Ngatimbotaura sei kuwana protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi

Ngatimbotaura sei kuwana protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi. In imwe atomu kune marudzi matatu zvokutanga nezvimedu, uye mumwe nomumwe ane chepuraimari mutariri yayo, vakawanda.

Sechivako musimboti

Kuti tinzwisise kuti kuwana protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi, zvinomiririra chaiyo echivako. Zviri chikuru atomu. Inside musimboti uri vakaronga protons uye neutrons, kunotaurwa nucleons. Inside musimboti, inoramba izvi zvinogona kupfuura mumwe.

Somuenzaniso, kuti kuwana protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi mu rehydrogen atomu zvinokosha kuziva nhamba yaro kutevedzana. Kana isu funga kuti chinhu ichi inotungamirirwa periodic ezvinhu, paro ine chimwe hwepurotoni.

The dhayamita ane mabhomba neerekitironi riri gumi-kuzviuru chikamu zvachose atomu saizi. Chinotaura unorema atomu. By kurema chinoumba mukuru chiuru nguva Verengai vose maerekitironi aripo atomu.

PARTICIPLE Characterization

Funga kuti kuwana protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi ari atomu, uye dzidza pamusoro mamiriro avo. Purotoni - ndiyo imwe zvokutanga PARTICIPLE, izvo unoenderana musimboti hydrogen atomu. uremu Its akapfuudza Erekitironi ndiyo 1836 nguva. Kuziva chairema magetsi achipfuura muitisi pamwe akafanorongerwa muchinjikwa-chikamu, achiedza zvemagetsi mutariri.

Mumwe atomu imwe nhamba protons vari musimboti iri. Ndinoramba ukoshi, inozivikanwa nemakemikari omuviri zvivako zviri maatomu akafanana izvi.

Mawanirwe protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi vari kabhoni atomu? The kutevedzana Kuwanda makemikari chinhu 6, naizvozvo, nhanhatu protons zviri musimboti. Maererano yemapuraneti muenzaniso mabhomba maumbirwo, kumativi panozogadzirika kufamba kutenderera maerekitironi matanhatu. Kuti tizive uwandu neutrons kubva ukoshi hama mabhomba guru pamusoro kabhoni (12) bvisa nhamba protons (6), tinowana neutrons matanhatu.

nhamba protons zvakafanana 26, kureva chinhu ichi ndicho yechi26 nhamba iri periodic table kuti simbi atomu.

The Nyuturoni iri electrically zvematongerwo PARTICIPLE, kusagadzikana mune akasununguka mamiriro. The Nyuturoni anokwanisa nomuzvarirwo rokuchinja kuva chokwadi mhosva hwepurotoni, emitting ane Erekitironi uye antineutrino ichi. Paavhareji hafu youpenyu maminitsi 12. Misa nhamba - ndiyo mari uwandu protons uye neutrons ari mwoyo weatomu. Ngatiedzei kufunga sei kuwana protons, neutrons uye maerekitironi vari Ion? Kana atomu panguva makemikari kudyidzana nomumwe ichocho anowana yakanaka oxidation mamiriro, uwandu protons uye neutrons mairi haina kushanduka, chete maerekitironi kunova duku.

mhedziso

Pane maonero akawanda maererano nemamiriro atomu, asi hapana mumwe wavo akanga asina musoro. shanduro asati asika Rutherford, hapana uchida tsananguro pamusoro nzvimbo mukati musimboti protons uye neutrons, uyewo vachishandisa kutenderera dzeraundi kutenderera ari maerekitironi. Pashure pakuonekwa yemapuraneti nemamiriro atomu pfungwa, vaongorori vane mukana kwete chete yokuziva uwandu zvepakutanga inoramba iri atomu, asiwo kufungidzira mumuviri uye zvemakemikari zvivako imwe namakemikari Kufananidzira.