Revafundisi - ndiko ... Dzvene Revafundisi yeRussian Church Orthodox

The Holy Revafundisi - kare chepamusoro Rinodzora remabasa yeChechi yeOrthodox. It kushanda kubva 1721 kusvika muna 1918. Musi Local Council yeRussian Orthodox Church 1917 - 1918, kwakasarudzwa kuti patriarchate. Panguva iyoyo, muviri ichi anobatsira chete zvishoma basa munyaya dzechechi.

Church of mangwanani nguva

Roc rakaumbwa muna 988. First vafundisi hierarchical marongerwo wokurera ari Istanbul. Kwemazana 9 anotevera emakore chechi Russian yainyanya novimba Byzantine Empire. Munguva kubva 988 muna 1589 vaiita mitropolitskoe mudziyo. Uyezve, kubvira 1589 kusvika 1720 aiva mukuru yeRussian Orthodox Church Patriarch. Uye kubvira 1721 kusvika 1918 chechi yaitongwa neDare Revafundisi. Pari oga mutongi yeRussian Orthodox Church Patriarch Kirill ndiye. Today Revafundisi - ichi inongova Advisory muviri.

Mitemo Church Wezvose

Maererano mukuru mitemo yenyika Revafundisi pakati pokutenda anogona kuva nezvakatongwa, zvemitemo, administrative, uye rinotarisira pamutemo simba. Kudyidzana pamwe nehurumende zvinoberekwa rokunyika munhu akagadzwa Hurumende. Zvinotevera mitumbi vakagadzwa kuti zvinobudirira nebasa Revafundisi:

1. Synoidal Office.
2. Spiritual uye kudzidza komiti.
3. Management synoidal rokudhinda.
4. The Office of Gavhuna.
5. Spiritual uye chikoro mapuranga.
6. Economic utariri.

Roc rakakamurwa dioceses, muganhu iyo uwirirane miganhu nzvimbo mamiriro. Resolution of Revafundisi anofanira kuva vapristi, uye akakurudzira kuti vomuchechi. Nokuti avo kuitwa musangano unokosha pamusoro Revafundisi yeRussian Orthodox Church (2 pagore).

Kutanga Rules Spiritual

mirau Spiritual kwave vakasikwa sezvakarayirwa Peter I, Metropolitan Feofanom Prokopovichem. Gwaro iri zvinoratidza zvose muchechi yekare mitemo. Atarisana pamwechete kurwisa kuti kuchinja nevafundisi, yokuRussia Mambo uye akatanga abolition pakati yemadzitateguru simba uye kugadzwa Revafundisi. Hapana mubvunzo ndechokuti zvakanga pashure peizvi, uye pashure pakatanga pambiru Gavhuna, kuti Roc akarasikirwa ayo rusununguko kubva hurumende.

Official zvikonzero Church Revafundisi utariri

Prerequisites idzo Chechi yeOrthodox yomuRussia chakamboitwa kugamuchirwa zviri chimiro ichi management (murayiro Peter I), akanyorwa muna Spiritual Regulation uye vaiva sezvinotevera:

1. vafundisi vanoverengeka anogona kumisa chokwadi zvikuru nokukurumidza uye nani pane mumwe.
2. Solutions Chiesa Zviremera achava kukuru uremu uye simba pane sarudzo mumwe murume.
3. Kana urwere kana rufu chete mutongi nyaya haangavi kumiswa.
4. vanhu vanoverengeka anogona kutora sarudzo zvikuru asingasaruri pane mumwe.
5. Zviremera ndivo zvikuru zvakaoma kuchinja pane vakawanda vapristi, pane oga mutongi chechi.
6. Mune mumwe munhu akadaro anogona akatanga simba kuzvikudza. Common vanhu panguva iyoyo zvichaita zvakaoma kusiyanisa chechi kubva monarshestva.
7. The Holy Revafundisi anogona nguva dzose mhosva pamutemo zviito imwe nhengo yayo. Kuti parse mashoko zvisiri Zvaitongwa Patriarch anofanira kunzi vafundisi Eastern. Asi inodhura uye refu.
8. Revafundisi - kuchikonzerwa chikoro umo ruzivo nhengo vanogona kudzidzisa beginners kereke zvakanaka bhizimisi mhando. Saka, kuwedzera kuita.

The chikuru chepfungwa Russian Revafundisi

A maitiro chepfungwa richangobva akasika Russian Revafundisi yakanga kuti akareurura hierarchically akaenzana Eastern madzitateguru. miviri kwakadaro mune dzimwe nyika veOrthodox chete zvishoma basa iri bedzi hwomusoro wemunhu. rechiGiriki kumusangano chete akangofanana simba mukati nyika pachavo chechi yavo sezvo Russian. House raMwari kunyika mbiri vagara akanga mudziyo wako zvakawanda zvakafanana. Eastern madzitateguru anonzi "hama vadikamwa munaShe," Dzvene Revafundisi echechi yeRussian Orthodox, kureva kuziva simba rayo akaenzana yake.

Chikamu risingakanganwiki of Revafundisi

Pakutanga, dare rinodzora kwaisanganisira:

1. President (Stefan Jaworski - Metropolitan pamusoro Ryazan);
2. Mutevedzeri-Coal in uwandu vanhu vaviri;
3. Advisors uye assessors (4 vanhu).

Revafundisi nhengo vakasarudzwa pakati archimandrites, mabhishopi, abbots uye dzomumaguta archpriests. Mitemo Church vakagamuchirwa kuti vadzivirire rusununguko mafungiro ari pakunamata. Saka muna Revafundisi vaisafanira kubatanidzwa zvose abbots uye Archpriests pamwe amire pamusoro pavo mabhishopi. Pakafa Stefana Yavorskogo chinzvimbo sachigaro yakaguma. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, nhengo dzose Revafundisi vakanga equalized mune kodzero. With murwiyo muviri anochinja nguva nenguva pamusoro nguva. Saka, muna 1763 hwakanga 6 vanhu (3 mabhishopi, uye 1 2 Archimandrite Fr). On 1819 - 7 vanhu.

Pakarepo mushure mutongo pamusoro pokugadzwa Revafundisi zvakateverwa kurasa nhengo mambo wacho mumuviri uyu risira zvenyika munhu. Iye akasarudzwa mumiririri mamiriro vanoremekedzwa vakuru. It havanzi akamupa nzvimbo "mukuru gavhuna wenyika Revafundisi." Maererano mirayiridzo anotendwa namambo murume akanga "ziso Kesari uye Solicitor Pachena." Muna 1726, ivo Revafundisi yakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri - zvemweya nezvenyama mutengo.

A nhoroondo pfupi pamusoro Russian utariri kubva 1721 kusvika muna 1918.

Mumakore ane simba guru pamusoro Zvaitongwa Revafundisi vepakutanga aiva Bishop Theophane. Kana bhuku chechi yaisagona rakabudiswa pasina afarirwe. Murume uyu akanga ari shamwari Bismarck uye Osterman uye zvose mabhishopi, imwe nzira kana imwe, akanga muropa. simba kwakadaro Theophane akatambanudza mushure mokuparara Huru Party of Revafundisi. Panguva iyoyo, hurumende yeSoviet achipfuura dzakaoma. The nebope pakati netsa Ioannovnoy uye mwanasikana Peter Mukuru akaita kutambudzwa vatsigiri okupedzisira. Kamwe zvose nhengo Revafundisi Feofan kunze kwehasha vaingonyepedzera vaendeswa, uye munzvimbo dzakatarwa vamwe, zvikuru vakavimbika kwaari. Chokwadi, pashure kuti zvasvika isati yamboitwa simba. Theophanes akafa muna 1736

Pakupedzisira, Elizabeth ndakwira kuna choushe. Pashure paizvozvo, vose Links nenguva vapristi vakatapwa Theophanes adzoka. Panguva yake yokutonga aiva mumwe yakanakisisa nokuti Russian Orthodox Revafundisi. Zvisinei, mashoko patriarchate Empress harisati akapora. Uyezve, akagadzwa kunyanya chinonyanyisa mukuru muchuchisi J. Shahovsky, vairatidza kuva chinhu adherent vaishingaira mamiriro ezvinhu.

Paitonga Peter III Dzvene Revafundisi pakati yeRussian Orthodox Church rave kumanikidzwa kutsungirira German simba, iyo, zvisinei, ndokuguma akwira chigaro Catherine II. No zvakagadzirwa chaizvo, mambokadzi uyu Revafundisi haina dzatangwa. Chinhu bedzi iye wakaita - akavharwa koreji nemari. Nokudaro, Revafundisi akava zvakare yakabatana.

Under Alexander I muchuchisi mukuru anova Prince AN Golitsyn, sezvo jaya vairatidza kuva vaichengetedza zvemarudzi ose rakavanzika tumapoka. Paaiva rinoshanda murume, iye kunyange vaiona kubatsira Revafundisi, kunyanya pakutanga. Akakurumbira chechi mufananidzo Nicholas ndakava Filaret, yakavakwa mambo kuti chinzvimbo yemo muna 1826. Sezvo 1842 mupristi akatora Zvinoshingaira mubasa iri Revafundisi.

"Dark Ages" pamusoro Revafundisi pakati pakutanga XX remakore

Chikonzero chikuru kuti achidzokera patriarchate muna 1917 - 18 makore. Yakanga chipingaidzo muchechi mabasa utariri Rasputin uye kusembura of political ezvinhu akapoteredza muviri. Revafundisi - ndiye inviolability pakati hierarchs. Zviitiko chokuita norufu nhengo ndiro rine chokwadi muviri Anthony kugadzwa panzvimbo yake Metropolitan Vladimir, uye gare gare Pitirim akatungamirira pakupfutidza havagamuchirwi pamusoro muchechi mamaneja kuchiva nokusika unorema tsiye kusavimbana. Metropolitan Pitirim vafundisi vakawanda inokurukura "Rasputinists".

Kana tikafunga kuti pakazopera 1916, uye dzimwe nhengo Revafundisi vazhinji vaiva vateveri wamambo henchman (somuenzaniso, mukuru muchuchisi Raev, tichigadzirisa hofisi Guriev uye mubatsiri wake Mudrolyubov), chechi akacheuka zvinenge huru kupikiswa choushe. Nhengo utariri muviri uyo hamuzi yevashoma boka "Rasputinists" kutya kamwe zvakare kuratidza pfungwa yavo, vachiziva kuti zvichava pakarepo hwakatamisirwa Tsarskoye tiiviste. Kushanda mabasa ane chokwadi, kwete Revafundisi yeOrthodox uye pachedu Rasputin.

Dzokera kune ateteguru utongi

Pashure pokuchinja muna February 1917, dikidiki Government, kuti agadzirise izvi, chirevo pamusoro kudzingwa nhengo dzose dzomuviri ino convening itsva zhizha chapera. Wechishanu August 1917 chabvisa pambiru muchuchisi mukuru uye Ushumiri yakasimbiswa zvitendero. Zvakatongwa muviri ichi nokuda Revafundisi yakabudiswa kusvika January 18, 1918 Kubvira February 14, 1918, wokupedzisira Resolution of Council rakabudiswa. Maererano gwaro rino, masimba Mutsvene Revafundisi akapfuura tateguru. Pachake muviri ichi chakava seboka.

Zvakakurukurwa marongerwo masimba ano Revafundisi

Nhasi, Dzvene Revafundisi echechi yeRussian Orthodox chinhu Advisory muviri tateguru. Rinosanganisira zvechigarire uye vagari venguva nhengo. Rekupedzisira akadana misangano dioceses dzavo uye saizvozvowo kudzinga pasina mabasa Revafundisi memberships. Nhasi, muviri uyu anekodzero kurishandura mitemo Mitemo Spiritual uye tsanangudzo kare akavatuma tendero kuna Mufundisi.

Sachigaro uye zvechigarire nhengo

Today yakatungamirira Roc Revafundisi (akashanda se sachigaro), Patriarch Kirill Gundyaev. Permanent nhengo dziri mabhishopi:

1. Kiev uye All Ukraine Vladimir.
2. Ladoga uye St. Petersburg, Vladimir.
3. Uye Slutsk Minskiy Filaret.
4. All Moldova Vladimir uye Chisinau.
5. Kolomna uye Krutitsy Juvenal.
6. Kazakhstan uye Astanayskiy Aleksandr.
7. Central Asian Vincent.
8. Yamaneja of Patriarchate of Moscow uye Mordovia Saransk Metropolitan Varsonofy.
9. Sachigaro Department kuti External Relations of Patriarchate of Moscow, Metropolitan Volokolamskiy Illarion.

nzvimbo

Pakarepo pashure pokugadzwa Revafundisi aiva St. Petersburg musi City Island. Kwapera nguva misangano raizoitirwa pakuvaka nevaviri Colleges. Muna 1835, kuti Revafundisi akatamira weSeneti Square. Kubva nguva nenguva musangano akachinjirwa kuMoscow. Somuenzaniso, panguva kugadzwa zviri madzimambo. Muna August 1917 Revafundisi pakupedzisira vakatamira Moscow. Asati ichi ikoko wakange synoidal hofisi chete.

Muna 1922, tateguru akasungwa. The musangano Revafundisi yokutanga yakaitwa makore mashanu chete gare gare, muna 1927. Zvadaro zviri pamutemo Roc kubudirira Metropolitan Segiyo pamusoro Nizhny Novgorod. Akaronga navo kwekanguva Patriarchal Revafundisi. Zvisinei, kutanga kwegore 1935 nhengo zvakare emauto akadzingwa mabasa nokutanga nezviremera.

Permanent Revafundisi

Muna 1943, panguva Council of maBhishopu of zvachose kumusangano akasarudzwa, purogiramu iyo vakatanga raizoitirwa nzvimbo yakapiwa nedzimba Stalin kuti №5 mu Clear mukoto. Kubva nguva nenguva vakanga hwakatamisirwa Patriarch kuti makamuri Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra. Kubvira 2009, misangano yaiitwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana nokusarudza musoro weChechi. Muna 2011, muna December, yakanga yakazaruka uye vatsvene Revafundisi dzokugara vatateguru iri kunatsiridzwa St. Daniel wemamonk. Zviri pano kuti akapfuura ichangobva panguva pamusangano wakasvinudza Gumiguru 2, 2013.

The wokupedzisira Musangano

Pakupedzisira musangano (wakaitwa muna October 2013), zvikuru ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna kupemberera 1025th gore Rubhabhatidzo Russia. Inokosha zvokuti chechi ndiyo Revafundisi nokugadziriswa nezvokudiwa mberi tsika Eenhede zvose gore, pamwe chete mamiriro zviremera. simba. Uyewo pamusangano vakanga vakakurukura nyaya pamusoro pakagadzwa dioceses itsva siyana kumatunhu renyika uye basa vafundisi vari itsva chinzvimbo. Uyezve, vapristi vakatora Regulation pamusoro zvirongwa chokuita youth kudzidziswa, uyewo mumishinari uye nevamwe.

Modern Russian Orthodox Church Revafundisi, kunyange asiri rinodzora, achiri wakakurira basa rinokosha muupenyu kereke. Mitongo ayo uye kusarudza dzinoshanda dioceses zvose. Pambiru Gavhuna nokuti nguva haako. Sezvo vose anoziva, chechi kubva mamiriro, isu vakaparadzana. Uye zvikuru kuchinja mutemo zvose womukati uye zvokunze, pasinei yemhuri ushe uye rusununguko ano, hazvina. Kureva, simba paruzhinji hazvisi.