Parathyroid mumasero. Parathyroid kemikari

Muviri womunhu akawandisa nhengo uye hurongwa kuti aite zvakasiyana-siyana mabasa. Vamwe vavo ndivo parathyroid mumasero. Zviri chikamu thyroid shwanu, iri zvakananga pamusoro rwemberi rusvingo mhando. Ichishanda zvakanaka mumasero izvi kunokanganisa vazhinji kwemasayendisiti kuitika mumuviri wedu. Naizvozvo nhaka mamwe mashoko pamusoro pavo, zvakakodzera kuti vose.

thyroid

Kazhinji, vanhu vane zera pane nezvinetso thyroid shwanu. Muchiitiko chino, vanachiremba kakawanda vakayambira kuti unzi munhu ropa pamusoro mahormone. Saka vanotyisa kana nyaya iyi, matambudziko angamuka kana, uye sei kuti chirwere ane thyroid shwanu? Apo thyroid shwanu riri, vanoziva zvinenge zvose - ndiro nechemberi mutsipa wemurume. Chokutanga zvinokosha kuziva kuti thyroid - a shwanu yomunyika secretion. Sezvingatarisirwa, ndiwo mugove zvinonyatsorehwa yakatarwa pakati kwemakemikari anobudiswa gadziriro, izvo rusununguko dzemuviri. Kazhinji, basa thyroid shwanu Rinobatanidzwa ne pagadzirwe mamwe mahormone kuti tirambe nechiyero mumuviri womunhu.

Thyroid akafukidza

Thyroid shwanu - ndiko, kupfuura zvose, pakati nepakati muviri, sezvo riine rokuPacific maviri yakaenzana migove, nedivi pake. The rworudyi akafukidza thyroid shwanu, uyewo kuruboshwe, zvakananga pamusoro trachea, apo rokuPacific iri nechemberi. Vamwe vanachiremba vanogona nezvemuchato pyramidal akafukidza. Pano tinofanira kutaura chinhu dzakadai Vhoriyamu thyroid shwanu. Nokuti dzimwe nguva, kana anoona zvakawandisa (wechitatu) mugove vasina nyanzvi kutaura pamusoro zvokurwara kweprostate. Asi hazvina kudaro. Hazvina kukanganisa utano hwevanhu uye ndiko kuremara kwete.

Kazhinji, thyroid wokuyera tichitarisa bhuku anofanira kutsunga chete pahwaro rokuongorora of nomazvo nyanzvi-endocrinologist, mumwe mumwe munhu. Nenzira, kumubvunza kuti kare pakutanga zviratidzo chokuita yenyu yomukati hwakanaka. Zvakaratidza kuti dambudziko pamwe thyroid shwanu anokanganisa zvakananga mafungiro uye mamiriro ezvinhu munhu chaiko. Normal kushanda shchitovidki zvinoenderana sei zvikuru payo anogamuchira zvinovaka muviri zvose zvakafanira (okisijeni, ayodhini, mapuroteni, etc.). Kana akawana kushaya pavo, kuti munhu pakarepo anova nehasha uye asingatani mwoyo. Uyewo, zvimwe uremu uye nekusagona kuderedza uremu - zviri zvakare kutyorwa pachena mune hormone pakuenzanisa thyroid shwanu. thyroid wokuyera tichitarisa inzwi dzakatemerwa munhu mumwe nomumwe. Chokutanga, chiremba vachakubvisisayi kumbotambudzika Ultrasound kuongororwa, uye chete maipa ropa kuti mahomoni.

Basa thyroid shwanu: kana zvakakosha saka kune muviri womunhu?

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kukura thyroid shwanu vari zvakananga novimba uremu munhu. Zvinokwanisika Chokwadi, agopfigira avhareji ukoshi migove: 20/20/40 mm. The kukosha Vhoriyamu nekamukwavarara achava akaenzana 4 X 5 mm. The kukura thyroid lobes panguva imwe chete richava kubva 20 kusvika 40 d Sezvineiwo, uremu thyroid shwanu ungasvika vaifanira kubva '65 Pane imwe inokosha chaizvo zvakadzama: zera uye pabonde unhu vane zvikuru zvakananga kukanganisa kukura thyroid shwanu. Old zera akazoita Vhoriyamu thyroid shwanu uye zera pakuyaruka, Ukuwo, inowedzera. Uyewo, vakadzi vane pamuviri kunomutsa kwekanguva yakawedzera Vhoriyamu shwanu. Kana chokwadi ichi anonzi ndozvakajairwa mune mubvunzo uye haagoni kurapwa kusvika pakuberekwa.

Sezvo wava pachena, ari thyroid shwanu - chikamu ari kwemakemikari anobudiswa ezvinhu nevanhu, saka kunoramba pane kwetunhu mahormone akawanda: calcitonin (a peptide kemikari), triiodothyronine uye thyroxine (ayodhini tubhokisi mahormone). Ivo waidzora hormone nengaidzo dzemuviri. mahormone izvi sei nokuumbwa masero matsva uye rufu vatana, muviri muviri. Man nguva dzose vanoda simba kurarama, kutama, idyai, hope, uye zvichingodaro. D. Kuti basa iri rinorema zvinoitwa pasi thyroid mahormone. vava kukwanisawo kuramba zvakakodzera tembiricha kuti muviri. Mental uye kwomuviri mukufamba upenyu kunoenderana kushanda thyroid mahormone. Ivo basa basa kutapata, uye ichi ndicho zvikuru zvokurwa hweHIV. Ndicho chikonzero unofanira kwete chete kuziva kupi thyroid shwanu iri (mu nguva sei pakuparwa zvisingafadzi nezvekufadza vari pamutsipa), asiwo kunzwisisa kukosha kwayo yakarurama kushanda.

Chii chinonzi parathyroid shwanu?

Kungoda kuona kwayo zvakananga kubatanidzwa akazara kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa. Kana dzose maumbirwo yose thyroid parathyroid mumasero iri rwemberi pamusoro wayo. Munhu ane mbiri mbiri yakadaro. Yeuka kuti vave kunze thyroid shwanu. nezvemarudzi maviri masero vanobatanidzwa murwiyo kwemasero aya: oxyphilous uye huru. masero aya, kureva cytoplasm dzavo dzine granules anonzi secretory. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti parathyroid shwanu - muviri kwemakemikari anobudiswa, uye upenyu, uye anoshanda panguva imwe chete zvachose tisingatungamirirwi. Naizvozvo, kamwe kutsiviwa, kana dzadzimwa havagoni. Zvikasadaro, kunyange kana ukaedza kusiya thyroid shwanu, munhu asingadi kurarama.

Dimensions parathyroid (parathyroid) shwanu, nhamba yavo uye nzvimbo

Kuumba parathyroid mumasero zvinganaka denderedzwa (mu muchimiro bhinzi kana itsvo, dzimwe nguva afanane denderedzwa, uye uri flattened), uye kukura kusvika 8 mm. Kazhinji, munhu akawana anomalies siyana iri nhamba uye nzvimbo yacho parathyroid mumasero. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba rokuongorora kuvapo kwavo chirimwa kana pakati trachea uye yegurokuro. More zvakakurumbira kuwedzera kwenhamba parathyroid mumasero. Masayendisiti pamwe navanachiremba zviitiko rakanyorwa Ndakapedza 8 uye kunyange 12 dzakabatana. The kukura parathyroid mumasero haisi zvikuru akasiyana: pakukora - 1.5-2 neMM, upamhi - 3-4 neMM, urefu - 67 mm. Kazhinji rokumusoro parathyroid shwanu zvishoma duku kupfuura pasi - uku ndiko vasingambooni chakaipa nazvo. Weight duku, zvose anouya 0,04 d Color kuti parathyroid (aizivikanwawo mukurapa) kazhinji mumasero vari yellowish mashava kana mashava rakachenuruka. Ivo dziri mune dzinonzi pachake Kamudzira, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva vanogona kubatana zvakananga thyroid shwanu. kuparadzirwa yavo kuitwa pachake bazi tsinga dzayo. Interesting chokwadi: mune vertebrates zvose nhamba yavo, chimiro uye kukura akasiyana zvikuru.

Parathyroid mumasero: marongerwo uye mashandiro

The nemamiriro parathyroid mumasero vaisanganisira zviviri masero, vanonzi "chiedza" (oxyphilous) uye "rima" (chikuru). The yokupedzisira rinowanzova zvikuru pauwandu. The chikuru ndechokuti kenza Data vari yaipiwa zvakanaka tsinga, achivabvumira zadzwai oxygen. Nhengo dzinobudisa capillaries makakomba parathyroid mumasero zvikuru. Makemikari pamusoro pavo, uyewo kuburikidza venous afoot, richiparadzirwa munyika womunhu. Chokwadi, mabasa ari parathyroid zvikuru. Asi mumwe anokosha - ndiwo mutemo phosphorus uye calcium yakawanda muviri mumuviri womunhu. Izvi zvinoitika chete nepfungwa yokuti basa riri kwetunhu mahormone zvakananga kuita parathyroid shwanu. Makemikari zvinoberekwa navo, vari nezvezvikwata zviviri:

• calcitonin - kuti lowers padanho calcium muropa;
• parathyroid kemikari - kunowedzera pamwero calcium muropa.

Kazhinji, basa racho parathyroid shwanu (rimwe zita medical) inobva nzira "dzinovaka". Muviri womunhu anoona sei zvakawanda calcium phosphorus zviri mukati. A parathyroid shwanu, pachishandiswa mashoko aya, vanogadzirisa nhamba yavo nokuda ejection imwe dose uye kunyanya kemikari.

Makemikari neve parathyroid mumasero

mumasero Parathyroid pave mahormone maviri, mukuru pakati iyo parathyrin (PTH). Pashure kushandiswa voitakura simba murau calcium mumatunhu ari mumuviri womunhu. kemikari uyu puroteni remubatanidzwa iyo, akavapindurawo, unotora sarufa, simbi uye senitrogen. Iye anomira parathyroid shwanu pasina kumbomira. Parathyrin anokurudzira kukura womunhu marangwanda. Izvi imhaka yokuti karusiyamu phosphate binders nemapurotini. Uyewo parathyrin kemikari ine vanetsane pamusoro marangwanda - mapfupa resorption nezera. Kazhinji, izvi anonzi - the normalization calcium siyana.

The mashandiro chiito parathyrin kana zvayo chikuru nemigumisiro

Chokwadi, kana kemikari ine kunonyatsobaya karusiyamu phosphate Zvinoumba muviri, unoonekwa akawanda zvikuru nhengo uye munyama, izvo rudzi nhovo huru kwaari:

1. Itsvo vanozivikanwa, vamwe karusiyamu rinobva womunhu ari weti. Izvi zvinoda murau, iri kukonzerwa kemikari parathyrin.
2. Bone rinenge: normalizes huwandu calcium mairi, saka kuti vanhu marangwanda anokwanisa kutanga uye kukura.
3. Nemudumbu: pano parathyrin kunobatsira karusiyamu kunyura.

Uyewo parathyroid omumuviri, inobereka kemikari parathyrin ane zvakananga kukanganisa kushanda masero ose muviri.

Zvirwere chokuita inoshanda emunhu ari parathyroid

Kungofanana neimwe nhengo, zvinyama kana rose wemuTesitamende womunhu, parathyroid kukwanisa kushanda nemazvo. Kazhinji ichi zvinotungamirira hypofunction kwayo kana hyperfunction, izvo zvinoita kuti pave nezvirwere zvakawanda. Dudzira chirwere ichi chinogona kuva voga kwakavakirwa panowanikwa zvimwe zviratidzo. Muchiitiko ichi unofanira kukurumidza kukumbira anokwanisa mukoti uye vanopedza pamusoro kurumbidza kwavo akakodzera kuongorora kuti miedzo zvakakodzera.

Hypofunction kuti parathyroid

The chirwere kunoratidzwa isiri chizvarwa uwandu pamusoro parathyroid kemikari parathyrin, kureva ayo kukanganisika. Kazhinji, izvi zvinogona kuonekwa kare maererano kugunun'una murwere kuti chiveve muruoko wamativi, chills, tsandanyama chinyamunhari chinorwadza, pfava zvipikiri, bvudzi uye zvakawanda. Chiremba anoongorora munhu, kureva thyroid ake unogadza zvakakwana kuverenga ropa, muedzo mahormone, urinalysis, unonzi, electrocardiograph ropa. Kazhinji, muzvidzidzo izvi kwave kuchinja kukuru, izvo zvichaita kuti mamwe mhedziso uye kuona zvakakodzera zvikuru kurapwa.

Hyperfunction of parathyroid shwanu

chirwere kwakadaro zvichiguma yepamusoro kugadzirwa parathyrin kuti zvakananga kubudisa parathyroid shwanu. Makemikari iyi mhando (yavo yakasara) anogona kukanganisa zvomudumbu turakiti womunhu, kumuita pfupa fragility uye kurwadziwa mapfundo, zvakabaya musana uye rumbabvu keji, kutungamirira kushatirwa uye kuora mwoyo. Dzimwe nguva zvakawandisa calcium kunotungamirira kuchinja mubasa neitsvo. Saka kana uine pamusoro zviratidzo hwobva bvunza ive endocrinologist kuti zvakakodzera kurapwa. Uye kuti asimbise hyperfunction parathyroid anowanzonzi basa US, X-ray, ropa kemisitiri. Pachishandiswa zvidzidzo izvi chiremba anokwanisa kuita zvakarurama kuongorora chirwere.

Mabatirwo zvirwere zviri parathyroid

Chokwadi, hypofunction kuti parathyroid akaonekwa nyore zvikuru uye nyore kubatwa. Zvakafanira pamagumo chete normalize ari karusiyamu phosphate Kuronga muviri achishandisa uchirapwa nemimwe mishonga, anokosha zvokudya, risina parinogumira vari zuva kwenguva nani Absorção de Água calcium. Treatment hyperfunction parathyroid zvinogoneka chete kuburikidza kuvhiyiwa. Zvino kare vakagadzwa chaiyo kurapa zvivako.

Matanho parathyroid chirwere

Sezvo wava pachena, ari thyroid uye parathyroid mumasero chaizvo chaizvo zvakabatana. Saka, basa ravo, uye zvinetso mairi, vane zvakananga kukanganisa mumwe. Kuti miviri izvi yomunyika secretion mumuviri wako kumboita chero matambudziko, edza kuita kuti kudzivirira thyroid Ultrasound kanenge 1 nguva pagore. Chero nomazvo nyanzvi, achizivisa kuduku kuchinja mairi, ichakupa dzimwe ongororo kuti asava pathologies siyana.

Nzwisisa kuti chakaipa nokushanda chero nhengo kana maitiro mumuviri kunoenderana nzira yaro muupenyu. Sezvo achidya zvakanaka uye akanaka, iye anotungamirira kushingaira mararamiro kana kwete uye kupfuura. Naizvozvo, tarisai utano hwako, kuitisa uchiongororwa uye nenguva anoreva n'anga zvikuru vanokwanisa.