Passiflora dzinodyiwa: Zvinoumba kurimwa uye mapikicha

Passionflower chinhu passifloraceae mhuri uye anoshandisa vanopfuura 500 marudzi, rimwe riri dzinodyiwa passionflower - refu miti yakasvibira muzambiringa tsvarakadenga yepakutanga ruvara, kuchikutadzisa Russian remadunhu- "Cavaliers nyeredzi" nemhaka kwokunze Kufanana pamwe Order.

History of kuwanikwa ruva

Kumusha Mhando dzakawanda kuchiva muchero - uye zvishoma Akaongorora dzinopisa Masango South America, uye dzimwe mhando maruva zvinowanikwa Asia neMadagascar. Europe zvakazivikanwa kuziva chirimwa ichi chete pashure pokukundwa yeNyika Itsva.

Flower passionflower ane kunzwisisa uye yepakutanga marongerwo - pamusoro petals ndiye "korona", zvinosanganisira pachikero refu, nokuti icho pane Stamens guru. Kunyange yepamusoro pistil kunongedza 3 (ona. The Photo Passiflora dzinodyiwa). Nokuda kwaizvozvi pakuonekwa mamishinari vakauya America, uye Catholic Church akaona ruva korona yeminzwa naKristu uye tarambidzwa kuridzidza. tsananguro rokutanga Passiflora akaitwa chete muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri.

tsananguro zvoutachiona

Izvi chirimwa perennial vanogona kukura 3-4 metres urefu, rinopa mabukira refu kwazvo, matavi anotandira vakabatirira kushandisa kuti rutsigiro. Mashizha yakakura, iine 3-5 lobes. Chibereko kuchiva muchero manune bheri-seeded, zvose dzinodyiwa mhando Passiflora kubva ikoko 60, vakawanda vavo kunyange akura sezvo miti yemichero.

Kupfuura nomukurumbira uye dzakakurumbira mhando dzinodyiwa kuti chido muchero:

• Passionfruit.
• Granadilla.
• Maestro.
• Galaxy and said.

Content uye kutarisira miti

Dzinodyiwa passionflower (kana chido muchero) rinoreva kukura mizambiringa, izvo zvinogona usimwe pakachena muvhu, uye mamiriro ezvinhu eimba. Mukuru zvimiso vakabudirira kukura - zvakakwana chiedza, saka haugoni kukura mumumvuri kana pasi pomuti rinorema kanopi.

Optimum tembiricha kukura: 18 + ... + 24 C, pane imwe yepamusoro mashizha dzinotanga kutendeuka yeyero vooma, zvinoderedza uwandu namabukira, inobvira rufu chirimwa. Muchando wakaderera nguva, izvozvo akaramba pa +12 ... + 18? C.

Ivhu kushandiswa Passiflora lightweight, nemhepo tsime, nokuti icho akawedzera jecha kana peat.

Flower zvinoda kakawanda achidiridzira munguva kukura uye maruva (kubva muchirimo kusvika mukupera kwematsutso), ivhu vanofanira nguva dzose kuva zvishoma manyoro muzhizha wakadiridzwa ose rimwe zuva.
Munguva yechando wakaderera nguva achidiridzira kunoitwa kamwe pavhiki kana kunyange nezvahwo. Passion vachirayira mumhepo mwando muzhizha anofanira kazhinji kuti sprayed, saka hazvibviri rezuva mwaranzi kuburikidza madonhwe vakapisa mashizha.

Kuberekesa zvinomera zviri kuita kaviri pamwedzi, achishandisa kunzwisisa chicherwa musanganiswa. Unogona kushandisa rimwe mvura fetiraiza kuti maruva, asi rakasanganiswa hafu.

Passion havagoni kushivirira drafts, asi anofarira kugara airing. Kana kudyara vanofanira kufungawo kuvapo backwater pairi muzambiringa kukura. Chirimwa anofanira kakawanda kuchekwa, kunyanya pashure maruva awo, izvo vabviswa chose. Spring kuti Kubvisa 1/3 urefu t. To. Maruva pachaiswa chete nhungirwa itsva.

Kubereka kuti chido muchero kuchekwa

Dzinodyiwa passionflower inogona inoparadzirwa nenzira dzakawanda, nyore iyo - achibatsirwa kusonanidzwa. Apical kuchekwa vane itsvo yezhizha chekawo kuti kureba masendimita 10, uye ipapo midzi muvhu noushamwari kamuri (20 + ... + 25? C). Achigadzirira ivhu musanganiswa kutora achiwana pasi jira mugove 3, 2 - manyowa, 2 - turf, 1 - jecha.

Pakarepo asati pakudyara akaitira kornevinom, ipapo poto wakafukidzwa kuchekwa firimu nokuda 1 mwedzi, cheka dzomuShoko. Cheka anogona kuiswa mvura, achiwedzera chimedu marasha 1.5-2 mwedzi. Midzi vanofanira kuonekwa, asi mvura haigoni kuchinjwa.

Munguva mumwaka wokukura unogona kuita chokuwanziridza ndebvu.

Kubereka passionflower mbeu

Propagation achishandisa mbeu - refu muitiro kupfuura kuchekwa. Uyezve, kazhinji mbeu imere havaratidzi nokuda kuchengetera kwenguva refu (dzimwe nguva yakawanda). With nzira iyi unofanira kucherechedza zvimwe mitemo:

• kurimwa kuchiva muchero dzinodyiwa mbeu anotanga muna February;
• potting ivhu asati pakudyara anofanira disinfected: furaya muchoto kwemaminitsi 10. pa 200 C?;
• mbeu yakawira muvhu kuti kudzika 1 cm. The mudziyo akabva yakafukidzwa firimu kana negirazi, mukamuri tembiricha vanofanira kuva 22 + ... + 24? C. Kana tanga mashizha kuonekwa kuti Sarudza kupinda munhu makate imwe dhayamita kupfuura 7 cm;
• Passiflora mbeu dzinodyiwa vane zvakaoma goko, saka kupfavisa nayo kuti scarification - zvishoma varikwizire navo sandpaper kumativi ose;
• ipapo akaramba mbeu zuva mumukaka kana muto mhinduro kuti maranjisi (ndimu kana orenji);
• chete ipapo vari vakasimwa mudziyo kana peat nemikombe;
• vanofanira nezuva kuti fefetedza mugaba kuti firimu yabviswa kuti 5 min.
• yakakanyiwa ivhu sezvo nokuomesa achishandisa spraying;
• achangopera mabukira, firimu yabviswa, uye mudziyo inofanira vakatamira kunzvimbo ine chiedza chakanaka.

Planting uye maruva passionflower

Chirimwa chinhu perennial, izvozvo kuisirwa kuita kamwe pagore chitubu nguva. Kana kudyara chiduku chirimwa rokutanga gore inofanira kufukidzwa nokuda 2 weeks magirazi chirongo. Mugore rokutanga gore Yakaumbwa hwaro ramangwana passionflower yemizambiringa, kuwedzera huru mabukira, yemanyorero kusvika 1.5 m. In iyi, izvozvo hazvo vanoda kutsigirwa kuti tiwane nzvimbo.

Autumn kana kutonhora kunotangira pazasi 15? C, chirimwa kuunzwa kuti nzvimbo apo zvinokwanisika kuramba tembiricha +13 ... + 16? C. Kana kamuri ropisa, muzambiringa anotanga kuenda mhazha uye kurasikirwa mashizha.

Nokuti rechipiri gore muchirimo anofanira kuchekerera kuti nhungirwa refu regore rakapera chetatu pakureba, vakapiwa kuti maruva kutora kuoneka nhungirwa itsva. Passionflower Anotumbuka zvinenge zvose zhizha mwaka kubva June kuna October, asi mumwe ruva upenyu chete 1 zuva.

Michero mukamuri ezvinhu akaoma. Kuti tiwane imwe, unofanira kuva zvishoma 2 mumwe mhando, kuti ndiye. To. Ivo muchinjikwa mukume. Nokuda zvakasiyana maruva aya zvinomera, pollination zvinogona kuitika. Zvibereko zvakasiyana yemiti kazhinji vakuru mukati 2-3.5 mwedzi.

Funga siyana akasiyana dzinodyiwa passionflower.

mhando passionflower

Passion muchero huchidyiwa passionflower kana Granadilla (Passiflora edulis) - vakawanda chimiro, ndiko kumusha kuUruguay, Brazil, Argentina. In netsika inokura kuti 5-8 metres, ine matte-lobed matatu mashizha. Pane akasiyana vaviri payo muchero yeyero uye Violet. Maruva yakakura chaizvo (6-8 cm) ane chiedza-rwehute, uye zvibereko zviri kumativi kusvika 6 cm. Kubva pavo kugadzirira kunwa uye zvihwitsi, akawedzera kuti tii.

Passionflower mabhanana kana nyoro (Passiflora mollissima) - zvakasikwa inokura muBolivia, Colombia uye Venezuela. maruva Pink kusvika masendimita 12, zvibereko emit pemhino. Of kwemarudzi ose mabhanana passionflower kupfuura chando nemishonga, unobereka zvibereko rokutanga gore.

Passion dzinodyiwa Galaxy - a perennial kukwira chirimwa, mizambiringa vachikura 4,5 mamita urefu, ruva kukura kusvika masendimita 12 chena uye pingi. Fruits vari brownish-tsvuku, vane pemhino.

Kudeuka Ukuru muchero uye chokumisa urefu - Passion tetrahedral (Passiflora quadrangularis) - inokura kusvika 15 M pakureba, maruva zvakare guru, masendimita diameters kusvika masendimita 15, muchero guru denderedzwa kusvika 30 ave gobvu svuura, uye mukati - zvinozipa manune pulp . Pakati mapazi muti yakadaro inogona kukura chete girinihausi ezvinhu.

Passiflora dzinodyiwa Maestro - mumwe zvikuru nevanhu uye zvikuru kushandiswa mhando Russian, iro rave zvinobudirira kushandiswa Chikwata kukura mumba uye panze.

Apple-Passion ruva (Passiflora maliformis) kana Passiflora Maliformis -. Climber aine muti hunde kureba kusvika 10 M zvibereko Vayo vane saizi kusvika 5 cm ane anonhuhwirira inotapira nyama ndachena kana akacheneruka Orange ruvara pamwe mbeu dema. The pulp akashandiswa zvaAtemisi hwahwa. Kumhara kwazvakaita ichi akura muBrazil uye Ecuador chibereko dzinodyiwa.

Zvirwere uye tupukanana passionflower

Passiflora dzinodyiwa vangave kutambura kurwisa dandemutande mites, inda dzemuriwo, mealybugs uye whiteflies. Anogona kudzivirira chirimwa uchishandisa "fitoverm" kana "Akhtar" kuparadza mealybugs anoshandiswa kugadzirira ane cypermethrin ( "Arriva", "Intal sup").

Zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa chirimwa - mudzi kuora, mushakabvu nenyunje, mhete uye mashava gwapa, panofunuka, nenyunje, zvikuru kashoma - yellow wezvidimbu utachiwana. Kurapa hosha miti kashoma anoshanda, saka anofanira kuparadzwa pamwe muhari.

Semushonga kuti chido muchero

Dzimwe passionflower uye yakakosha kuchirapa ukoshi. The vaInca vekare vaishandisa passionflower sezvo kunyaradza tii. Huru hunorapa zvazviri Passiflora - munhu kunyaradza, kuvandudza uye nguva kurara pasina nemigumisiro. Chirimwa chinoshandiswa kurapa huta zvirwere Hurongwa, zvinobatsira pamwe hope, mwoyo, pfari, uye vamwe.

Uyewo, mishonga kubva chirimwa ichi ane antispasmodic, Anti-anogumbura, anticonvulsant uye marwadzo zvazviri, kunonatsiridza ndangariro, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye potency. Chimwe yakasiyana mugumisiro Passiflora - muripo kuitwa amphetamine - kushandiswa achibudirira zvikuru kurapa kushandisa zvinodhaka uye doro.

The chinokosha panyaya mushonga mhando - inkarnata Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata), kana apirikoti, inokura kuva muzambiringa refu kwazvo kusvika 10 metres maruva inopenya dzepepuru uye michero vane ndimu nomumvuri Ukuru puramu, kuravidza rinotapira uye yakashapa .. Ground zvikamu izvozvo zvakaitwa mushonga "passionflower mushoma", akaita Anyarara chaizvoizvo akaratidza kuti zvirwere huta uye zvemwoyo nehurongwa. Zvibereko vane anonakidza munhuhwi, kufanana nokunhuhwira lilacs.

Muchishandisa chido zvokudya

In nyika yedu zvibereko dzinodyiwa chido muchero (chido muchero uye dzimwe mhando) anogona chete kuwanika zvokuwedzera kusvika yogati, aizikirimu kana muto. Very isingawanzowanikwi chidimbu muchero anogona kuwanikwa wemisanganiswa pamusoro dzinopisa teas.

The pulp muchero uye rinonaka inotapira, kumba uye kurishandisa kwakafumuka chimiro, vachisanganisa ne shuga nemvura uye achigadzirira mumigwagwa yakawandisa motokari, jellies uye sherbets. Kazhinji zvipenga muchero inowedzerwa Curd zvokuseredzera nemakeke.

Sweet muto uye jamhu zvinogona kushandiswa pakunyora nyama uye hove nezvirongo, zvakanakisisa ravira muchero pamwe nzungu, maapuro, nekinamoni uye peya.

Zvisinei, ngwarira inofanira kushandiswa, sezvo mune dzimwe mhando (semuenzaniso, Azure passionflower) rine chikamu chiduku cyanide mune dzimwe - .. Usina Simba zvine chepfu utano hwevanhu.