Vitim (rwizi): tsanangudzo nemifananidzo

Nzizi dzeSiberia dzinogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zviviri. Idzi ndidzo mitsetse yakawanda uye inopinda mukati mavo. Imwe yemiti mikuru yeSiberia ndeye Vitim. Iyi ndiyo inonzi right tributary yorwizi. Lena, iro, zvakare, rinosangana neGungwa reLaptev.

Nhoroondo yerwizi

Buryat nzizi Chin uye Vitimkan pamwe chete mumakomo eWestern Transbaikalia. Uye semugumisiro, p. Vitim. Rwizi rwacho rwakatanga kutanga neCossack ataman Maxim Perfiliev. Muna 1639 iye akashambira parwizi. Vitim. Uye pamuromo weRwizi. Kugomary yakatangwa kugara kwechando.

Nzvimbo

Rwizi rweVivim runopfuurira nomunharaunda yeBuryatia, Trans-Baikal Territory, Yakutia neRuwa rweIrkutsk. Nzvimbo yacho inotangira parwendo rweIrkutsk. Ipapo inopoteredza nzvimbo yeVivim. Inocheka North neSouth Muisky mapuranga. Iko Rwizi rweVivim runoyerera kupi? MuRwizi. Lena, iyo yakabatana neGungwa reLaptev.

Kutanga, Vitim inoyerera ichienda kunharaunda yeBuryatia, ipapo pamwe nemuganhu wayo neTrans-Baikal Territory uye munzvimbo dzezasi dzeNharaunda yeIrkutsk. Makiromita ekupedzisira makumi mashanu kubva kurwizi anotambanudza pamwe neSakha-Yakutia.

Tsanangudzo

Kutanga kwerwizi ndiko kunobva murwizi. Vitimkan. Nezvo izvi mupfungwa, urefu hwaVivim ndiwe 1978 km. Nzvimbo yebheseni ndeye 225,000 makiromita makiromita. Mushure mokuyerera nzizi Aldan naVilyui, Vitim ndiyo yechitatu inotora nguva refu muhombe. Lena.

Iyo yepamusoro uye yepakati inosvika iri paViimim plateau uye Stanoi Highlands. Iyi miganhu yakaderera Patomskoye kurutivi rwamavirazuva. Kubvira kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kumusha weRomanovka Vitim inoonekwa segomo rwerwizi. Mafomu anotarisa pedyo neitsuwa zviri pedyo. Mazhinji emhenderekedzo iyi kune mawere ane maitiro-ove-scree. Vitim irwizi, iyo mune dzimwe nzvimbo ine simba rakasimba.

Mushure mokuyambuka rwizi rweYuzhno-Muy, mvura inopinda mubhedheni. Uye ipapo rwizi rune makondohwe akazara-akayerera ane ruzivo rwakakura. Vitim yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri neParamama chikumbaridzo. Pasi pomugwagwa muganhu uri rapids-waterfall. Pamberi pemvura yeDelun-Oronsky, pane dzakawanda zvinokonzera maruva pasi pemvura.

Pamberi kweBodaibo, rwizi runotenderera mumupata wakaoma. Mune nzvimbo idzi kune mafashamo emvura uye asina miti. Munharaunda yezasi yeViamim River inoyerera kuburikidza neBaikal-Patom Upland. Zvishoma nezvishoma, danda racho rinowedzera uye rinova runyoro.

Mafashamo anonoka anoitika nekuda kwekunyunguduka kweminyoka uye kutsetse kwenharaunda. Mvura inonaya haina kunyatsopinza. Pakati pavo rwizi runopedza mvura zhinji, mamwe mafashamo emvura. Kutsemuka kwechando kunokonzera mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu. Munguva iyi nguva kusanganiswa kunowanikwa pamakumbo. Uhu hwakawanda hwechando hunosvika anenge mamita maviri.

Flora nemhuka

Miti yeViimim gungwa inonyanya kuumbwa nemasango e coniferous. Pamusoro penzvimbo, ziso relarch rinofadza. Munharaunda yezvimwe zvikwereti kune matsi matema emasango akavhenganiswa (fir, aspen, misidhari, nezvimwewo). Pamagomo emakomo kunomera michero yemhando yemiti, mass uye jag. Inenge makumi mana emhando yemhuka dzakamera dzinogara mumvura yeVivim. Mhuka dzakawanda dzine hutete (sable, mermine, nezvimwewo), uye mumvura - hove.

Hydrology

Maererano nehuwandu hwezvino, Rwizi rweVivim rwuri pakati pemapani uye gomo. Mvura inonyanya kunwa mvura yemvura. Ivhareji yekubudiswa kwemvura pagore inenge 1 530 mita mamita nechipiri muguta reBodaibo. Chimwe chikamu chemamiriyoni emamita mita nechipiri chinoshandiswa pamuromo werwizi. PamuRwizi. Vitim yakasununguka mafashamo. Inotanga muna May uye inoguma kusvika munaOctober. Mwedzi unobwinya zvikuru muna June. Kupera kwakadzika mumvura kunoonekwa kubvira munaMarch kusvika munaEpril. Vitim inotanga kuvhara pakutanga kweNovember. Uye kuputsa kwechando kunowanikwa muhafu yepiri yaMay, apo kunenge kwakanyanyisa mamiriro ekunze.

Kubata

Nzizi dzeSiberia dzinozivikanwa nehove dzavo. Uye chimwe chezvitubu zvakadaro ndizvo Vitim. Kune hove dzakawanda dzakasiyana murwizi:

• Bream;
• Ide;
• Sockeye salmon;
• Pike;
• Nelma;
• Roach;
• Burbot;
• Perch;
• Taymen;
• Tugun;
• Grayling.

Nokudaro, vanhu vazhinji vanokohwa kunobata hove nerwizi. Vitim inokurumbira pamapikes makuru (iwe unogona kutora mamiriyoni gumi egiramu). Uyewo pano inowanzobatwa makirogiramu mashanu taimeney. Kune vanoda kubata hove kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana (kusvika kune mazuva gumi) parutivi rwizi.

Vitim values

Pamusoro peRwizi rweViimim imwe yezvivako zvegoridhe zvakanyanya zvikuru. Iri ndiro guta reBodaibo. Dzimba dze mica uye jade dzakawanikwa mumudziyo. Uye muVivim Reserve mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana yeOron. Vitim ndiyo nzira huru yekufambisa mvura iyo iyo mitoro inotakurirwa kunzvimbo dzekumigodhi. Kutumira kunobvira chete kumusha weLuzhki. Kakawanda kwezvivako zvemagetsi emvura inorongwa pamahombekombe erwizi.