US-Japanese War: nhoroondo, rondedzero dzinonakidza zvinhu nemigumisiro

hondo US-Japanese pamusoro 1941-1945. Zvaiva zvakaoma chaizvo uye aiva zvakakomba. Ndezvipi zvinokonzera hondo iyi ropa? Sezvo iye akapfuura, uye chii nemigumisiro anazvo? Ndiani akakunda War US-Japanese? Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

US-Japanese kupesana uye zvinokonzera hondo

Kupokanidzana America uye Japan kare kubva remakore rechi19, apo vanhu vokuAmerica waiita pamusoro Japanese haana kuenzana muzvibvumirano. Asi pashure World War First, mamiriro ezvinhu dzakaderera kunyanya sezvo pakati nyika idzi aiva rinondinetsa mabhora ose simba iri Asia-Pacific nharaunda. Saka, kubva 1931, Japan anoramba kukunda China nokusika pamusoro munharaunda yayo ezvinhu Manchukuo - Guo, iyo rinodzorwa zvinenge zvakazara eJapan. Nokukurumidza zvose makambani US vakadzingwa kubva Chinese kumusika, iyo zvakajeka vakashaisa US chinzvimbo. Muna 1940 zvakanzi akadzima kutengeserana chibvumirano pakati United States uye Japan. Muna June 1941, mauto Japanese anopamba French Indochina. Nokukurumidza, pakupindurwa utsinye of US July 26 yapa mafuta zvirango kuJapan munguva yemberi kubatana zvirango England. Somugumisiro, Japan akanga akatarisana nechisarudzo: kana kuti mberi redistribution ndima munzvimbo uye kutanga nemauto yavairwisana United States, kana kuti kubuda musana uye kuziva kutungamirira basa US mudunhu. теперь очевидны. Zvikonzero hondo US-Japanese zvino pachena. Japan, Chokwadi, akasarudza pfungwa yokutanga.

United States

Hurumende US ari kufunga musiyano wezvinyorwa hondo pamwe kuJapan, maererano zvinoshingaira kugadzirira vehondo uye romugungwa. Saka, dzinotevedzana nemauto-zvoupfumi kuchinja: murayiro zvakapfuudzwa kuhondo, vakawedzera uto bhajeti. Pausiku hondo pamwe Japan, nhamba yevashandi of US Army akanga akaenzana miriyoni nemazana masere vanhu, iyo nezvikepe vaiva varume vana mazana matatu namakumi mashanu. Kuwanda ngarava yacho US Navy akanga akaenzana 227 zvikepe makirasi siyana uye 113 Ngarava dzepasi pemvura.

Japan

Japan, muna 1941, kutungamirira uto mabasa China, iri kare kugadzirira kutanga hondo America. Japan vemauto bhajeti panguva iyoyo aiva zvinopfuura mabhiriyoni 12 Yen. Kuwanda Japanese hondo isati hondo vakasvika mamiriyoni 1.35 munyika mauto uye 350,000 muna Navy. Kuwanda nezvikepe yakawedzera uye vakasvika 202 chitundumusere-musere uye 50 Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. In avhiyesheni, kwaiva chimwe namazana ndege nemakirasi siyana.

Japan yokurwiswa kwakaitwa Pearl Harbor, United States kupinda Hondo Yenyika II munhoroondo

Kurwiswa Pearl Harbor - pakarepo, pasina rokuzivisa hondo, kurwisa nendege uye Japanese Imperial Army Fleet pamusoro US warships uye mhepo chawo, riri pamusoro Hawaii, December 7, 1941.

Chisarudzo pamusoro hondo pamwe United States chakaitwa pamusangano vashumiri kubva Japanese Emperor December 1, 1941. To zvinoshingaira kutsigira eJapan Army muna Asia-Pacific kudunhu raiva kuparadza kwayo Pacific nezvikepe kunokosha, izvo zvakazara simba akamira Oahu. Nokuti chinangwa ichi akasarudzwa kuva preemptive akarova pamusoro mujinga US Navy. Musimboti kurwisa rakanga kuti kushandisa nezvaizoitwa kushamisika, kushandisa ndege iyo akabvisa kubva mutakuri ndege, kuti usisashandi simba pamusoro chawo. Pakupedzisira, December 7, 1941, ndege mbiri kubhururutsa zvachose vanhu 440 ndege Japanese vakumikidzwa.

US Nokurasikirwa vakanga nemafashamo chokwadi kuparadzwa kana incapacitated akazviratidza 90% of America kuti Pacific Fleet. VokuAmerica Total akarasika 18 Zvikepe: 8 battleships, 4 vaparadzi, 3 sevatsvaki vemapuranga, kurasikirwa ndege equaled 188 ndege. Nokurasikirwa vari vashandi akasvikawo nemafashamo dzemitambo, akauraya vanhu 2,400 uye akakuvara 1200. Japan chakaita kuti kufirwa ane hurongwa zvikuru zvishoma, vakapfurwa pasi 29 ndege uye vakauraya 60 vanhu.

Somugumisiro, December 8 1941, United States, inotungamirwa President Franklin D. Roosevelt akazivisa hondo Japan uye pamutemo akapinda muna WWII.

danho rokutanga: Japan kukunda

Pakarepo shure kurwiswa mujinga pana Pearl Harbor, pamusoro chinozunguzirwa kubudirira uye kushandisa kuvhiringidzika uye US kuvhiringidzika, vabatwa Guam uye Wake Island, raiva America. By March 1942, Japan vaitova nemhenderekedzo Australia, asi hazvina kukwanisa kubata. Kazhinji, mana mwedzi hondo yokutanga, Japan yabudirira kunoshamisa zvabuda. Peninsula yakanga akabatwa Malaysia, zvakabatanidzwa ndima Dutch East - India, Hong Kong, Philippines, kumaodzanyemba Burma. kukunda Japan ari wokutanga Danho kunogona kutsanangurwa kwete chete nemauto zvinhu, mumwe kubudirira kunonyanya kukonzerwa patsime vaifunga kunze mitemo Advocacy. Saka, vanhu venyika dzatorwa vakati kuti Japan auya kusunungura kubva ropa wokudzora. Somugumisiro, muna December 1941 - March 1942 Japan rakanga ratorwa nharaunda kukura vanopfuura mamiriyoni 4 mativi makiromita rine vanhu vanhu miriyoni 200. Kurasika panguva iyoyo vanhu zviuru chete 15, 400 ndege uye 4 ngarava. US Nokurasikirwa chete akakunda vakasvika 130 zviuru. Masoja.

danho rechipiri: pakachinja muhondo

Mushure gungwa kuhondo May 1942 muGungwa Coral, kunyange ndokuguma tactical kukunda Japan, rave zvikaramba unorema mutengo haana pachena sapakutanga, pakava nokuchinja kukuru mune hondo. Zvinonzi kuonekwa musi hondo Midway June 4, 1942. On nhasi, kuti US Navy akahwina rokutanga kukunda makuru. Japan akarasikirwa mana vatakuri ndege pamusoro 1 US. Pashure kukundwa ichi, Japan haachisiri ita tsamwisa kushandiswa, uye pfungwa kudzivirira kare vakakunda nenharaunda.

Pashure pokukunda muhondo kwemwedzi mitanhatu vokuAmerica zvakanzi akadzokera kudzora kuchitsuwa Guadalcanal. Mune ramangwana, pasi kudzorwa USA wayo nevatsigiri vakayambuka Aleutian uye Solomon Islands, New Guinea, uye Gilbert Islands.

The wokupedzisira chokutambudzika hondo: Japan

Muna 1944, mugumisiro hondo US-Japanese akanga agara asarudza. The vokuJapan zvishoma kufirwa nenharaunda dzavo. The chikuru basa kwehurumende Japanese yave China uye Burma kudzivirira. Asi sezvo kuguma February kuna September 1944, Japan akarasikirwa kudzora Marshall, Mariana, Caroline Islands uye New Guinea.

Mugumo US-Japanese War aiva kukunda iri ePhilippine ichishanda, yakatanga musi waOctober 17, 1944. Nokurasikirwa Japan mumazuva US tsamwisa uye ayo nevatsigiri vave nengozi, akanga dzanyura battleships matatu, mana vatakuri ndege, sevatsvaki vemapuranga gumi, kuvaparadzi gumi. Vashandi Nokurasikirwa akanga akaenzana 300 zviuru. Man. US uye sungano Nokurasikirwa vakasvika chete 16 nezvitanhatu zvikepe makirasi siyana.

Mukuvamba kwa1945, yemitambo remapazi vakatamira munharaunda Japan. February 19 akabudirira kumhara pachitsuwa Iwo Jima, izvo mukufamba kunotyisa nemishonga akakurumidza akabatwa. June 21, 1945 akabatwa chitsuwa Okinawa.

All hondo zvikurukuru pamusoro munharaunda Japan vaiva nechisimba kwazvo, sezvo vakawanda varwi vokuJapan vaiva vanhu vakaderera yacho Samurai akarwa kusvikira pakuguma, achisarudza pakutapwa rufu. Chinonyanya unoshamisa muenzaniso ndiko kushandiswa Japanese murayiro kamikadze dzakabatana.

Muna July 1945, hurumende Japanese akakumbirwa yokuupa, asi Japan akaramba yokuupa, uye pasina nguva US warplanes zvenyukireya kurwisa pazuva Japanese maguta paHiroshima neNagasaki vakanga rakaiswa. Uye yechipiri muna September 1945 mungarava "Missouri" waiva kusaina ari Japanese Instrument vakande mapfumo pasi. In hondo iyi pakati US uye Japan yakanga pamusoro, sezvo iye WWII, kunyange zviri pamutemo kuti Japan WWII yakaguma muna 1951 pamwe kusaina of San Francisco Treaty.

The mabhomba kubhomba pamusoro paHiroshima neNagasaki

Nokuti nokukurumidza kuguma hondo pamwe Japan, hurumende US akaita chisarudzo kushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya. Kune akawanda zvinogoneka anoshandisa kubhomba, pfungwa kubhomba huru chete nemauto vakaramba pakarepo nokuda mukana vanorovha mune nzvimbo diki. Kusarudza dzakawira vokuJapan maguta paHiroshima neNagasaki, sezvo nzvimbo idzi vane zvakanaka nzvimbo uye zvinhu nzvimbo yavo inopa kuti kuwedzera kuwanda kukundwa.

The guta rokutanga, rakanga akadonhedza yenyukireya bhomba kukwanisa gumi namasere kilotons, raiva guta Hiroshima. Bhomba akadonhedza mangwanani August 6, 1945 pamwe B-29 bhomba. vagari kurasikirwa vakasvika zvuru 100-160 vanhu. Mazuva matatu gare gare, musi waAugust 9 akanga pasi mabhomba kubhomba pamusoro Nagasaki, zvino simba kuputika yakanga makumi maviri kilotons, vanoitirwa vaiva inofungidzirwa akasiyana zvuru 60-80 vanhu. The mugumisiro wokushandiswa mabhomba zvombo vakamanikidza hurumende Japanese vabvumirane kuzvipira.

Magumisiro nemigumisiro

Mushure vachiziva pokukundwa September 2, 1945 akatanga basa kweJapan nokuda American nemauto. The basa kusvikira 1952, apo akanga yakasainwa uye akapinda nechisimba musi San Francisco runyararo chibvumirano. Pashure muJapan kukundwa airambidzwa kuti uto uye mhepo simba. Mutemo wose Japan uye US upfumi akanga achivatungamirira. Japan yakaita bumbiro idzva, mumwe paramende mutsva, chakagumisa Samurai kirasi rakaumbwa, asi Imperial simba pamutemo anoramba, sezvo paiva nengozi dzakakurumbira kwezvematongerwe. Ndima yayo iri dzichengeterwe mauto American uye nezvigadziko nemauto dzakavakwa kuti varipo ikozvino.

Nokurasikirwa vemapato

Hondo Japan uye United States kwakaita yakakura nezvinhu vanhu munyika idzi. US akarasikirwa vanhu pfuurei 106.000. Kusanganisira zviuru 27 American masoja vasungwa vehondo 11 zviuru akafa muutapwa. Nokurasikirwa Japan vaiva varwi vanenge mamiriyoni 1 uye maererano nokufungidzira siyana 600,000 zvavo.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Pane zviitiko zvakawanda apo soja vehondo eJapan vakaramba kuitisa akavhiyiwa zvechiuto pamusoro vekuAmerica yapera ruvengo. Saka, muna February 1946, Lubanga chitsuwa panguva vachiridzira varwi sere US vakaurayiwa US nemauto. Muna March 1947, masoja Japanese anenge 30 vakarwisa American mauto pachitsuwa Peleliu, asi pashure vakaudzwa kuti hondo iri refu pamusoro, masoja mapfumo.

Asi yakakurumbira kupfuura nyaya iyi mhando chinhu remagandanga hondo kuPhilippines rechipiri refutenendi Japanese njere Hiro Onoda. Zviri anenge kwemakore makumi matatu akaita pamusoro Kurwisa zana nomusi US vemauto, zvakazoita vakaurayiwa uye vakuvadzwa vanhu matatu zana. Yakanga chete muna 1974, akavapa kuna Philippine Army - zvizere yunifomu uye zvakanaka zvombo.