Zera Discovery

Nguva huru nenzvimbo zvakawanwa chakavapo kubva mid-rechi15 mid-remakore rechi17. Huru chikamu nzendo vakatora Spanish uye Portuguese vezvikepe.

The zvikonzero guru nenzvimbo zvakawanwa - kutsvaka zvitsva dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana uye nepagungwa kukura.

Nepo kutengeserana pakati East uye Europe yakanga yaparadzwa somugumisiro yacho yakareba hweOttoman utongi. VokuTurkey akadzikatidza chikuru nevezvokutengeserana kuburikidza Syria uye Asia Minor. Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo dzakavakwa chakatorwa nokuti kushambira pachena munyanza, yakavimbika dare kuti kwete chete pave kutsvaka nzira itsva, asiwo kuwanika uye nezvokubvuta wenyika riri kumaodzanyemba Europe.

Prints Genrih panguva iyoyo chaiva chikuru murongi Portuguese kufamba uye kubatsirwa kukura Portuguese romugungwa. Saka chikoro zvomumvura yakarongwa nguva yake. Mugore Geographical Research Institute nani wekushandisa nzira uye namano. Pose kutanga 1490 rakavambwa pano.

Nguva huru nenzvimbo zvakawanwa chakaratidza kuvhurika rimwe gungwa kuenda kuIndia. Muna 1497, pakundopambara rakarongwa naMambo Portugal Manuel Happy. It raiwanzobatana mukuru kwazvo mutengo nhumbi, kupinza kuna Europe netsoka. Portuguese rwendo, iine zvikepe matatu, akatungamirirwa Vasco da Gama.

Kupinda Atlantic Ocean kure zvakakwana, iye nekuparadzwa Cape Agulhas akatendeuka kumabvazuva. Pashure paizvozvo, zvikepe vakananga kuchamhembe pamwe kumabvazuva kweAfrica kuna Mozambique. Muguta Mambasa Portuguese kutanga kuonana vechiArabhu vanogara. Pashure rwendo urwu Vasco da Gama akayambuka Indian Ocean uye ukasvika kumaodzanyemba Indian chengarava Calicut.

Nguva huru nenzvimbo zvakawanwa akacherekedza uye Spanish nzendo. Pashure zvakawanikwa muzana remakore rechi15 yeNyika Itsva Spain anotanga kuratidza kufarira dzekumabvazuva. Zvisinei, Mambo Spanish, dzinoongorora mamiriro ezvinhu, vachiona kuti nzira African kumhenderekedzo rinogumisa Portuguese rengarava, uye karavhani inoenda kumabvazuva iri kudzorwa vatengesi Arab uye wokuTurkey. Hristofor Kolumb inopa Mambo Spain kuvaka wokumavirira nzira kuIndia. An kwazvo cartographer uye nekugoverana nemaonero vazhinji vezera rake kuti idenderedzwa Maumbirwe Earth, ndiko chirongwa nzira kumavirira mhiri Atlantic Ocean.

Saka, imwe ichikosha akacherekedza nenzvimbo yokutanga Columbus zvakawanwa. Earth, akawana, vakanga ine vatama. Spanish nyuchi akaonekwa pamahombekombe uye muzvitsuwa Central America.

Amerigo Vespucci vakabatsira nhoroondo nguva anonzi "Chizvarwa Discovery". Amboita dzinoverengeka nzendo bhizimisi pakati 1499 uye 1502 makore, aiongorora ainzi Columbus 'kuwanikwa wamboonekwa yakakura nyika "Asia" "New World." Zvadaro, nzvimbo ainzi America. Uyewo Amerigo Vespucci akarondedzera yevagari uye hunhu rakavhurika nyika.

A chiitiko chaizvo chinokosha munhoroondo Zvakawanikwa ari rwendo munyika Ferdinand Magellan. Zvichitevera basa ramambo chiSpanish, aidzidzisa vaizomupa kushanda kumativi America pamwe South uye kubudirira saka kumhenderekedzo Asia.

rwendo rwake pasi pose kwakatanga muna 1519. Zvikepe shanu akayambuka Atlantic Ocean uye pamwe yokumaodzanyemba America akaenda kunotsvaka panjodzi iri nePacific Ocean ( "South Gungwa"). Strait yainzi Magellan, awanikwa pashure kutsvaka refu uye kurasikirwa chakakomba.

Mushure Magellan pedyo Indonesian zvitsuwa, akapedzisa (yakanyorwa logbook), akadzokera Old World, vakagogodza vakakomberedza Earth.