Nekurangarira mazwi: chii nechiyero?

Mune ndizvidavirire chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha uye anowanzoshandiswa okuti ndiye "mwero". kukosha kwayo Zvinozivikanwa kune nyanzvi mumunda. Vanhu vari zvakare kure nhoroondo, shoko riri ajaira nani zvechipameso uye muitiro kusonganira navo mumwe musiyano. Kazhinji mashoko, ichi ndicho musiyano kuti kunoitika pakati wakapinda uye zviwanikwa kuitwa panguva imwe nguva. Zvisinei, Economist uye akaundendi pfungwa zvakadzika zvikuru uye vakwanise. Chii akazodzikama uye kukosha kwazvakaita kuti azvidavirire nokuda zvemari Rwako musangano? Pindura mubvunzo vakapa nyaya iyi.

Matangiro uye zvinoreva izwi

Shoko yasvika mukutaura kwedu kubva Italian uye sezvariri rinoshandurwa se "vakasara", "muripo" kana "pakuverenga". Ndicho nengaidzo ari ndizvidavirire dhipatimendi, vakadzidza regumi namapfumbamwe remakore. Panguva iyoyo shoko raishandiswa senzira izwi nokuda pakuenzanisa nyaya. It rakachinja kukosha kwayo kusvikira nhasi. Kunyange zvazvo kwave kushandiswa kwakapararira matauriro. Kana yapfuura Rakashandiswsa chete imwe nyaya - kureva musiyano pakati debit uye zvikwereti zvemari, kubva pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, kushandiswa kwaro kuwedzerwa kupfuura ndizvidavirire. Nhasi shoko rinoshandiswa mupfungwa yokufananidzira, izvozvo aripo panyaya yokumwe dzaishandiswa ukama.

Nengaidzo mu chizvidavirire

Pasinei kushandiswa kwakapararira rokuti mukutaura ano, chinangwa chacho chikuru inoramba chete. Rinoshandiswa maakaundendi ari utariri zvemari iri zvebhizimisi uye inoratidza kusiyana mari zvakanyorwa pamusoro debit uye zvikwereti zvemari. Pachena Pfungwa inokosha kunzwisisa kuti yakadaro debit-zvikwereti.

Nengaidzo inogona kuumbwa kumativi maviri nhoroondo - kuruboshwe uye zvakarurama. Wokutanga ndiwo debit uye rinoratidza Parish, kana nhoroondo iri kushingaira, uye kuerera mwero, kana pusa. Kurutivi rwechipiri - chikwereti - ane pakatarisana rinoreva. Mumwe kutungamirira aumbwa musiyano pakati pavo, rinonzi "nomwero." Kana debit zvikuru chikwereti, zviri sechinhu debit uye anoratidzwa mune basa chikamu pachiyero. Kana zvishoma - kadhi nepakati (akanyorwa sezvo munataisireva). Vamwe nhoroondo vane mumwe mumwe rwayo. Uyezve, nhoroondo nepakati vawane zero, zvino zvinoratidza kuti kuvharwa. Kuwedzera debit uye zvikwereti, kune dzimwe nemarudzi mwero. Ngatimboongororai navo mberi.

Mhando mwero iri kubvunzwa zvinyorwa

The chizvidavirire miitiro anoratidza mhando inoverengeka zviyero anoti:

• debit uye chikwereti;
• vanoshingaira uye pusa;
• kutanga nekuguma.

maviri okutanga tiri kare akaongororwa. Kana yemuraudzo, zvikaitika kana mari vari nesangano yakagamuchirwa kupfuura mari yayo chakakonzerwa namaneja. In nevakomana ezvinhu, apo zveminda zviri zvishoma pane chaiko mari, yakabereka zvisingafadzi. nomwero. Pasinei nokuti musiyano anogona kunge akanaka kana kuti asina kunaka, makanyorwa munogara ndinoiitawo chiratidzo. Izvi imhaka yokuti kufungisisa zvoupfumi zvinhu dzakashandiswa nheyo kaviri kupinda, pane rumwe rutivi anotora kushanda zvakazoita nekukura pfuma kupinda nyaya, pane dzimwe - kutapudzwa.

Zvino ngationei kukurira chokuti kwokutanga nepakati ane kwakadaro uye yokupedzisira. Chokwadi chokuti kuongorora kwema iri kubvunzwa zvinyorwa vachengeterwe rwakati kumwedzi (semuenzaniso, mwedzi mumwe). By kuguma nokuvhara, uye vanoonekwa zviratidzi ose debits uye Tera, musiyano uko kune chinotevera mwedzi. Kuvhura nomwero, dzaona inobva yapfuura kushandiswa, inonzi kutanga nomwero. Hazvina kuoma kuti zvokufungidzira chii kwokupedzisira nomwero. Nhoroondo iyi nengaidzo pakupera kwenguva. Zvinonzi akatsunga Verengai pachiyero yokutanga uye turnover nokuda kwenguva pasi pakudzokorora.

muenzaniso kukarukureta

Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani zvinotaurwa nechiedzo, ngationei muenzaniso kwayo kukarukureta nyore. Tora "Content" Tab. Pakutanga romwedzi zvakanga 1,000 metres rejira (yokutanga mwero). Mune mumwe mamita 200 chakatengwa panguva Billing nguva uye vakatengesa - 600. Pakupera mwedzi, pfupiso basa kuti nhoroondo iyi. Kuvhara pachiyero kwakanga sezvinotevera: 1,000 + 200 - 600 = 600 metres. Sezvo iyi nhoroondo vanoshingaira, debit kwazvo chikwereti, zvicharangarirwa debit.

Ngatitii mumwedzi iwoyo, une chikwereti zvinyama mu uwandu 5 zviuru rubles. Azvidavirire ishandiswe "Nhoroondo kunyorerwa" pusa. Akapa iwe 4000 uye 2000 vakagamuchira kubva kwaari pamusoro inivhoyisi. Panopera mwedzi zveakaunzi vakaverenga pakuenzanisa 5 - 4 + 2 = 3000 rubles. Sezvo tichiregeredza pusa Chiyero chinhu chikwereti mwero.

Ukama Foreign Trade

In ichi chikamu zvoupfumi akashandisawo Italian shoko musiyano. Chii nengaidzo mune dzakawanda zvokutengeserana? Pano govera zviviri emarudzi ayo - ndiyo nengaidzo wezvokutengeserana uye nemwero vachibhadhara. Ngationgororei kuti izvi pfungwa zvinorevei.

Trade yemuraudzo

Hwaro vatorwa basa ekisipoti uye imupota. Musiyano pakati tsika idzi kuti kupiwa nguva uye anonzi pakuenzanisa kutengeserana. Zvinogona kunge zvakanaka (kana kunze kwenyika kupfuudza kupinzwa, zvino pane nyika akatengesa kupfuura anotenga) kana kunaka (kana paine neizvi kuitika). Munyika ezvinhu nekumwisa kupinzwa pamusoro kunze kwenyika (kunaka pakuenzanisa wezvokutengeserana) rwunoonekwa kunaka. Chikonzero chacho chiri pachena: somugumisiro akadaro mutemo chokusatongofashamidzazve mhiri zvigadzirwa, nei kutambura zvipfuwo mugadziri uye mari "funneling" kunze. Kunenge of International Monetary Fund , pane kunyange chinokosha nezve kudiwa tirambe zvokutengeserana nepakati, uye nzvimbo iyi kazhinji chinodiwa kuti issuance yemutoo wezvikwereti kuti inotaura. Zvisinei, muna America Somuenzaniso, pane neizvi mamiriro ezvinhu. Mumakore mashoma apfuura munyika iyi hunodzorwa kupinzwa, uye kunaka pakati nepakati makumi emabhiriyoni emadhora. Panyaya iyi, zvinhu woupenyu US yevanhu vanogona shanje vagere munyika dzakawanda kuti chete kutsvaka kubudirira zvakafanana.

Balance vachibhadhara

Muukama pane nguva dzose mari kubhadhara pakati inoti. Musiyano mari kubva kunze kwenyika uye kubhadhara mune nyasha dzimwe nyika anonzi pakuenzanisa pakuenzanisa vachibhadhara. Zvinoita zvakanaka kana wakagamuchira kupfuura mashizha, uye akaipa - kana zvasiyana. Mukupera Kana pane zvinoderedza yokumwe mukutsinhana reserves munyika (kana vachibhadhara dzinoitwa dzimwe mari, zvakadai Euros kana madhora). Kuti kuita kuti kushaya kudiwa rokutengesa mudzimba nhumbi dzimwe mari. Wedzerai mari anogona kuva nokuda zvikwereti Kudzikamiswa.

Balance kuti mubhadharo pakutengeserana utilities

Kubva 2012 pakutengeserana zvakawanda hwakadzama. Kudivi rimwe, iri yakanaka kuitika, asi pane dzimwe - vagari vane mibvunzo yakawanda yacho kugutsikana. Somuenzaniso, vanhu vakawanda vanoda kuziva pakuenzanisa pakutengeserana. girafu Izvi zvinoratidza pakuenzanisa pachake nhoroondo pakutanga mwedzi uyu. Kana mutengo iri zvakanaka, zvino overpayment kuti pekugara uye zvaiita mabasa, kana kunaka - chikwereti akasimuka. Muchiitiko chino, zviri vaiona yakadaro chete pashure rechi10 romwedzi zvichitevera kugarwa (yava panguva ino vagari vanosungirwa kuti muripo utilities). Nokudaro, vanhuwo vagari nezvinoda pfungwa "mwero" muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Muchiitiko chino, zviri kuonekwa mwero okutanga ari oga nhoroondo dzavo dzokugara.

mhedziso

Munyaya ino takurukura muudzame mubvunzo chii pakuenzanisa yakadiniko uye mune zvipi rinoshandiswa. Yainyanya kushandiswa pfungwa iyi zvemari mune kuongorora mashandiro ari Paanotambira uye zvekushandisa zviri sangano. Zvisinei, rinoshandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kusanganisira vokune dzimwe nyika zvokutengeserana uye kunyange dzimba uye utilities zvekutepfenyura.