Nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura mundima. Kukurukurirana mashoko ari mitsara

Text - chine vaitaura chokuita mumwe zvakunoreva uye nemitemo yomutauro. Kuwirirana mharidzo uye kwemashoko chikuru pfungwa kushandisa zvakananga mashoko, zvirungamutauro uye nokukurumidza kunogona vabatane zvidavado. Nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura mundima zvinopa chichiitwa kwerunyararo pfungwa pasina kukanganisa maumbirwo kwayo.

Mamiriro acho

The Kuronga acho, sezvo mutemo, ine zvikamu zvitatu: sumo, rondedzero mhedziso. In mutauro wokuRussia kunongova wandei rwezuva, zvichienderana nemamiriro.

1. Linear - sequential yebhuku chokwadi kana zviitiko.
2. Pavakayambukira - The acho muzvikamu, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma kutsiva mumwe pasina kukanganisa kuvimbika zvinoreva.
3. Concentric - Kuchinja kubva pane imwe pfungwa kuenda kune imwe chete kudzokera pfungwa kare akaratidza.
4. Parallel - nzira nokuenzanisa chimwe chiitiko mumwe.
5. Discrete - rondedzero ine achida kusiya munhu kuurongwa kusika chivande.
6. Ring - dzokerai muverengi kuguma chinyorwa kune avo kare akaratidza pakutanga pfungwa kuti uongorore zvakare mashoko pashure zvizere kuziva nyaya.
7. Mukupesana - rinoshandiswa anosiyanisa dzakasiyana dzenyika acho.

Uchishandisa ukama pakati mitsetse mundima, mumutsetse ndima. Zvakaparadzana zvakunoreva nemarongerwo. ndima imwe neimwe nyaya duku, ane pfungwa uye kukwana.

The Zvinoumba rugwaro akasiyana pakutaura zvekunyanyisa

Zvichienderana wokugadzira nenhumbi, nemamiriro acho angava akasiyana. Somuenzaniso, vanyori mabasa ounyanzvi kashoma vanoomerera vaitofanira grading. Art Style anotyora causal uye spatiotemporal ukama. Zvinoumba pahwaro nezverairo kuvakwa mabasa.

Magwaro ari zvesayenzi, journalistic kana bhizimisi Style inowanzopiwa kuitwa maererano nechirongwa. Somuenzaniso, achishandisa kutaura "pfungwa" rinofanira zvakajeka muronga ne nhengo dzine chinyorwa uchapupu uye goho.

Bayirai - chinyorwa chikwata

Ndima orugwaro kuti mazano. Ivo embody mumwe mutongo wakakwana, Ichibatsirwa kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro, zvivakamutauro uye syntactical ukama mashoko mumutsetse. The syntactic ukama kunobva hurongwa uye zvinorehwa nemashoko ari mutongo mamiriro. Zvivakamutauro kubatana kunosimbiswa nokushandisa conjunctions, zvisazitasingwi uye kuchinja nzira shoko. Kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro Ukama vanoumba semantics mitemo kushandisa intonation.

Kazhinji anopa mashoko, mashoko anomutsa chaiwo.

The Mhando kwokubatana mashoko ari mashoko

shoko rokuti anogona kupinda co kana omurume kubatana. Relations pakati nhengo rokuti umo shoko runotsamira rumwe, anosika imwe zvinodiwa girama. Muyanzvi shoko inofanira kuenzaniswa shanduka morphological zvatariswa huru shoko, kureva, pamwe chete nenguva, nhamba, chechikadzi uye nyaya.

Omurume ukama, umo shoko iri zvachose hunotsamira anotora chimiro chikuru mazvi kurondedzera mhando kuzvidzora "harmonization". Mashoko anoshandiswa nenzira chete nhamba, nyaya, kana mhando. Somuenzaniso: ruva rakanaka, musikana muduku, mutema bhora. Panewo haasaruri maonero rokuyananisa, apo mashoko akasiyana ndokumwewo: chiremba wangu, hana munyori. Kakawanda kupinda chibvumirano uye kupedzisa pazita racho chipauro (PARTICIPLE), zvisazitasingwi, sezviverengo.

The Office ndiyo nhamba zvinoitwa nhau, ndiko kuti, achiratidza dzidziso dzaro. Somunhu muyanzvi shoko iri kazhinji pazita kana chikamu pakutaura kuti anogona kutsiviwa naye (chipauro, PARTICIPLE). The kushanda shoko rokuti rikaita rechiito, ane dudzirachiito, kana pazita. Somuenzaniso: kuverenga pepanhau, nyama, voga baba vake.

Junction zvakakonzera chete semantics. By mhando mhesano vakaumba mitsara ine kuitika chokuti, gerunds uye adverbs, emazita anowanzoshandiswa. Somuenzaniso: kuimba yakanaka, kuda kudya, akanaka kwazvo.

Coordinative chisungo mashoko ari mutongo

Mitsara mashoko mumutsetse anogona kwakabatana chete mukati zvinoreva uye nemitemo yomutauro, uye havavimbi pane mumwe modifiable zvinhu. Words anopinda noukama hwakadaro, mune bhidha kuva homogeneous kana heterogeneous nhengo. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa panaakabatanidzwa pamwechete mibatanidzwa, contrastive uye kukamurwa ukoshi. Asyndetic akatevedzana kwakabatana chete intonation.

Pinda coordinative chisungo angava chero mukukurukurirana. Kakawanda iri mutongo nemitemo yomutauro kuzvimiririra mitsara ndezvaJehovha chete neshoko. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe nomumwe mazwi angava akasiyana nhamba uye kupararira.

Syntactic nzira yokukurukurirana mashoko ari mutongo

The zvakataurwa iri kupfuura kunzwisisa Unit nemarongerwo mutauro wokuRussia, uye ukama pakati mashoko kuitika zvakawanda mapazi ari kuroorwa. The zvakataurwa rine zvivakamutauro hwaro uye kunogona kuratidzirwa zviduku nhengo. Kubatana musoro uye Predicate ndiye anozivikanwa musiyano pakati inopa kubva okuti: predicative noukama pakati mashoko yakasanganiswa, haagoni muka.

Communication yomuka zvakataurwa pakati chikuru nhengo:

• vakaenzana - mashoko vanochinjwa panguva imwecheteyo, kuchinja mumwe anonzi Kufambisa. (Kuchinaya Autumn);
• unexpressed - Mashoko musava kufanana mumwe, vanodana juxtaposition yavo. (Baba kubasa);
• miviri - predicative rinoreva zita / chisazitasingwi (nyaya), uye ake kutaura chikamu. (Hanzvadzi akadzokera kuchikoro vakaneta).

Secondary of mutongo achava omurume Maererano zvivakamutauro hwaro, zvichiumba mitsara.

Vaitaura kuti vane nheyo maviri kana kupfuura zvivakamutauro dzinonzi yakaoma. Pakati nhengo dzavo kunogona kuitika ukama zvakaenzana kana kuzviisa pasi. Bond vari kunzwisisa mutongo rinoitwa kuburikidza nokushandisa nokubatana uye zvaanoreva.

Communication mashoko mitsara dzakaoma

Slozhnosochinennye kunzwisisa (MTP) vaitaura ichazivikanwa noku rondedzero zviitiko vakaenzana uye mawa. Zvikamu pfungwa dziri vasingatungamirirwi nemumwe uye anogona kuvapo vasisiri sezvo vaviri nyore, pasina yokurasikirwa kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mutoro. Batanidza zviviri zvivakamutauro chawo (kana pasina yechipiri nhengo) kuburikidza ekufambisa conjunctions. Kune mapoka matatu makuru: Vakagovana, unobva uye contrastive. Zita nerimwe boka kutsanangura sei kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro nzira kubatanidza zvikamu zviviri kunzwisisa mutongo.

Conjunctionless chipo (BSP) inotaurawo kuti coordinative chisungo. Siyana zvivakamutauro zvigadziko dzakaparadzaniswa dzomutauro mavanga, intonation uye zvaanoreva.

kuzviisa pasi kukurukurirana nzira mumutsetse akataurwa kwete chete mashoko. Inotevera mhando kunzwisisa mutongo anobva kuzviisa pasi mumwe kana kupfuura zvikamu mumwe. Complex mutongo (CPR) chakaumbwa mibatanidzwa mubatanidzwa mashoko, ane yakasiyana. Zvichienderana pamusoro zvavo ukoshi mhando secrete clauses (zvikonzero, nguva, nzvimbo, mamiriro ezvinhu, uye zvichingodaro. P.).

Kazhinji, kunyanya mifananidzo uye journalistic manyorerwo, pane WBS multiple clauses. pane zvakasiyana omurume kubatana mune zviitiko izvi:

• Serial - Bayirai kuvimba mumwe ari "cheni": Chikamu chokutanga wechipiri, wechitatu kubva wechipiri, etc..
• zvinofambirana - mumwe clauses akasiyana mune mhando;
• yunifomu - huru chikamu zvinosanganisira paranasal akawanda zvakafanana.

Complex nemarongerwo anogona panguva nokubatanidza coordinative chisungo (muchimiro MSP uye BSP) uye kuzviisa pasi.

Communication vaitaura

Nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura mundima dziri huviri huru: Serial uye zvakafanana. Sequential KuMasiye kunoratidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvinotevedzana anokosha pfungwa. Zviri rapfuura pfungwa anova hwaro itsva uye naizvozvo cheni. Sezvo nzira yokukurukurirana anopa, muchiitiko ichi, kungava fanano, conjunctions, zvisazitasingwi, associative uye kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro enzanirana.

Cheteyo richibatanidza pfungwa kunobva nokuenzanisa kana musiyano. Vazhinji magwaro vachishandisa yakafanana kutaurirana inozivikanwa nokushandisa mutsetse mumwe se "mashoko" nokuti kukura uye concretization nezvazvo. Kuti vabudirire parallelism, kuMudzidzisi syntactic, lexical uye morphological nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura mundima.

Lexical nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura

By lexical kutaurirana chikumbiro vanyori akarwawo kusika zvose Serial uye yakafanana nhoroondo. Muchiitiko chino, senzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura uchishandisa zvinotevera nzira.

1. Lexical repetitions - umbwa kushandisa mashoko uye nezvimiro, anokosha mubatanidzwa.
2. Words yomumwe ari Category boka.
3. Anoreva zvakafanana uye anofanana kuzvitsinhanisa.
4. Antonyms.
5. Words uye mubatanidzwa ayo mukati zvinoreva musoro kubatana (Zvisinei, ichi ndicho chikonzero, mune mhedziso uye m. P.).

Achishandisa mashoko kukurukurirana vaitaura rinonyanya kuri muna Serial nyaya.

Morphological nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura

morphological nzira yokukurukurirana kwakavakirwa kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana kutaura, anogona kusonganirana mumwe kana kupfuura vaitaura. The nezvinozoitika kuvapo chete kana zvakarurama kutevedzana mashoko.

Morphological nzira yokukurukurirana pakati vaitaura dzinoiswa sezvinotevera.

1. Mashoko omubatanidzwa, conjunctions nezvimedu rakashandiswa pakutanga mutongo.
2. Personal uye zvomuenzaniso zvisazitasingwi, izvo yatsiviwa mashoko yapfuura vaitaura.
3. Adverbs nzvimbo, nguva, ukama zvarinoreva mishoma mitongo acho.
4. Kushandiswa zvakafanana nguva anoumba yoku okuti.
5. Inosiyana kuenzanisa adverbs uye adjectives chokuita yapfuura pfungwa.

Kushandiswa zvakakodzera parallelism uye mune sequential nhoroondo.

Syntactic nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura

Nemarongerwo chisungo vaitaura mundima zvinoitwa nemaune uchishandisa imwe nzira:

• syntactic parallelism (zvakafanana shoko hurongwa uye morphological magadzirirwo);
• dzisashande kuvaka chirevo uye kunyoresa wacho yakazvimirira chairema acho;
• kushandiswa kukwana zvirevo ;
• kushandiswa yokusuma mazano, rokukwirira, isina mhinduro mibvunzo, etc.
• Inversion uye yakananga shoko kurongeka.

Nemarongerwo chisungo zvipiriso yo akasiyana zvekunyanyisa. Zvechokwadi, zvakawanda siyana uye noshamisa siyana zvinogona kuonekwa chete ingano kana nhau.

The zvinorondedzerwa nzira yokukurukurirana vaitaura mundima havasi voga zvinobvira. Zvose zvinoenderana manyorero acho uye pfungwa nemunyori. Mumabhuku hazvisi pachena miganhu - vanogona kusangana dzakasiyana-siyana zvose zvinogoneka kubatana mikana. magwaro Scientific uye mukuru-basa rine magwaro Zvinotova pachena uye muronga kuti zvinodiwa nomufungo uye spatial-nezvepanyama ukama.