Chii chinonzi jerboa inodya murenje? Marudzi ejerboa ane tsanangudzo nemifananidzo

Chikamu chakakosha chezvisikwa ndiyo mhuka dzakapfuma kwazvo yenyika yedu. Mumasango, mapoka uye mahombekombe, hama dzedu duku dziri kurarama-dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasununguka dzine ropa. Vanoda kunyatsocherechedza ivo pachavo nekuchengetedzwa kubva kune vaparidzi. Chero munyaya iyi, chizvarwa chinotevera chichakwanisa kufungisisa mhuka yakanaka kwazvo yenyika.

Nhasi tichataurira nezve jerboa - mumwe wevamiririri vanonyanya kukuvadza kweboka guru remammalian "rodents".

Habitat

Tushchenkovye - iri mhuri yakakura kwazvo yemakwenzi; Urarame zvese pamakondinendi ose. Nenzira, mumasango, masango-masango uye masango ePalearctic. Izvi zvinoreva nzvimbo dzinotevera:

• South yeEurope.
• Asia nechokumaodzanyemba kweHimalaya, kusingaverengi Arabia Peninsula.
• North Africa kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweSahara.

Ichi chikamu chinonyatsopindura mubvunzo wekuti jerboa inorarama kupi.

Kuonekwa

Iyo jerboa iduku duku, inosvika kureba kubva 4 kusvika ku 25 masentimita (zvichienderana nemarudzi). Iine trunk duku uye muswe mirefu nemucheche. Zvinonakidza kuti muswe dzimwe nguva unoenda kuva wakareba kupfuura chitunha. Bhuroshi inoitawo basa rokutungamirira kana kusvetuka murefu - iyi ndiyo nzira inonakidza iyo mhuka inofamba.

Muti wejerboa wakananga kusvika pasi. Inonyatsooneka maziso makuru maviri uye nzeve mbiri refu. Uyezve inonakidza ndiyo meno ehutongi: nhamba yayo inoparadzaniswa kubva pamapapiro makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe, zvichienderana nemhando, asi kuwedzerwa kwemakanini kunowanikwa kune vose vamiriri vemhuri.

Mucherechedzo wemuranda unomiririrwa nehupfumi hutambo hwebhuruu - kubva pamhangura kusvika kuveige. Zvinotenderera ruvara rwevhu remhepo yakasikwa, iyo mhuka yakasarudza muupenyu. Semuenzaniso, jerboa ye steppe ichava nehuni bhuni. Ruvara rwakanyatsofanana nemuvara wevhu inowanikwa mumutsara uyu. Iyo jerboa mugwenga ichava yakatsvuka kuti iyanane nemasipera asingagumi anopfuura mberi kwekumusoro.

Nzira dzakachenjera dzakaronga nzira iyi kudzivirira mhuka duku kubva kune shiri dzinodya.

Simba uye kusimba kwejerboa

Tsanangudzo yejerboa haishamisiki kunze kwekusimudzira pfungwa kune inofadza kunze kwezvinhu.

Aya majee ane nhengo dzinotevera:

• Hind tsoka. Zvose 26 zvejerboa dzine simba rakasimba. Iko nekubatsira kwavo kuti mhuka inogona kutamba zvakanyanya uye inonakidza.
• Nzeve - huru uye yakareba, zvakajeka kubata zvese zvinonzwika zveusiya nyeredzi usiku.
• Mustache - kureba kunosvika chitsitsinho. Nhengo inonyanya kukosha yekubata yezvipfuwo zviduku zviduku.

Ndiyo nhengo dzakanyorwa pamusoro apa dzinokosha ku jerboa. Pamusana pemakanzwa nemasitadhi, mhuka duku inonzwa shato inoswedera pedyo, uye mapurisa akasimba anobatsira rudhi kuti ritizire mune mink inonaka.

Asi chiratidzo nekunhuhwirira zvakanyatsobudirira mujerboa.

Kufanana negourmet rat

Rimwe jerboa inofanirwa kushamisika zvakafanana nemunhu anonakidza anhu Ratatouille. Ari kungokurumidza, akachenjera uye zvakananga. Kutarisa hupenyu hwehutongi uyu hachisi chinhu chinonakidza pane kutarisa mufananidzo wakaisvonaka waBrad Bird.

Nenzira, tinokurudzira zvakasimba kuti munhu wose aone "Ratatouille" mune yepakutanga. Iyi firimu izere nounyoro, hunyengeri hunofadza uye zvinofadza zvekudya. Gourmets ichafara!

Anokurumidza uye anonyara kugara usiku werenje

Ichi chitsauko chinokuudza nezvehupenyu hwejerboas musango. Aya majee anoshamisa anotungamira mararamiro amamwe, funga zvaanoita:

• Kuparadzaniswa. Jerobhoa anofamba ari oga, uye anotendeuka chete kuti abereke vana.
• Pausiku ivo vakamuka, uye masikati vanozorora mink.
• Havadi kutora ngozi. Mhuka duku uye yakajeka haizombofi yakabuda kumba kwake zvisina kufanira, nokuti inoziva kuti inotyisa uye ine utsinye mhuka ipi.
• Ndivo vakagadzira zvipfeko. Iko unyanzvi hunodiwa mukuvaka pasi pevhu. Kakawanda kazhinji shamhu inosangana nevhu rakaumbwa, iro iwe haugoni kudira nechemberi. Mune mhaka iyi, inopinza inonzi frontal canines inoshandiswa. Pamuenzaniso uyu, unogona kuonazve kuti kubatana uye kwakarurama Amai Nature ndeyei.

Imba yekugara pasi

Aya makorani maduku akanaka kwazvo vavaki uye vanongoda kuvaka mink inonaka. Jerboa anovaka dzimba dzepasi pedenga achishandisa mhepo dzinopinza uye zvine simba pamberi pezhe. Vanoputsa pasi pasi pevhu, dzimwe nguva kusvika kusvika kune imwe nehafu kusvika mamita maviri akadzika. Ikoko iri kure uye kune zvipembenene zvinodziya zvejerboas. Iyo yakagadzirwa nemvere dzemakwai, pasi, moss uye mashizha akaomeswa. Imwe nyanzvi inofadza inovaka jerboa, mufananidzo wacho unopupurira izvi.

Dzimba dzejerboa dzinouya:

• Temporary.
• Constant.

Izvozvo zvekupedzisira, zvakare, zvakakamurwa kuva:

• Zuva.
• Wintering.

Nzvimbo yekugara jerboa inowedzera uye iri panzvimbo yakadzika. Iyo inogara iripo, pane zvakasiyana, yakadzika. Nzira iyo inogona kuva yakakura kusvika mamita matanhatu, zvakare, kunze kwebyara huru, iyo rodent inoita kuti mamwe matavi abve.

Ikoko kunewo zviitiko zvehupenyu hwejerboas mune vakasiyiwa mink gophers.

Zuva dormouse uye spring madzimai

Jerboa yose inoratidzwa nehubernation. Vanowira mukati maro nekutanga kwekutanga kokutanga kutonhora kwemamiriro okunze (munenge munaOctober). Vanozorora mink of rodents kwemwedzi mina. Ichokwadi, dzimwe nguva anomuka kwenguva pfupi. Sezvo mutemo, unobatanidzwa nekunaya kunopisa.

Sezvo wakarara uye wakanyora makiriji akaunganidzwa pamusoro pezhizha, jerboa yakagadzirira kubereka. Icho chiri chitubu - iyo nguva yekutamba mitambo yemakwenzi aya. Icho chinoguma nekutora mimba kwemazuva makumi maviri nemashanu. Pavhareji, inobereka 3 kusvika kumatanhatu emhuru. Kwemwedzi uye hafu makiritsi maduku anofarira kuchengetwa kwamai. Pakupera kweizvi nguva, vanobva munzvimbo dzavo dzekuzvarwa uye vanoenda kuva vanhu vakuru.

Chii chinonzi jerboa inodya murenje?

Aya majinga mashizha. Asi chinonyanya kukoshesa chinopa zvokudya zvezvibereko zvakabva. Kutaura kwechokwadi mbeu dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinobva uye midzi yemiti. Ikoko haikwanisi kuramba kubva kune mbeu inononisa yemavhodon, mavhinga uye zviyo. Kana musaradzi asina kukwanisa kuwana oasis inopa hupenyu nehuzha hwemavara usiku humwe, angave akagutsikana nezvipembenene uye maruva awo.

Chimwe chinonakidza ndechokuti jerboa hainwi mvura zvachose. Ane mazamu akakwana emiti iyo inoshandiswa kudya. Ichi chikamu chinopindura mubvunzo wekuti jerboa inodya murenje.

Vadzidzisi uye zvinhu zvepanyama zvinoparadza jerboa

Zviri pachena kuti mhuka dzinogona kuva nengozi. Bhuti rinorema rinofanira kudziviswa:

• Reptiles.
• Zvipfuwo zvepamusoro.
• Shiri dzezvipembenene (eagles nemakwenzi).

Anthropogenic chinokonzerawo simba rejerboa. Nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvepanyama nemunhu (semuenzaniso, kuvaka kwezvivakwa zvepamusoro), nzvimbo yekugara kwemakonzo inoitawo kuderera.

Izvi zvakare zvinoratidza kuti munhu anosungirwa kuverenga nemhuka dzakapoteredza nyika.

Aina ye jerboa

Maswidhi, nyoka, mapoka emhashu uye zvipembenene zvinopisa zvinowanzoita mhuka dzesango. Iyo jerboa inogarawo munzvimbo idzi.

Masayendisiti nhamba 26 dzakasiyana siyana dzemhuka idzi (apo jerboa inorarama, verenga pa). Panharaunda yenyika yedu, majee aya anogara mumakwikwi uye masikati-mahombeji ekumaodzanyemba kweSiberia. Mhando yehugaro hwavo inotorwa neAltai Territory, Transbaikalia uye kumaodzanyemba kweRepublic of Tuva.

Tichaongorora vamiririri vanofarira zvikuru vemhuri yejerboa, kusanganisira mhuka dzinogara munharaunda yeRussia. Tichakutaurirawo kuti jerboa inodyara murenje sei zvakadzama.

Long-eared jerboa

Inogara kumadokero kweChina - Xinjiang neAlanasi. Dzimwe nguva zvinowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia. Zviri pachena kuti zvinetso zvejerboa nekuchinja kwemuganhu hazvibudi.

Iyo yakareba yakareba masentimita 9, ine nzeve yakareba kwazvo uye antennae. Izvozvo zvinowanzosvika panyika. Miswe wejerboa iyi yakareba kudarika trunk, uye brashe kumucheto ine ruvara rwakakomberedza. Muvara wehuto huthena nemutsvuku wakatsvuka. Mativi uye dumbu zvakachena, uye tsvina pamuswe mutema.
Pano iwe unogona kusangana nejerboa inonakidza, uchifamba nechepamusoro peAline makomo. Ndizvo chete usiku.

Five-fingered dwarfish jerboa

Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, aifungwa semuga wega anogara muGwenga reGobi. Asi muna 1961 boka reSoviet biologist rinotungamirirwa naDanila Berman rakawana iyi mhuka iri kumaodzanyemba kweRepublic of Tuva.

Iyo jerboa yakanyanya kuduku: inosvika masendimita mashanu kusvika ku6 murefu.Muswe ndeye masentimita 8 muhukuru muhukuru. Maziso eedwarfish jerboa anowanzokakura, uye nzeve, pane zvishoma, iduku. Iyo netsoka yemakumbo ine minwe mishanu uye yakanyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka.

Five-fingered dwarfish jerboa masikati. Mink yakavakwa mukati mechando pakadzika kwakadzika. Dzimwe nguva vanogona kukwereta imwe imba kubva kune vamwe vavo veSiberia jerboa.

Chii chinonzi jerboa inodya murenje? Chinhu chinonakidza chaunoda ndeye mbeu yemapapiro uswa. Mukusavapo kweizvi zvinogutsikana nezvipembenene.

Makuru jerboa (mudenga hare)

Mumiririri mukuru wemhuri iyi yemakwenzi. Iyo yakareba inogona kusvika kusvika masentimita 26. Mhuka yacho ine miswe mirefu ine brashe yakanaka, yakagadzika yakafanana nehomwe yakadonha. Mucherechedzo wepasi hare mutsvuku mutsvuku, mumvuri weganda unowirirana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yeyo rodent.

Inozivikanwa seyoyo yakanyanya kumativi ekuchamhembe maererano nenzvimbo. Kazhinji kazhinji inogona kuwanikwa mumagwenga eKazakhstan uye kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia; Zvishoma zvishoma - pamwe nemashure ekumaodzanyemba kweKamu neOka. Kunyange vagari vomuCrimea dzimwe nguva vanocherechedza ivhu rekudenga, avo vakakwira kundodya mbeu inonaka yemashiripiti kana rye mumunda weimwe purazi iri kure.

Nyika pasi hare inofadza uye yakanaka jerboa. Mufananidzo wacho unotaura pachawo.

Jerobhoa-jumper

Iyi rodent isingaderedzi muhukuru kune nyika hare. Kureba kwayo kunosvika kubva pa19 kusvika ku 22 masentimita. Uhudzi hwejumper huri ohristo-hunofu kana huno-grey. Inodyisa mbeu, zvikamu zvemavara uye mabhuru emiti, uyewo - zvipembenene.

Habitat - steppes uye mahombekombe ejecha eCentral Asia (South-Eastern Altai neNorthern Uzbekistan). Kazhinji anogara mumakomo ari kumusoro kusvika makiromita maviri pamusoro pegungwa. Dzimwe nguva inonzi jerboa yemvura.

Imrananchik

Zvinoshamisa kuti, asi mhuka yakanaka iyi iwo jerboa. Mhuka yacho duku - inokura kusvika masendimita gumi nemaviri. Miswe, sekugara, inodarika urefu hwemuviri uye unosvika masentimita gumi nematanhatu.

Kubva kune dzimwe mhando dzose dzejerboa dzakasiyana pakuti dzinorarama mumagetsi e-clayey uye mumadhaka erenje. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva inowanikwa pane ivhu rejecha.

Izvi zvisingawanzoitiki zvinowanikwa munharaunda yeRussia. Anogara muDnieper, kumaodzanyemba kweVolga uye pedyo ne Irtysh River. Uyewo, dzimwe mhuka dzemhando idzi dzinogara mumakumbo eKazakhstan.

Chipfuwo kana usiku-mugari werenje?

Zvechokwadi, jerboa inogona kuchengetwa sechipfuwo.

Asi ivo vechokwadi vanogara mumagwenga vanofara mune cage yakakiyiwa here? Zvisikwa zvakapa jerboa nemakumbo emakumbo ane simba kuitira kuti iye atange kutamba uye kumhanyira musununguko, kutsvaka zvipembenene zvezvipembenene uye kutarisa michina ine utano yemiti (tsanangudzo yejerboa inoratidzwa pamusoro). Ari mujeri, haazokwanisi kuona zvaanoda zvepanyama. Saka, mhinduro yacho yakajeka - nzvimbo yakakodzera yekugara ye jerboa, chokwadi, ndeyemhuka dzesango.

Chokwadi chinofadza:

• Inoshanyira chete pamakumbo maviri echimakumbo.
• Kuramba kubva kune mhuka, inokurumidza kukurumidza kusvika kusvika 40 km / h.
• Chikamu chaicho chehutsanana, kwete vaviri vevakarurama! Usiku humwe, mhuka inoshamisa inofarira nezvehutu hwaro kubva pane makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu.
• Mamwe mhando dzejerboa dzakawanda kwazvo zvokuti dzinongopinda mupuni.
• Pakati pezuva, tsvimbo inodzora kutonhora kwemuviri zvakasununguka. Dzimwe nguva kuchinja kunokwana zvidigiri gumi nemashanu! Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemusiyano mukuru pakati pezuva nemasikati kutsetseka mugwenga. Somuenzaniso, muNegev (iyi iri gwenga kuMiddle East) masikati anogona kunge ari 30, uye usiku chete + 9. Ndicho chikonzero mhuka dzesango dzakashandurwa zvakakwana kune zvakanyanya kudzvinyirira kunonaya uye kutonhora.
• Mafuta akawanda anowedzera mumhuka mumuswe. Iko kuti atonge utano hwejerboa chaiyo.

Nyika yejerboa inofadza uye yakawanda. Takakurukura chikamu chiduku chezvinhu zvinofadza zvezvikara izvi zvinonakidza. Zvinhu zvakasikwa zvakakomborera jerboa nemaitiro anodiwa anovabatsira kupona mune utsinye, asi zvinoshamisa zvinonakidza nyika yerenje.