Ndiani akanyora 'Hondo uye Rugare ". "Hondo uye Rugare" - mumwe yokufungidzira. Magamba enyika yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare"

Zviuru gumi mapeji akanyorwa nemaoko (nayo akapeta mumwe pamusoro perimwe 6-7 maBhaibheri), kunyange Vhoriyamu 60 mapeji typewritten mafungu drafts uye ndima unpublished anorondedzerwa zvakadzama kunzwisisa nhoroondo nguva zvakatevedzana makore 15, anopfuura 500 vatambi, vakawanda vacho vari wakavhomorwa kukuru akadzama .... Uye zvose izvi nokuda akatevedzana makore okunyatsoshanda matanhatu. Saka akaberekwa ari shasha basa Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo - bhuku "Hondo uye Rugare".

The chigadzirwa asina kunyorwa chete mweya. Munyori manually rewriting kuti yokufungidzira kasere. A disjointed Zvikamu vakanga kupatsanurwa vanopfuura gumi nevaviri nguva. Uye kunyange NdiTolstoy pachake haana nyasha rakawandisa zvisikwa zvake, "Hondo uye Rugare" - mumwe yokufungidzira iyo vakagamuchira kurumbidzwa dzakawanda nokukurumidza pashure ayo bhuku. Uye nhasi hazvina watopiwa mumitauro 40.

Ndiani akanyora "Hondo uye Rugare"?

A Mhinduro ine chete zita uye anonziwo ari munyori, vachava lackluster uye zvakajeka, uninformative. Zviri kunakidza kusimudza chifukidzo pachivande munyori munhu muupenyu hwake akanga azivikanwa munyori mukuru uye muzivi, kwete chete munyika yavo, asi kure nemiganhu yayo.

Munhau iyi, mumwe haagoni kufuratira chokwadi prelyubopytny - kuchinjwa basa muduku NdiTolstoy, Mohandas Gandhi, uyo akazova neshasha uye mutungamiri racho kuti Indian rusununguko kubvira British Empire. nzvimbo NdiTolstoy kuti pachinhu kukodzera tinorwisana zvakaipa achishandisa chisimba awana chinhu ungira mumwoyo duku Indian. Uye makore akazotevera, aikwanisa kuita Kuzadziswa pfungwa iyi zviitike.

Interesting Little Rizivikanwe Facts

NdiTolstoy aiva chaizvo yokubheja. Uyo akanyora "Hondo uye Rugare", apo pane chisingakanganwiki chiitiko umo Nicholas Rostov anorasikirwa nemari yakawanda makadhi, akarasikirwa mumwe chikuru chivakwa kwayo pamusoro Manor. Uyezve, muridzi mutsva akanga asina simbe nekukatanura marongerwo uye kuunza yake kuchamuka.

Uye NdiTolstoy inotangwa chitendero chake. Vateveri vake havana achishingaira kutsvaka kuutakura ari nyore vanhu vakawanda. The inokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero dzidziso dzakanga ruregerero, kuramba chero zvose hondo (kusvika pakuramba kuita basa rechiuto) uye tsika pakukwana.

Count NdiTolstoy pachake, chaizvoizvo akatsvaka kurarama upenyu huri nyore. Akaramba Copyright (ndiyo nguva yokutanga munhoroondo), haana kutora Nobel Prize, uye vakawanda akataura kuti anovenga mari. Chokwadi, hwakawanda huripo mufananidzo unoratidza zvakawanda nzira nyore Russian murimi mudiki, kwete mumiririri yakanatswa kwamachinda.

Kuberekwa yakakurumbira mabasa akaitwa

Zvakatanga panze diki. Kwangopera makore matatu asati aberekwa uyo akanyora "Hondo uye Rugare", zvakanga kunoshamisa kumukira pakati Decembrists. Leo, uyo aibva mumhuri anokudzwa, chaizvoizvo akakurira nyaya zviitiko izvi.

Makore akapfuura. Vamwe vadzidzi vari vakundikana kubvuta masimba dzakabvumirwa kudzokera kumisha yadzo. NdiTolstoy pamuviri kunyora nyaya kudzoka kubva pakutapwa yacho Decembrists mhuri. Maererano nechirongwa chake, rinofanira kunge uye Natasha Pierre Bezukhov. Nhasi, vari aizivikanwa kwatiri sezvo magamba enyika yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Peace".

Zvisinei, kufunga njodzi Decembrists zvikuru kutakura munyori panguva kwazvakarerekera. Uye panguva imwe chete anouya mibvunzo yakawanda: chii chakaita Majaya yakadaro apererwa sarudzo? Ndezvipi prerequisites kuti kumukira muupenyu paruzhinji? Sei kuumba unhu yemberi Decembrists?

Kuenda hungiso izvi, NdiTolstoy kuwedzera achinyatsotaurira munhau uye kumbomira nguva hondo Napoleon reRussia.

Ushande yokufungidzira

Historical kupenda, Musono nokuda Musono angasvikira mapeji yokufungidzira Lev Nikolaevich NdiTolstoy, zviri kunoyemurika. Hazvisi rudzi Blurred nechekumashure, zvakanyeverwa anovandudza mutambo protagonists. Asi, nhoroondo zviitiko akatakurirwa yaro simba parukova vatambi, zvichiita kuti vaite nzira imwe kana mumwe.

Kupinda mu nyika yomukati paumbwe mabhii avo - ndizvo zvaaida kuzadzisa NdiTolstoy. "Hondo uye Rugare" - rondedzero huru-pamwero dzakaitika panhera pasi nokurohwa ane simba hunhu yokuputsa kuwana itsva chimiro simba uye ushande.

Per Bezuhov

Above hunhu uyu munyori rakashanda kunyanya kunyatsoongorora. NdiTolstoy kuti nganonyorwa "Hondo uye Rugare" zvakazara haareururi paumbwe chimiro yemberi Decembrists. Nepano nemiedzo yakawanda, kunyanya kuoma mupfungwa zviso kusavimbika uye kusaruramisira. Zvisinei, kuti chaiva chinhu chikuru kuti munyori asingagari kusavimba zvinobvira kuchinja vane hurongwa.

Vakamira mukutanga muzvitsauko vachinyara muduku, zvino anooneka somunhu, zvakare nyore nyore kuti chero simba. Pakutanga, kunyange kushamisa, kuti munhu shamwari akadaro pamwe Andrei Bolkonsky.

Zvadaro, muverengi anotanga involuntarily tsitsi nemwoyo jaya iri. With kukura zvarongwa yokufungidzira tiri kupfuura kuda Pierre uye kutanga urombo naye. Kubva zvichangobva bumpkin anochinja kuva murume nenheyo dzakasimba. Kunyange zvazvo iye anoramba kutsvaga nzvimbo yake muupenyu, atova chinhu asi nyore kufurirwa.

Rine runyararo kupera mutsekwende Pierre Pierre anotarisa zvakatowanda kujairika kuti NdiTolstoy nguva dzose tariro. Asi usakanganwa kuti munyori akaronga kuunza nyaya kupanduka, muutapwa kwaizotevera kudzoka. Mukuwedzera, yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" by NdiTolstoy rakanyorwa munguva pfupi iri kufara akaroorwa upenyu munyori. Uye manzwiro ake aisagona zvinoratidzwa mubhuku.

Natasha Rostova

Young Natasha - pfungwa zvisingadzorwi iri ruramisirai kubva pakadzika zvakanaka simba mwoyo. Iye anopa uye kwatangwa. Uye kazhinji tiri kuona tiri nguva zvingaita sokuti, aiva zvinopfuura dzakatsarukana pabutiro chiripiripo ichi hunokodzera tsika. Zvisinei, vechidiki vanowanzotanga tanyanyisa, uye magamba enyika yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" uye naizvozvo kuzviratidza kwatiri sezvo zvechokwadi uye mupenyu, kuti tinoona madengetera avo chaiwo.

Naizvozvo, zvisinei, lightheadedness, akaridza naro aitamba utsinye, kana, somwenga saka vaida kamwe Prince Bolkonsky, Natasha anotora kudanana Anatole Kuragin uye anobvuma kutiza naye kubva nyika. Asi ichi chete nomwoyo anobvumira Natasha Rostova varambe ichi wakachena mweya kuburikidza upenyu. Iye inokurudzira wake tsitsi uye kubatsira vamwe. Uye nokuti Natasha kirasi hazvina basa. Episode, kana iye, pasina kumbozengurira, achipa ngoro kutakura vakakuvadzwa - zvinosimbisa yakajeka.

Andrey Bolkonsky

unhu ichi - ane pachake akadzikama nekuzvidzora. Zvichida mumwe munhu sokuti hakunakidzi, asi nyika yake yomukati hakuna zvishoma akapfuma kupfuura chete Pierre Pierre.

Andrew nepakati uye chinangwa. Chokwadi, sezvo dzimwe Goodies basa iri, zvinangwa zvaro yose chokurondedzera shanduko. Zvisinei, nguva imwe neimwe, kuti kutsanangura kwayo zvaunokoshesa uye nokuchiva, izvozvo anoita kukurumidza uye akanatsozvarwa.

Mukomana muchinda Bolkonsky chaizvo ikadziviswa ari kuratidzwa manzwiro avo. Zvisinei, kana tikarangarira kuti hunhu baba vake, zvinova pachena kuti akanga zvimwe asingagoni chete kuva. Uye uyo akanyora "Hondo uye Rugare", ainyatsoziva. Mushure kumumvuri Prince Nikolai Andreyevich Bolkonsky sekuru sehofisi musha Lva Tolstogo. Uye aiziva zvinhu umo gamba rake kukura. In pauduku, kuyaruka, uye munhu mukuru Andrew rinosundwa kuremekedza baba vake, aifanira kuramba akanyarara uye chengeta madengetera avo nechomumwoyo. Kunyange harina kumutadzisa kuva ake.

Pakutanga tinoona Andreya Bolkonskogo chinzvimbo chaizvo mukuru. Zvisinei, pashure hondo risingakanganwiki pamusoro Austerlitz pedyo ake ukoshi gadziriro iri zvikuru akachinjwa. Andrew anoedza adzokere kumhuri yake uye kubata, asi upenyu zvakasiyana Rinotarisira - mudzimai wake akafa yokusununguka.

Akatevera yokuchinja kunokosha muupenyu hwake aiva musangano Natashey Rostovoy. Akaona mairi zvakanga zvakavigwa - kwete kusava nemhosva zvokunze uye spontaneity, asi wakachena yepakutanga mhando uye tsitsi mwoyo. More rinotyisa akundwa kwaari kuti iye akabhadhara mwenga upombwe.

Ichokwadi kuti uzivi ake anokanganwira, NdiTolstoy anoisa ichi kunaka nokuva nenguva Andrew afa. ruregerero kwake - kunongova mutero kuchechi dzidziso kwete. Munyori anorondedzera panzvimbo ive mweya vakambovhenekerwa. Ichi zvechokwadi uye kunokukura kunzwa, izvo anopa rugare rwechokwadi.

Nikolai Rostov

Chimwe zvakanaka hunhu. Zviri nyore uye akazaruka, vakavimbika uye vakatendeseka. Uye ichi hachisi tsanangudzo nayo zvakakwana. "Hondo uye Rugare" - imwe itsva umo NdiTolstoy akaedza kuratidza makirasi vose munzanga. Asi Nikolai Rostov ichi akapoteredza - mumiriri yakanakisisa kuti akanga aona munyori vakuru uye varwi zvavo.

sleepyhead

Pakutanga iye vasundire shure kupinda mimvuri uye nzvimbo yavo munzanga, uye zvarongwa yokufungidzira. Zvisinei, kana iwe angazvinetserei kuuongorora kunyatsotevera, ipapo pachinzvimbo mwero pfumbu mbeva vachaonekwa pamberi pedu here simba zvisikwa, asingakwanisi vapandukire kuvimba nevaya pedyo naye nokuda kwomunhu mufaro.

"Hondo uye Rugare" - mumwe yokufungidzira kuti tiriverenge

"Hondo uye Rugare" NdiTolstoy kakawanda filmed. Kokutanga firimu rakabudiswa mapandi 1913. Nokuti basa iri vakatorwa unyanzvi vatungamiriri vari firimu vakapinda nyeredzi wenyika vakakurumbira. Tinofanira kubvuma, migumisiro vaiva chaizvo.

Last firimu kwadzakabva akaonekwa 2007. Izvi pamwe basa chikwata, yaisanganisira vamiririri Italy, France, Germany, Russia uye Poland. Mukuru here vakakwanisa kuratidza mudzimu yaitonga, uye hunhu.

Zvisinei, kana uchida zvechokwadi kubata kune Paaidzidzisa mabhuku nyika, dzinovabata bhuku uye kunyudza pachako munyika, kuwanika chete muverengi.