Scientist Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich: Biography

Akatanga yokungotaura astronautics Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich akaita zvesayenzi ichi mupiro akaenzana mupiro Tsiolkovsky, Kibalchicha Zander. Zvisinei, kuzivikanwa vakauya kwaari chete pashure rufu, kana kukanganwa Huro musayendisiti aiva zvakare "rega" runotevera Vatsvakurudzi. Basa musayendisiti havana kuzivikanwa asi nekuda kwake enigmatic basa.

udiki

musayendisiti Future Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich akaberekwa musi June 21 1897 muna Poltava. Zita iro akaburuka munhau, rinoratidza rekunyepedzera, kana kuti, zita yakasiyana zvachose munhu, pamwe ane zvinyorwa kwenguva refu mutsvakurudzi akararama. Aberekwa Alexander Ivanovich Shargey. Mukomana akanga nherera mangwanani uye akamutsa sekuru vake. Pazera 13 akaenda kudzidza panguva Poltava jimunasiyamu, apo chipo vadzidzi kuteerera mudzidzisi. Mudzidzisi akatuma Alexander kufarira mugwara - wefizikisi, masvomhu uye kemisitiri.

Nechekare muna muduku, mukomana akaonekwa kwazvo kuti zvigadzirwa. Akapedza nguva yakawanda ari motokari, namatsime, mvura turbines, pombi, barometers uye dzimwe curiosities vakauya ruoko. Hazvishamisi kuti pashure Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich aiva munyori chinoshamisa uye mberi kwayo nguva yesayenzi dzidziso.

dangling dzidzo

Imwe pfungwa akatapa kuziva Aleksandra Shargeya, aiva Kurota interplanetary ndege. Muna 1930, mune imwe tsamba kuna Tsiolkovsky, akataura kuti mumakore 16 kuziva zviri zvazviri zvinoita kubva panyika muchadenga. Kubvira ipapo Shargeya akanga rake pfungwa-parumananzombe. Pausiku kuguma Poltava jimunasiyamu jaya apedza yake huru manyoro okutanga - "Vaya vachange verenga kuvaka." In ubate rinonzi Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich remangwana akagadzira (kunyange kujeka) chirongwa ramangwana interplanetary kufamba. Gare gare pfungwa idzi akava mune mamwe mabasa ake.

Ipapo Shargey akapinda Petrograd Polytechnic Institute. Zvisinei, kudzidza haana kugara kwenguva refu. Nokukurumidza Alexander akanzi kuhondo, uye muna 1917 akanga ari Caucasian Front of World War First. Ensign kumba mushure October Revolution uye Bolsheviks shambadzo rwevanhu demobilization.

zita idzva

Nokukurumidza Poltava aiva pakati yevagari vemo. Shargey aiva mukuru, uye saka inonzi iri hondo General Denikin. Alexander mubasa ropa aisada uye dongo pakutanga mukana. The maviri akatevera jaya vaigara Semi-pamutemo nzvimbo, zviri shamisa mabasa. Akanga pasi kuramba pangozi yokusungwa. Muna 1921, hama dzakakwanisa vawanire kwaari pasipoti muzita Yuriya Vasilevicha Kondratyuka - mudzidzi University of Kiev, uyo akafa tibhii kwakatangwa.

Zvisinei, kuti tirambe tiri chizvarwa chake Ukraine achiri kuchengeteka. Red kana White kungaita chizvarwa Poltava. Ipapo musayendisiti Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich akatizira Kuban uye vakatora Krylovskiy erevheta. Ngavabatwe hama kuchengeteka, akapedzisira akatora pfungwa dzake kutiza pakati mapuraneti. Kufanana nokuzvidzora akadzidzisa musayendisiti upi, achitambura nokushayiwa mari. Kondratyuk aienda kuvaka zvake chitundumuseremusere, asi nzira vaite zviroto zvavo, akanga asina. All chakasara kuita zvinokosha ndiko kutaura mashoko yokungotaura zvinhu papepa.

Kondratyuk uye Tsiolkovsky

Kondratyuk panguva imwe chete yakafanana ongororo Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Kokutanga musayendisiti wechiduku mahwekwe ake manotsi muna 1918 mu tsaru nyaya "niva". Kubva acho, zvakava pachena kuti pfungwa interplanetary ndege iri kunetseka Kondratyuk kwete chete Yuriy Vasilevich.

The Biography munhu uyu Muenzaniso nenguva - nemhaka chimurenga uye hondo, akanga kwemakore akawanda kuti kukanganwa pamusoro dzose upenyu. Naizvozvo, kuti zvinhu zviri Tsiolkovsky, akadzokera chete muna 1925, pandinoverenga "Bulletin aeronautics."

"The kukunda interplanetary nzvimbo"

Chakatishamisa vaongorori maviri vakauya chete ndezvipi, saka nzira yakasiyana. Muchiitiko chino, zvishoma mberi bhururu wake Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich izvozvo. Nebudiriro Physics vakasonganira basa rake guru - bhuku "The kukunda interplanetary nzvimbo." Ndicho zvibereko munyori kudzidza muna 1926, apo iye aigara mumusha October. nguva ino, iye akagadzira chirongwa chake haisi dzidziso, uye akapa naye vakawanda mashoko uye nenhamba.

The musayendisiti vakaedza kubudisa "kukunda interplanetary nzvimbo" muMoscow. Bhuku akagamuchira zvakanaka uongororwe Professor Vladimir Vetchinkina. Iye kudzidza simba pamusoro chitundumuseremusere kutiza uye saka chaizvo basa Kondratyuk. Zvisinei, kubudisa bhuku hwakatadza. Mumakore akatevera chete Vetchinkin vakatsigira risingazivikanwi kuzvidzora akadzidzisa.

In Siberia

Muna 1927, Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich, ane Biography ndiyo muenzaniso Biography kunoramba achidzungaira murume, akatamira Novosibirsk. Panguva mumwe mugumo wenyika, akaenda ari kukoka kwe "Mabheka" dzomunharaunda. hofisi iyi ndiye kuchengetera zviyo munharaunda kumatunhu akawanda. More musi Kuban Kondratiuk tega michina mitsva nokuda elevators. basa rake kuziva Novosibirsk. Saka murume uya akarota nyeredzi, akava nomutoro zviyo chekuchengeta.

At itsva nzvimbo musayendisiti vakasimuka shamwari itsva uye neshamwari, asi hapana vaikoshesa nechido roujaya hwake achiri nzvimbo kutiza. Asi Kondratiuk akarangarira basa rake guru rakanyorwa. Kwemakore anoverengeka iye akaponesa mari yake, vachirarama Spartan upenyu, uye pakupedzisira akatuma wake kukambani anodhinda chitoro. Bhuku zvave anononoka chaizvo. Typesetters havanzwisisi kunzwisisa dzesayenzi kwemasvomhu Masvomhu, akaita zvikanganiso uye Redo zvose zvakare.

Bhuku rinonzi

Muna January 1929, "yavaitora interplanetary nzvimbo" yakabudiswa duku nemagazini maBhaibheri 2000. Bhuku zvinosanganisira 72 mapeji uye mapeji akawanda chati uye vanodhirowa. Vladimir Vetchinkin akanyora okutanga umo akatumidza kudzidza Kondratyuka yakakwana ose ipapo huripo, uye yakabudiswa kwete Russian, asiwo mumitauro yokumwe.

Chii vangasimudzira idzva rakanyorwa Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich? Interesting zvinhu mubhuku iri chokwadi kuti akabvumira vamwe yokungotaura nhau, nokudaro kuzarurira yokungotaura mukana nendege kune pedyo mapuraneti. Kondratyuk akatuma kopi imwe Tsiolkovsky uye gare gare mwedzi akapiwa mhinduro umo wechikuru wandaiziva akarumbidza basa rake. Vazhinji riparadzirwe musayendisiti akapa vaaishanda navo. Vamwe verenga bhuku kubva kuremekedzwa, asi hazvingaiti vanzwisise kunyora. Nokuti vamwe muvambi akaramba vasinganzwisisiki eccentric.

Kusungwa uye kuvharirwa

Nguva pfupi pashure bhuku rinonzi Kondratiuk pamwe neshamwari vashanu vakasungwa uye kugara makore matatu mujeri iri 58th "enyika" nyaya. It akanyora nokutuka mumwe navo. Kwapera nguva, mutongo wokutanga kutsiviwa basa iri Special Bureau №14 - «sharashka", apo mabasa vamwe vakasungwa masayendisiti uye nevaongorori. Ikoko Kondratyuk akawana kushandiswa itsva - zvakava kugadzira midziyo inoshandiswa kweShanduro Kuzbass marasha.

Also wakakomberedzwa akasika Crimean papurazi mhepo design, analogues kwakanga isati munyika. To Project Kondratyuka vakabatana mainjiniya akawanda, kusanganisira Nikolay Nikitin, pashure vakavaka Ostankino terevhizheni shongwe muMoscow.

Uchisangana Korolev

Muna 1933, vanhu Commissariat pamusoro Heavy Industry akakumbira kuti GPU nekukurumidza pakusunungura musayendisiti. Saka akasunungurwa Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich. Photos vatsvakurudzi nhasi vari zvisingawanzoitiki, nokuti kuti aifanira kurarama muutapwa, pakutanga, uye zvino pasi kusungwa. mhepo simba racho vakabvumira, uye Kondratiuk vakatoenda Moscow.

In guru Siberian Nugget pandaisangana Sergei Korolev, vakanga vanzwa pamusoro yokungotaura pfungwa ake zvinoshamisa. Future Mugadziri nzvimbo zvitundumuseremusere kupa vaenzi vanoshanda pamwe chiremerera uye chikwata dzakafanana navo. Asi Kondratiuk akaramba. Vavariro yake havana chaizvo kuzivikanwa, asi biographers kubvumirana pane pfungwa kuti kana kushandisa basa chokuita zvechiuto zvirongwa, Queen musayendisiti aigonawo tarisa NKVD. The odhita haana kuvimbisa chinhu chakanaka. Kana ari nhengo vakadzidza pamusoro chaipo Kondratyuka uye ukama aro chena munguva Civil War, masayendisiti zvakare vakatyisidzira mumisasa kana vapfurwa.

Njodzi nemanyoro theorist

Muna 1938 All-Union neZvipupuriro Commission of USSR Academy akauya chikumbiro wakasainwa nemasayendisiti vakakurumbira akawanda. Vakakumbira yokungotaura basa doctorate dhigirii pasina kudzivirira kunyora nhoroondo, zvaizova zvakakodzera kuziva kutsvakurudza kubudirira, izvo zvasvika musayendisiti Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich. Photo akaziva ake injiniya zvivako uye inoratidza kuti mabasa zvakanyorwa zvaiva chikonzero chikuru kuti funga candidacy. Zvisinei, kushanda yakanga yapera.

Chokwadi, panguva soro nhanho havasi vajaira nenhamba sezvo Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich akadaro. Brief Biography of musayendisiti akaenda mhiri chero dzose framework. Gore iroro, kuti muongorori, achitya kuti unpublished mabasa ake, akapa Archive zvinyorwa Borisu Vorobevu kare zvakachengetwa Tsiolkovsky. chenjedzo ichi zvinogoneka kuchengetedza kuzvibereko magwaro anokosha. Shiri chaizvoizvo kuponeswa kubva yokukanganwa uye kurasikirwa wokutanga, achiri vaduku, mipumburu musayendisiti.

rufu

Kamwe Hondo Yenyika II yakatanga, pakati vamwe vazvipiri vakawanda vakauya gwaro bhodhi uye Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich. Yefizikisi uye theorist waiva 62nd Infantry chemazana chehondo. Somunhu nyanzvi, akava basa kuona kutaurirana pakati battalions uye dzimbahwe. Kondratyuka okupedzisira kurwisana kwakaitika usiku kubva 25 kusvika 26 February 1942 pane Oka River muna Oryol mudunhu. The musayendisiti akaurayiwa kurwisana pamwe vokuGermany. akavigwa pedyo nomusha Krivtsovo.

Mumakore akatevera, kutanga Soviet uye ipapo dzakawanda zvishoma nezvishoma vakaziva kukosha mabasa Kondratyuk. Muna 1957, pamusangano Academy of Sciences of USSR, yakatsaurirwa kuna rechi100 gore Tsiolkovsky, Sergei Korolev kuverenga ripoti, izvo vakafunga zvemashoko Yuri Vasilievich. Mashoma mazuva mushure chiitiko akaenda muchadenga yokutanga kubata pasi Satellite.

Direct Kondratyuka pfungwa zvakatanga chinozoiswa vokuAmerica vari womudenga chirongwa "Apollo" iri 60 ies. NASA akashandisa nzira kwemakore makumi mashanu asati yaida masayendisiti Russian. Wide voruzhinji Soviet vakadzidza pamusoro Kondratyuk muna 1969. Zvadaro, muna "Komsomolskaya Pravda," rakabudiswa imwe nyaya, umo kekutanga yose nyika, zvakaziviswa kuti musayendisiti akaita michina hwaakange vokuAmerica yakawira pamusoro mwedzi. Muna 1970, pakaitwa rokutonga basa Kondratyuka mukaruramiswa nyaya umo akapedza makore akawanda ari "sharashka".