Capercaillie vulgaris: tsanangudzo, mifananidzo

Wood grouse ndechimwe chezvisikwa zvikuru zvinogara mumasango. Kurema kwayo kunosvika 5 kg. Muti wehuni wakawanda una mazita emarudzi akawanda: moss, matsi mutsvuku, maruva. Iyi shiri inobva kumhuri yepasant (boka rehuku).

Zvishoma nezvemhando yemhando yehuni

Anowiriwe capercaillie mumiririri weimwe yemarudzi makuru evanhu vane feather game. Mhando dzemaoko evanhu vakawanda dzinonzi capercaillie dzakakamurwa kuva 3 subspecies: capercaillie belohryuhiy, vanogara kumabvazuva nechepakati penyika dzeRussia; Rima riiga, inogara kumabvazuva nekumusoro kwenyika; Western European-bellied (mumasango ekumadokero kwenharaunda yenyika).

Muti wakajairika: photo, tsanangudzo

Iyo grouse ndiyo shiri huru pane ye grouse (subfamily).

Kubva kune vamwe vamiririri, ane muswe, yakawanda, uye mashenga asinganzwisisi akareba pamutsipa wake.

Mahwendefa e capercaillie masikati ane tinge yakasvibirira, ruvara rutsvuku rwakatsvuka, mapapiro pasi pemhandi akafanana ne "ndebvu." Madzimai ehuni grouse akavezwa pane variegated (musanganiswa wemapuranga-jira, makumbo-mavara, maruva-mutsvuku nemaruva machena). Uye huro hwake, chikamu chepachifu chepamusoro uye chikamu chephipi chine ruvara rutsvuku.

Imwe shiri ishiri inyoni, ukuru hwayo yakasiyana kwazvo nevarume nevakadzi. Varume vanosvika 110 cm kana kupfuura, mapapiro avo ane urefu hwe4mmmmadzi. Male musoro blackish. Neck kumucheto kumashure sehyhi-grey nemaruva emuchena, uye mberi - grey-rima. Ruvara rwemashure mutsvuku nematanda grey uye tsvuku. Chifuva chine ruvara rwebhuruu-ruvara, rutivi rwaro rwezasi rwakaputirwa nemachena uye matema mavara. Miswe mutsvuku yakasvibirira nemavhenekera emachena, mapapiro acho akaonesa. Muromo unobwinya-chena.

Kuparadzirwa, kugara

Inogara mumapuranga anozivikanwa anowanzowanzo mu coniferous, yakavhenganiswa uye yakaoma masango eEurasia.

Nenzira iyo, shiri iyi inotungamirira hupenyu hwehupenyu, asi zvinoitika kuti dzimwe nguva inogadzirisa kuenda kune dzimwe nyika.

Pane imwe nguva, miti yemiti yakawanikwa mumasango ese eEurasia, kumabvazuva kweSiberia kusvika kune Transbaikal (kumadokero chikamu). Mumakore ekuma18-20, nhamba nenzvimbo ye capercaillie yakaderera zvikuru, uye munzvimbo idzi shiri idzi dzakanyangarika. Pakati pezana remakore rechi18 muUnited Kingdom, shiri idzi dzakaparadzwa zvachose. Asi gare gare, muna 1837, huni huwandu hwehuni hwakadzoserwa zvakare kubva kuSweden uye hwakanyatsosimba midzi.

Panzvimbo dzomuRussia, nemhaka yekuderedza masango akawanda, vanhu vematanda vakatanga kutendeukira kumaodzanyemba kwenyika yacho, uye mune dzimwe nyika dziri kumaodzanyemba munzvimbo dzavo dzesango (Tula, Voronezh, Kurskaya, etc.) shiri idzi dzakanyangarika zvachose. Mukuwedzera kuRussia neSweden, vashandi vehuni vanogonawo kuwanikwa muGreece, Spain, Alps, Carpathians, muAsia Minor uye kuMiddle German makomo.

Anoda matanda mumatanda nzvimbo dzisina maturo mumatanda.

Chimiro che shiri iyi chiri kukurumidza, ichiitika zvikuru pamiti. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadzirwa nehuni.

Tsanangudzo yezviito uye tsika

Muzhizha, mutsva inoonekwa mumatanda. Panguva ino, vanobhururukira kunonyanya matema maturakiti emasango.

Munguva yakadaro, shiri idzi dzine mufambiro chaiwo: dzinogara dzichisimudza muswe wayo dzichidzikisa, dzinosimudza musoro uye dzinozvikandira, dzichifamba zvishoma nezvishoma padare.

Kazhinji huni huni panguva ino hunofarira zvikuru kuti imwe nguva inova matsi. Nokudaro zita racho: capercaillie. Mukadzi wacho, uyewo, inobhururuka kusvika kune ikozvino, uko kusangana kunowanzoitika, mushure mokunge vachisiya pamwe chete ndokupinda munzvimbo dzakawanda dzisina maturo uye dzisingadikanwi dzesango, uko kusungirirwa kwavo kuchiitika.

Rimwe boka rinowanikwa nguva nenguva rinowanikwa mumasango akavhengana uye akaoma. Vanoda shiri idzi nemabhugi emamera, ayo akafuma mumakwenzi akasiyana-siyana.

Iyo shiri inobhururuka zvikuru, inonzwika, kazhinji ichibhururuka mapapiro ayo kwazvo, uye inowanzoita ndege shomanana.

Masikati, huni huni hunopfuurira pasi, uye hunopedza husiku pamatavi emiti. Dzimwe nguva zvinonyanyisa kana dzimwe mhuka dzichioneka. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti pane dzimwe nguva huni huni hwakaedza kurwisa imbwa nezvimwe zvipfuwo zviduku (nhau dzevaNorway).

Iyo huni grouse inongwarira, inonzwa zvakanaka uye yakanaka maziso. Saka, kuitsvaga kunonzi kwakaoma.

Zvizvarwa

Chinonyanya kukosha nevana chinorara nekadzi. Dendere raanoronga pasi, kazhinji pasi pechipfuva chemasango kana miti inowira, uko mune ramangwana inoisa mazai. Masonry yakazara inowanzobatanidzwa maawa mairi ma16-16.

Mukadzi wacho pachawo anobata mazai. Anopfuurirawo kutarisira mhuka dzinoputika: dzinopisa, dzinochengetedza kubva kune zvikara.

Power supply

Mhando huru yezvokudya zvehuni mutsime mukati mechando uye zhizha zvinoputirwa nemiti, maruva akasiyana, miti yemiti, mashizha, uswa, mashizha emiti, mbeu uye zvipembenene. Muchikwata, shiri idzi dzinodyisa zvikurukuru kune zvishandisi zvemaarch, uye munguva yechando dzinoswededzwa nepruce uye pine masingano neitsvo. Chike ine chirongwa chakakosha: spiders uye zvipembenene.

Mhedziso

Imwe miti yakawanda yehuni chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuvhima vatsva. Panyaya iyi, munzvimbo dzakawanda muRussia uye kune dzimwe nyika dzenyika, yakange yava inogara isingadikanwi, uye pane imwe nzvimbo yakanyangarika zvachose, uye zviyero zvakasiyana-siyana zviri kutorwa kuti zvidzivirire mhuka idzi.

Rimwe boka rinowanikwa muRot Book Book reRussia uye neTula. Izvi zvinofanira kuyeukwa nevose vanofarira kusaka.

Nokuda kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu, hutungamiri uye chimiro cheshiri iyi munharaunda yeRussia, tsanangudzo dzakawanda uye dzakareba dzinodiwa.