondo kana zvetsika nemagariro dzinongoitika zvinhu. Vakanzi dzinongoitika sezvivako. Pano vari 77 zvinhu. Izvi, kuti Geological zvisikwa monument - dombo nyika, rechando Sunny, Winter Fairy Cave, Arch Cape, Shaman Rock, Rock Chayachy, mumapako uye zvakawanda. Vazhinji mvura monument zvakasikwa zvinoti: karst chitubu, nyanza Heart Udi nezvikumbaridzo Okuynaki kunobva nzizi, mapopoma nezvitubu.

Complex nzvimbo monument vari shamanistic petroglyphs, matombo shaped pamusoro Han River, Sandy Bay, Kaiskiy Grove, petroglyphs kubva mapako yekare Tushamskie nemipaini masango uye nevamwe. Kuti zvivako zvakasikwa zviri mashoma chaizvo zvinomera: mvura Chestnut, Irkutsk rehapa, spruce nezvimwe kakasaririra.

Reviews

National mumapaki, mhuka tsvene uye hunhu hwemunhu ari Irkutsk nharaunda Akakwezva evashanyi nemhaka yokusiyana Lake Baikal. Wakajeka maonero zvakasikwa, mvura yakachena, mhepo yakachena uye kuvapo zvisingawanzoitiki mhando nemhuka - chinhu chiri iiswe ndangariro revashanyi pashure kushanyira nzvimbo iyi. Pasinei asi hasha okunze, shoma inodziya mazuva uye kuchitonhora mvura madziva, vashanyi vanoda nzvimbo ino. Nakidzwa kunaka nemapopoma, makomo anoputika uye kuona yekare kakasaririra inowanzorimwa vanoda ose anoda zvisikwa.