Pfupiso yebhuku "Matryona", nyaya Solzhenitsyn

Kunyange pfupiso nyaya "Matryona", rakanyorwa naAlexander Solzhenitsyn muna 1963, anokwanisa kupa muverengi pfungwa yemhuri upenyu Russian kumaruwa dzokumaruwa.

Summary "Matryona" (Introduction)

Munzira kubva Moscow, 184? Km kubva Murom uye bazi Kazan kunyange mwedzi mitanhatu pashure zvinorondedzerwa chitima vanotozvikuvadza DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA. Zvikonzero anozivikanwa chete kune narrator uye machinists.

Summary "Matryona" (Chikamu 1)

The narrator, achidzoka kubva Asia muna 1956, pashure penguva refu (kurwa, asi haana pakarepo kudzoka kubva kuhondo, akagamuchira makore 10 vari mumisasa), akawana basa panguva musha chikoro pamasvomhu mudzidzisi Russian dzokumaruwa. Kwete kuda kurarama Township yemauto "torfoprodukty" akanga achitsvaka pakona yorusvingo kusvikira farmhouse. Mumusha Talnovo roja kwakatungamirira Matrona Vasilyevna Grigoryeva, mumwe mukadzi chete makore matanhatu.

Matrona akwegura kari uye soundly avakirwa mhuri yakakura. The wakapamhama kamuri kwasviba, hwindo muhari uye tubs chinyararire "yakatsvikinyidzana" Ficus - favorite hositesi. The imba achiri mupenyu chirema katsi, negonzo, uye duku kitchenette - mapete.

Marya Vasilievna akanga achirwara, asi haana kupa urema, uye pensions kupiwa, vasina chokuita nokushanda kirasi. Papurazi akashandira basa ravo, kureva, pakanga pasina mari.

Matrona zvaidyapo pacharo uye zvokudya Ignaticha - muenzi-vadzidzisi - havaratidzi: matapiri diki uye Porridge of yakachipa pashiri bota. Chinotsva vomumusha dzakamanikidzwa kuba kubva kuvimba ravakanga vaigona kunyika. Kanenge munharaunda uye mined peat, asi veko havana kufanira kutengesa.

The Hard Upenyu Matrona yaiva zvinhu zvakasiyana: nekunhonga peat uye chakaoma stumps uye cranberries vari bogs, kumhanya kumativi mahofisi kuti zvitupa kuti mudyandigere, migodhi pakavanda uswa nembudzi, uyewo hama nevavakidzani. Asi yechando uyu kugadziridzwa upenyu zvishoma - ngatitangei chirwere uye akatanga kumubhadhara nokuda kwake lodger uye dukuduku mudyandigere. Akafara kuti ndakakwanisa kugadzira majombo itsva, nguvo kuchinja mune mutana njanji greatcoat uye kutenga bhachi idzva.

Summary "Matryona" (Chikamu 2)

Rimwe zuva mudzidzisi rakabatwa mumba dema Bearded mutana - Faddeya Grigoreva rakasvika kukumbira kwake mwanakomana-vakundwa. Zvakazozivikanwa kuti Faddeya Matrena raifanira kuroora, asi akatorwa kundorwa, uye kwemakore matatu hapana nhau kubva kwaari. Kuti Woo wake Yefim, munun'una wake (pashure ramai vake rufu mumaoko mhuri haina kuva), uye iye akaenda kuroorwa naye yakavakwa baba vavo, kwaaigara nhasi imba.

Tadhiyo vakadzoka pakutapwa, kwete hacked navo chete nekuti mukoma wake akashungurudzika. Akawana parutivi chete Matrona, akatema kari itsva, apo akanga ava kugara wake nevana vatanhatu. Kuti zvimwe Matrona, kazhinji pashure kurova akarwawo chokunyunyuta pamusoro makaro uye utsinye wake.

In Matrona Vasilevny vana vavo havana vacheche matanhatu aviga isati hondo. Yefim akaendeswa kuna hondo, uye akanga asipo.

Zvadaro panguva yayo namesake mwana zvinosimudzira hanya ndakabvunza Matrona. Kukurisa sezvo musha, Kira musikana akanga akaroora kure vakabudirira - nokuti mutyairi vechiduku musha waiva pedyo, uko dzimwe nguva iye akatuma rubatsiro. achirwadza Kazhinji, mukadzi yakasarudza bequeath chikamu kari Kira, kunyange kuverengwa matatu Matrenin hanzvadzi.

Koreshi akakumbira nhaka yake, kuti pakupedzisira kuvaka imba. Tadhiyo mukweguru aida kupa imba upenyu Matrona, kunyange zvazvo zvakanga zvakaoma kuputsa imba umo akararama kwemakore makumi mana.

Akaunganidza hama kuti nekukatanura kamuri, uye ipapo zvakare kuunganidza, kari ndiye nomukomana kuti vaviri pamwe nababa vake akavaka pachake uye vokutanga Matrona. Nepo muchigogodza demo varume, vakadzi akagadzira vodka uye tudyo.

Kana rokutakura kari pa njanji chaiyambuka akavanamatira Sled nemapuranga. Under mavhiri ane hwemvura locomotive akauraya vanhu vatatu, kusanganisira Matrona.

Summary "Matryona" (Chikamu 3)

At musha yemariro mariro chakanga chakafanana kugadzirisa nyaya. Sister Matryona, vachiungudza pamusoro uchanja vakatsanangura pfungwa dzake - vakarwira kodzero yake nhaka, uye hama yomurume wake mushakabvu vasingabvumirani nazvo. Tadhiyo usingagoni kuguta haka-ano vakakakatira achiri matanda yezvipo nokuda yokumusoro kuchivanze ake: kurasikirwa zvakanaka raiva kunaka uye zvinonyadzisa.

Kuterera Wongororo vemumusha pakati Matrona, mudzidzisi akaona kuti haana huchikanganiswa zvatinosiita kuumbwa murimi mudiki mazano nezvomufaro: kwete akabata nguruve, haana kutsvaka kuwana mbatya dzakanaka uye akavanda pasi chawo ose zvakaipa uye kuipa kwomweya. Kuchema kubva kufirwa murume nevana havana kuita zvakaipa uye dzoutsinye iye achiri kubatsira zvose pachena uye afarire zvakanaka zvose kwakaitika muupenyu hwake. Uye awana zvachose rabha zvinomera, tamba uye tsvina katsi-uye-chena mbudzi. Vose vaigara imomo, havana kuziva zvaakanga achiita uye akarurama wechokwadi, pasina izvo kwete kumira chero musha kana mumusha, kana nyika yedu.

Munyaya yake Solzhenitsyn ( "Matryona") haibatanidzi pfupiso ndataura, anonyora kuti Matrona aidavira kwazvo kunge aiva muGiriki. Asi wakatendeuka kubva kuti upenyu hwake hausi muduku dzikatsauka mitemo yetsika dzechiKristu uye tsika.