Queuing ezvinhu, ayo dzakasiyana uye zvesayenzi hwaro

Vaiona queuing maitiro (QS) ndiro mashandiro umo achishandisa zvikuru akagadzirirwa kunzwisisa Chishandiso ichi, pane kugutsikana zvinodiwa siyana kuuya hurongwa. A chinokosha ino ndiyo nhamba yemabhuku uwandu vashandi (basa) namano. It ingabva munhu kusaverengeka.

Maererano kuti, pane mukana kana kwete yokumirira basa, kusiyanisa maitiro:

- SMO, kwaiva kusina chimwe chombo (instrument) kuti zvinodiwa ne kuchipinda mune imwe nguva. Muchiitiko chino, zvakadai zvinotodiwa yakarasika;

- queuing hurongwa pamwe yokumirira, chine okuchengetera zvinodiwa, rinogona kutora vose, pova tungamidzana;

- hurongwa ane shoma vanokwanisa pakati nemotokari apo zvausingakwanisi uye kunotema kukosha tungamidzana zvinodiwa kugutsikana. Pane vakarasika avo zvinodiwa asingagoni kukodzera achiyeukwa.

All QS siyana zvinodiwa uye namabasa aro kunobva webasa kurangwa. Sezvo muenzaniso vakadaro mienzaniso basa kunogona kuva:

- FCFS / FIFO - marongedzero umo zvinodiwa ari kuonana pakutanga mumutsara;

- LCFS / LIFO - QS, apo rekutanga Serviced in okupedzisira pavaipfuura zvinodiwa;

- kurongwa muenzaniso - wegadziriro zvinodiwa maererano vakasarudzwa zvisina kurongwa.

Kazhinji, zvakadai hurongwa ane chaizvo kunzwisisa chivakwa.

Chero queuing gadziriro inorondedzerwa pamwe zvinotevera pfungwa uye mhando:

- Chinodiwa - zvakasikwa uye mharidzo ane chikumbiro basa;

- kuuya kuyerera - zvose chikumbira zvinodiwa chokupinda hurongwa;

- yakazara - nguva inodiwa kupedza zvikumbiro basa vakagamuchira;

- kwemasvomhu muenzaniso - yakaratidzwa kwemasvomhu chimiro, uye achibatsirwa ari kwemasvomhu midziyo yacho muenzaniso QS.

Sezvo kunzwisisa chakajairika pamusoro mamiriro, kuti queuing hurongwa iri nyaya yokudzidza kwesayenzi ose mukana dzidziso. Sezvo chikamu nzvimbo iyi yakakura zivo yesayenzi, rakakamurwa redzidziso akawanda, mumwe nomumwe iri zvakakwana zvionera queuing dzidziso. Izvi dzidziso vanowanzotevedzera kushandisa nzira dzose kwemasvomhu nhamba.

Muvambi rimwe SMO yokutanga ano ndiyo A. Ya. Hinchin, uyo isimbiswe pfungwa parukova homogeneous zviitiko. Ipapo Danish teregirafu opareta, uye gare gare - musayendisiti Agner Erlang, kwakasimbiswa vayo pfungwa (muenzaniso runhare dzaishandisa, pachimirirwa chikumbiro sangana nezvokubatana), izvo kare dzinounzwa QS pamwe nokutarisira uye pasina tarisiro.

Kuvaka ano ruzivo queuing iri runonyanya Modelling nzira. Panewo kwegadziriro tsvakurudzo kuti chiri kuitwa ne Analytical nzira, asi nzira iyi zvikuru kunzwisisa. By SMO zvinosanganisira avo hurongwa kuti kunogona kudzidzwa tichibatsirwa Statistical nzira - Statistical Modelling uye Statistical kuongorora.

Mumwe queuing ezvinhu achipfeka munhu priori kuti pane dzimwe mureza nzira chikumbira vanotongwa kusangana. zvikumbiro izvi enda kuburikidza vanonzi migero basa, izvo-siyana avo chinangwa uye unhu. Mafomu kuuya kazhinji runobva nguva, vakawanda vavo, saka, kumisa musoro uye causal kubatana pakati pavo zvakaoma. mhedziso Scientific, pamusoro hwaro ichi, ndiko kuti CMO, avo ruzhinji, anoshanda panheyo randomness.