PPA - ndiko ... Municipal pamutemo mabasa. mhando PPA

The Russian pamutemo hurongwa, kusiyana anopa murayiro guru chaizvo. Asi inobva kwakadaro chinhu sechinhu chiito chepamutemo. Ndezvipi chaizvo mabhuku avo, uye chii vari mhando date manyuko mutemo? Zvinoita kududzira rokuti PPA nenzira dzakasiyana? Chii?

The Tsika Zvakaonekwa yezvakaita PPA

Vamwe magweta tenda hwokufananidzira zvinotevera tsanangudzo rokuti "chiito pamutemo". Zviri gwaro iri kunyora kuti unogamuchirwa pasi mutemo (muviri mamiriro, sechivako yeko kana nesangano zvakananga nevanhu) kuti kutaura zvinorayirwa nehurumende uye mitemo ukama munzanga.

The chikuru pfuma mabasa pamutemo (kana rakapfupikiswa sezvo PPA) - Iyi normative. Uyewo, mabhuku aya rusununguko yacho haisi pasi nharo Mvumo.

Chiratidzo nesayenzi yezvakaita PPA

Enyanzvi zvemitemo takatenda kuti NPA - iri gwaro rakanyorwa kuti anoratidza kuda pamutemo nhengo nehurumende, maererano kugadzwa, kuchinja kana Kudzimwa zvimwe mitemo mutemo (mitemo aitofanira, vari pasi vakawanda kushandiswa).

Official NPA Zvakaonekwa hunhu

Mumhuri ine vehurumende vanoshandisa tsanangudzo dzakasiyana-siyana ivhu kuti kunotova pamutemo. Mumwe wavo, PPA - chiito ine pamutemo dzemunharaunda uye kugadzwa, yakaitirwa kuti kwenguva refu (kazhinji) vanoshandisa uye kuparadzirwa nokusingaperi (kana guru kwazvo) nhamba vanhu.

Supreme Court of Russian Federation muna rimwe plenums uyewo akapa tsanangudzo PPA. Maererano kuvatongi, mabasa zviremera mvumo kana machinda kuti akaisa pamutemo dzemunharaunda kana mitemo mufambiro yakanyorerwa kutaurwa vanhu uye pasi kudzokororwa kushandiswa, zvisinei kuvapo kana kusavapo pamutemo ukama kudzorwa chiito, akaziva pamutemo uye pamutemo.

kupatsanura pakati PPA

Kune mhando akasiyana PPA. Zvikonzero classifications dzavo mashoma. Mumwe wavo zvinoenderana sei pamutemo pamusoro penyaya anenge, akapa mutemo (kubata mutemo-making). , The hurongwa yemirau, vakagamuchirwa mu Russia inosanganisira zvinotevera kupatsanura kunobva mumutemo nzira dzekuziva mu mubvunzo:

• It anoita miviri ehurumende (akamiririra Russian Government dzakapoteredza kana matunhu neminisiparati Zvivako nevarikutonga simba).
• Wakaisa ichi mitemo wakabudiswa paruzhinji neshamwari (uye makambani).
• mitemo iyi vagari (izvo hurumende masangano muzvizivise, vakabatana, Somuenzaniso, makambani).
• It manyuko mutemo, nevamwe referendamu kubudikidza zvakananga kuvhota vanhu.

Mhando PPA dzingasiyana-siyana nokuda jogirafi kushanda. Pane yeUnited normative pamutemo mabasa vanotongwa zvinotisimbisa nomurayiro uyewo mitemo nekanzuru makanzuru, uye nemakanzuru zviito (chepamusoro, nesangano pamwero). Chimwe hwaro pamusoro kupatsanura pakati PPA - nguva ukoshi. Kune zvinyorwa, kururama kwemashoko iyo haina kunotsanangurwa, uye varipo duku manyuko mutemo.

NPA uye mabasa kushandiswa mutemo

Vamwe magweta kusiyanisa pakati pfungwa PPA neyokuti chinhu sezvo chiito kushandiswa mutemo. Kusiyana magwaro maviri anogona kuva zvinotevera nuances.

• Chokutanga, mirayiro zvakagadzirirwa nezvekumwe utariri, panongova kakawanda magariro pabonde. MABASA kodzero kutarisira chimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kusika muenzaniso. Muenzaniso - the Civil Code of Russian Federation - ndiye PPA, uye chisarudzo maererano kugadzwa meya hofisi kukonzera nyaya greening guta - kuita kushandisa mutemo.
• Chechipiri, zvinokosha kuti uyo chimwe chinotungamirwa kunobva mutemo.

Normative-pamutemo mabasa, sezvo mutemo, kwete munhu. Vari anotaurirwa kuti nokusingagumi nhamba yevanhu. kodzero kushandisa mabasa vari nomumwe vaifarira. PPA anogona kumisa, kuchinja kana kudzima mutemo. kushandisa Act kodzero asina ehupfumi yakadaro. Zvinogona kuva chikamu vatevedzere kwacho, chokuita zvinodiwa normative-pamutemo mabasa.

NPA uye non-normative mumatare mabasa

Dzimwe nyanzvi kuti zvakakodzera kusiyanisa pakati Dzidziso NAP uye "non-normative pamutemo mabasa." Nzira ndeinotevera. Normative Chiito - mugumisiro zvemitemo basa nezviremera namachinda. Vane mitemo uye dzemunharaunda pamusoro kwairayirwa hunhu, kwete munhu zvichienderana, yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pamusoro kwenguva. Non-normative mabasa dzisina chinhu zvezviratidzo izvi. Mumwe zvinobvira tsanangudzo dzavo - "zvokudya, zvaasingakwanisi nguva uye akataura zvakananga nyaya."

Panguva iyoyo zvinonzi vaidavira kuti kuipa mabasa vari yakasimba uye akaisa inonzwisisika urongwa chaiyo yepamutemo mubairo weimwe munhu kana boka. GIC RF rine urongwa iro munhu, tichifunga kuti non-normative pamutemo chiito wakabudiswa pamusoro pake, anotyora misimboti kodzero dzevanhu nerusununguko, anogona vangakakavara ayo sungiro rakauya maererano zviri chiito.

Kwakaita kushanda mitemo yeUnited

Mumwe kiyi mhando yeUnited NPA mu Russia - mitemo. Izvi pamutemo, sezvo dzimwe magweta vari mibvunzo inotevera inokosha:

• Kuzadziswa kodzero, rusununguko uye mitoro vemo, kuchengeteka kwavo;
• kumisa tsika pamutemo basa vomuUmambo yezviito zvakasiyana.

Nokuti mutemo waJehovha Federal Mutemo mibvunzo batana ukama. Izvi basa democratic pezvakaitwa (sarudzo panguva dzakasiyana-siyana mumatunhu, referenda).

The dzepamutemo mabasa Russian Federation panguva yeUnited pamwero ndivo mhosva ratification kana kwokupa mhosva zvibvumirano chasainwa Russia nevamwe anoti. Mitemo Federal chengetedza fiscal mutemo, mitero mabasa. FL - Magwaro mitemo chokuita National Security uye uto negwaro. Panguva yeUnited pamwero mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro kururamisira hurongwa, mushonga dzevagari kukakavadzana, kuyananisa basa, magweta. Federal mitemo zvakagadzirirwa waidzora nharaunda dzakasiyana upenyu paruzhinji uye chivakwa mamiriro. Pane mashoko Federal Mutemo "On Joint Stock Companies", pane zvakafanana chiito yokudzora basa Company. Vamwe magweta kubvuma kupatsanura pakati FL kupinda mhando mbiri - magetsi mirau waitaura zvaifanira kuitwa.

The Constitution - aite chepamusoro repamutemo simba

Huru Russian NPA - ndiye Constitution. Ane mukuru zviri pamutemo simba. Uyu kunobva mutemo rusununguko constituent hunhu: mirayiridzo mitemo zviri remitemo, ndivo hwaro zvachose zvose zvimwe zviri pamutemo zviito wakabudiswa Russia. Rinobudisa panobva mutemo hakuna mumwe kupfuura vanhu Russian. The Constitution - kwete chete gwaro pamutemo chinokosha. Izvi ndizvo nheyo kiyi munzanga uye enyika kwendangariro. Kunoratidza evanhu cohesion vanhu, chimwe nechimwe angava enyika zvachose akasiyana kufarira. The Constitution of Russian Federation vari wakaiswa anokosha zviri hurumende, sechivako hurumende, ukama pakati vanhu uye nyika socio-masangano ezvematongerwo enyika.

The chaizvo kwemitemo Rinoongorora Kutevedzerwa kweBumbiro Romutemo

A subspecies of Federal Mutemo - Constitutional Law. Vane zvimwe unhu. Mitemo iyi vakaitwa kuti chinangwa pamutemo muitiro, icho zvakajeka Constitution. Pakati pavo, Somuenzaniso, mamiriro kiyi ehurumende masangano. mabasa avo nokudzorwa mitemo mubumbiro - "On Hurumende", "On Constitutional Court", uye zvakafanana. Pane mabasa ayo waidzora nhanganyaya kana kukanzura chinzvimbo, kukanganisa mwero wehurumende changamire. Pakati pevaya mutemo pamusoro pakatanga mutemo wechiuto. Mitemo Russian Rinoongorora Kutevedzerwa kweBumbiro Romutemo akatanga mitemo pamusoro yaiona uye enyika nemamiriro nyika, havatsananguri mitemo vatambi vatsva vanogona kubatwa Federation. The epamutemo simba mitemo mubumbiro wakakwirira kupfuura zvavo yeUnited (pasi Article 76 reMitemo). mabasa aya vanogamuchirwa vasingaiti kuti. Somuenzaniso, hunotsigira kuti kana kugadzirisa mutemo yepamutemo, kuvhota "nokuti" hazvifaniri asingasviki 60% of nhengo Federation Council uye kanenge-zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu State Duma wevatariri.

Mitemo Federation

Imwe neimwe RF nyaya - zvingava zvionera nharaunda, ndima, nharaunda kana zvokuvhoterwa - vane kodzero kuti ape mitemo yavo pachavo. Mabasa akadaro normative nomutemo vanogamuchirwa zvemitemo kana mumiririri muviri yenyaya (kazhinji, ndiko mamiriro kanzuru). Acts nekanzuru vatariri Federation, akaronga waidzora zvine chokuita kiyi nzvimbo evanhu ezvematongerwo enyika uye zvoupfumi yacho nharaunda.

The chikuru chokuratidza - zvaidiwa Russian bumbiro rokunyora mimwe mitemo uye vamwe, wakakwidzwa pamutemo simba PPA. Muenzaniso: kune Federal Mutemo "On mukuru Misimboti omunzvimbo kuzvitonga." Mitemo ushandiswe mariri, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa iri paumbwe pamutemo kuumbwa chokuita basa Federation of makanzuru. Kana, muti, mamiriro reRepublic of Tatarstan Council vave mutemo wayo pamusoro dzomunzvimbo kuzvitonga, mitemo zviri mukati havafaniri kupikisana Mutemo, iyo iri pamusoro apa. Vamwe magweta vanodavira kuti kubata PPA akagamuchira mamiriro vatariri Federation, irege anoshanda vehurumende nyaya, nekuti vari mhiri zvezvinotaurwa panotaurwa kuti emunharaunda hurongwa.

Mamiriro Akaita matunhu neminisiparati pamutemo mabasa

Municipal mumatare mabasa akasiyana PPA yeUnited uye remunharaunda pamwero kuti kushandisa chete mune imwe nharaunda - guta, dunhu, dunhu. Negadziriro mabasa pamutemo panguva matunhu neminisiparati pamwero chinosanganisira zvinotevera zvinyorwa:

• chata ane miganhu chikwata;
• manyuko mutemo, nekanzuru dzemo nesimba mumiririri hurumende;
• nemabasa vakagamuchirwa nokuda Mayor, vaitarira nevamwe vakuru vakuru (maererano mutemo).

Municipal mabasa epamutemo anogona kushandisa iri vomunzvimbo imwe referendamu kana kuungana. A hunoshamisa chokwadi chokuti NPA zvakafanana nomutemo simba sezvo nyaya youshamwari. Uyezve, makore mashoma apfuura Russian Ministry of Justice akarayira yokudzora nhamba iri matunhu neminisiparati usingaperi panguva padariro sezvayakanga kunyoresa uye manyuko mutemo mvumo nokuti vanhu Assembly. Kana mvumo bumbiro vane mitemo kuti dzinopesana avo huri NAP, vakagamuchirwa mu referendum, haisi kuzivikanwa sezvo zvinoenderana Constitution kweRussia uye hazvigoni kunyoreswa.

mitemo Russian Federation International

Pane rinokosha mhando mabasa pamutemo - Mutemo pamusoro ratification kana kwokupa mhosva reRussia dzomunyika zvibvumirano. Ivo vanobviswa pahwaro Chikamu 106 reMitemo. Mitemo iyi vane chaiyo nzira nokuda kuitwa, asi ivo ndivo azere chikamu National pamutemo hurongwa. Chinyorwa mabasa normative pamutemo uyu mhando anoenda kuburikidza Bulletin zvibvumirano dzakawanda. Article I-15 reMitemo rinoti kuti zvibvumirano yakasainwa neDare Russian Federation nedzimwe nyika, pakutanga pamusoro mitemo yenyika. Uye nekuti vamwe magweta kudana PPA akadaro yepamusoro vakuru vakuru kwemitemo batana.

hurumende PPA

Normative mabasa RF Government rakapa maererano Article 115 reMitemo uye maererano dzemunharaunda ari yepamutemo mutemo "On hurumende." Ndeipi pamutemo hunhu nehurumende PPA? Kuitira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa Constitution, Mutemo, Presidential Chirevo hurumende yeRussia atara rinokosha magwaro - mitemo, mirayiro, uyewo vachiongorora mashandiro avo. Acts nekanzuru Hurumende, nokudaro omurume. Vanofanira kuva kupindirana zvizere muBumbiro reMitemo uye mamwe manyuko mutemo batana. Resolution, maererano nedzimwe magweta, - rinonyatsooneka chehurumende PPA. Zvinyorwa izvi waidzora dzakakosha mukati kukwanisa nevarikutonga simba kuRussia. Order - pamutemo. mabasa yokudzora emwedzi. Vose Mhando anopa mutemo yakatorwa nehurumende, kazhinji Vatungamiri, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko vanogona kubudisa yavo Prime Minister of Russia.