Nhoroondo uye pfungwa caricature: chii chekare uye panguva caricature?

Caricature (rakashandurwa kubva Italian) rinoreva kuwedzeredza. Pedyo nazvo Genre muri caricature, ari zvokufananidzira uye chitsigiro.

Cartoons: chii?

Art ari dzichichinja, pane zvitsva uye itsva chimiro chayo. Caricature - zviri zvikuru refu-kumira Genre kupenda. Art kare vanoziva mbiri inokosha pfungwa, izvo zvinogona kutsanangura Genre:

1. setsa mufananidzo umo munhu kusetsa kushanda kunoitwa pachishandiswa kupamhidzira uye yokurodza dzinokosha features, uye kushandiswa zvisina kujairika afunge nzira, fananidzo uye kuenzanisa.

2. Genre Graphics, izvo mune satirical nzira zvaunoswedera chinokosha munzanga, enyika, munhau kana kutsanangura imwe mhando yevanhu.

Agamuchira mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti: "Cartoons - kureva," vachava zvinonakidza chaizvo kuziva nhoroondo uye kwakabva uri ichi gwara. Zvino kare kare.

Caricature kubva kare kwainzi inoshanda chaizvo nzira pavanoseka ake somukwikwidzi, ichijekesa kutadza kwayo. Uyezve, zvinoratidza matambudziko chairo pakati vanhu.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Kesari Napoleon Bonaparte dzinotyisa aivenga French cartoons raimiririra iye ave pfupi zvikuru-andibudire matatu hat. Mikhail Kutuzov mukuru ari mukuru mauto kunyange akarayira kusikwa rinokosha kuchiitwa mudonzvo munyaya kusikwa vanodhirowa, uye vakamuseka Corsican.

Cartoons mu pre-echimurenga Russia

In nyika yedu yose nemiitiro matsva rakagara richidudzirwa dzinobva Europe. Muzana remakore rechi19 Russian vakakwirira yakava vakajairana Genre ounyanzvi, kufanana caricature French. Kukura Genre iyi akatibvunzisisa dzakarukwa venhau. First rakabudiswa mumapepanhau kusetsa vanodhirowa, uye pasi pawo akawedzera kutsanangura anoratidzwa mune katuni. Gare gare kudiwa vakasaina akanyangarika. pavanoteka chidobi ari nani uye isingachadiwi kurondedzera mberi chii zvichireva nayo anotakura. Zvisinei, mashoko tsarist kusenza akashandisa kunyatsoomerera achitonetsekawo cartoons kukura. Chii kutarisira nezviremera, hapana chikonzero kutsanangura. Chero mufananidzo kuti bureaucrats akanzwa kutya enyika kuti, havabvumirwi kudhinda. Zvisinei, pave cartoons sechinhu Genre rwanga kusingachamisiki. Kupfuura anopedza mufananidzo ndokupfuura paruoko kuisa, uye kunyange repainted.

Asi mukuru uyewo yakatanga caricature. mabhuku akawanda zvakakomba wakasuduruka chinosetsa madhipatimendi mapeji yose. Kakawanda caricatures havana kukanganisa kudzvanya matambudziko evanhu uye zvematongerwo enyika, uye raimiririra kubudirira vemifananidzo, vatengesi vaduku uye thieving bureaucrats. Vakaitawo mukurumbira chaizvo cartoons uye kuti ave simbe musimboti guhwa kazhinji vasina kusina pakwakavakirwa. Saka, caricatures yevakadzi kugadzira ari kuita madenderedzwa, vakauya okupedzisira mugove zvakaitika.

Pakati pezana remakore rechi19 Wekutanga Russian magazini satire "Jumble" maererano kuzivisa imba yakakurumbira Artist Nevakhovich, izvo kazhinji pachayo akasika vanodhirowa kuti makamuri.

A katuni muna USSR

MuSoviet Union mabhora ose oupenyu, kusanganisira iwe, vakanga akaisa mumwe chinangwa - kurwa muvengi zvokunze, capitalism, uye tsika mari yokuvaka gutsaruzhinji. Huru misoro nokuda cartoons akava vadhakwe, usimbe, parasitism, hooliganism. Unhu aya zvakasimba kusekwa nevakawanda magazini nemapepanhau. Asi, sapamazuva hurumende ipi pevatongi, paiva uye mirayiridzo pachivande cartoons. Chii kwesimba, kusenza, ari nehanya wavabati zvemo uye Kusakwana political itsva maitiro - Ndivo mibvunzo kuti vanonyora mifananidzo vakaedza kupindura uchibatsirwa caustic vanodhirowa.

cartoons ano

Mushure Soviet Union yakaparara, zvisisadiwi uye zvose-kubva kusenza. Zvino anenge ose shinda akasvinudzwa. Asi zvikuru nevanhu vakanga enyika cartoons. Caricatures vakuru ano uye voruzhinji vakazadza ose vezvenhau. Kunyanya kwazvo vemifananidzo tichivenga mufananidzo Vladimira Zhirinovskogo. Uyewo akavhomora cartoons kuti nyaya itsva: vemhosva, oligarchs, maonero matsva enyika hondo. Zvino vanogona kuwanikwa paIndaneti.

katuni Museum

Ose Genre ounyanzvi anofanira kupira kuratidzwa kwake nomumwe. Saka, "The Merry manera" miziyamu zvinosetsa yakavhurwa Voronezh muna 2011. Its muvambi aiva akakurumbira cartoonist Ivan Anchukov. Munguva miziyamu pane zvechigarire kuratidzira, uye rusvingo pamusoro kuti zvichivimba basa wose wechiduku uye unyanzvi Artists. Mune ramangwana, I. Anchukov anoronga uvhure cartoons chikoro. Museum vashanyi vachange kuita zvakachengetedzwa, inoti mifananidzo akasiyana eras, mapepa, chinosetsa mugwagwa zviratidzo, T-shirts uye t-shirts pamwe kusetsa mifananidzo, Funny kwaziso makadhi, uyewo rakasiyana munyori wacho yokunyora nokudhirowa. Museum Musiki pamuviri uye rakatangwa yepakutanga chessboard ane caricature pairi.