Sei mwoyo womunhu, ndezvipi mabasa ayo?

Mwoyo mumuviri womunhu - rinokosha nenyere. basa rake ingafananidzwa pombi. Nemhaka mwoyo pumped ropa mukati arteries uye ichi- zvinofamba kuburikidza nhumbi. Mabasa akadana mumuviri hwose. Kwemakore 70, achiita anenge mabhiriyoni 2-3 mu maronda uye pumps vanopfuura mamiriyoni 170 litres ropa. Saka mamiriro mwoyo? Ndezvipi mabasa ayo?

The nzvimbo uye kukura mwoyo

The chikuru nhengo yomuviri iri pakati pechipfuva. Vazhinji mwoyo iri parutivi muviri rworuboshwe, uye vashoma - zvakarurama. Kunyepa muviri pericardium. Zvinonzi zvakare kunzi pericardium. bhegi ichi zvakasimba, masvingo kubva mumwoyo uye dzimwe nhengo dzomukati havasi kubvumira abve uye pererastyagivatsya panguva muviri.

Kukura mwoyo zvikuru diki. Mumwe munhu ari pamusoro chibhakera. Zvisinei, kukura uye muviri uremu kunogona kuchinjwa. Parameters yakawedzera pasi zvimwe zvirwere. Miganhu uye kurema mwoyo rakawedzera kune vanhu kwenguva refu kwenguva zvinobatanidzwa zvemitambo kana rinonetesa remaoko.

Nemamiriro muviri

Ngationei nemamiriro mwoyo. Masvingo muviri ichi chine matatu akaturikidzana:

1. Epicardium. Izvi dzakaonda Kamudzira chokunze rukoko mwoyo rusvingo.
2. Myocardium. Izvi nyanzvi izwi kunzwisisa pakati rukoko ndiye anokonzera tsandanyama marwadzo mwoyo.
3. Endocardium. Kamudzira ichi, izvo rinotsanangura chinhu womukati hurongwa mumwoyo.

Zvichisanganisa nhengo ichi chinokosha zvikamu zviviri, akaparadzaniswa by partition - gobvu tsandanyama rusvingo. hafu neimwe zvinosanganisira makamuri maviri. Okumusoro zvikamu (kurudyi uye kuruboshwe) dzinonzi atria ezasi - the ventricles. Mumwe kamera ane basa rinokosha muitiro wokufambisa.

atria

Tichifunga kuti nemamiriro kwomwoyo, ndiko kutaura pamusoro atria - dzakaonda-akakomberedzwa Makamuri mwoyo. Vari chiri pamusoro ventricles uye takaparadzaniswa navo atrioventricular mavharuvhu. Govera kurudyi nekuruboshwe atria. Right yokumusoro mutumbi kamera - nzvimbo confluence pamusoro vena cava uye mutsinga nomwoyo. Mashoko aya, tinogona kugumisa kuti atrium ichi anogamuchira venous ropa isina okisijeni.

Kusiyiwa yokumusoro mutumbi kamera iri kunyange chiduku pane zvakarurama. In yake yokutanga mumwena mana pulmonary mutsinga. Izvi, kuti wakasiya atrium anogamuchira ropa itsva, okisijeni-vapfumi uye akagadzirira mamwe akaparadzirwa dzemuviri.

ventricles

Mumufananidzo, izvo zvinoratidza nemamiriro mwoyo womunhu (yaifananidzira pazasi), unogona kuona zvakanaka uye rworuboshwe ventricles. Idzowo chikuru muviri kwetsandanyama. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuruboshwe mukamuri zvichienzaniswa kurudyi zvikuru makuru uye simba. Kodzero ventricle anogamuchira deoxygenated ropa kubva kurudyi atrium. Kana mwoyo makondirakiti nayo anoenda mumapapu kuburikidza pulmonary vharuvhu. Backflow ropa muimba yepamusoro kunodzivisa ari tricuspid vharuvhu, kunonziwo tricuspid.

Kuruboshwe ventricle kubva kuruboshwe atrium anogamuchira ropa, oxygenated. Inoyerera kuburikidza ari mitral (bicuspid) vharafu. Kana tsandanyama sunga kuruboshwe nechepasi ropa Kamuri iri kusingachakosheswi yeropa kuburikidza kutsemuka vharuvhu. ipapo iye anopararira yose muviri womunhu.

basa mwoyo

Uchifunga nemamiriro mwoyo, unofanira kudzidza basa muviri. The ventricles uye atria uve kana ari vakadekara (diastolic) kana yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa (systolic) mamiriro. Kutandara uye marwadzo mumwoyo zvichiitika urongwa:

1. Atrial systole. Rutapudzo yokumusoro muviri kamera - pakutanga cardiac kutenderera. danho iri rinotora 0.1 wechipiri. Munguva systole bapiro mavharuvhu akasvinurira. All ropa kubva atria kusvika ventricles anotumwa. Pashure rutapudzo okumusoro kunoitika kuzvivaraidza danho.
2. Ventricular systole. The rutapudzo of dzapasi mwoyo runogara 0.3 seconds. Semilunar (kutsemuka uye pulmonic) uye bapiro ichibhabhamisa dzakavharika mukutanga chokutambudzika. Ventricular tsandanyama kunoderedza. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, kwokudzvinyirira iri mhango inowedzerawo. Somugumisiro, ropa rwunotumirwa atria. Ikoko, kumanikidza dererei. Zvisinei, ropa kubuda munzvimbo ino afambire bapiro ichibhabhamisa. mashizha haigoni kushodoka kupinda atria. Panguva iyi, akadura semilunar mavharuvhu. Ropa anotanga kufamba ari pulmonary tsinga uye yeropa.
3. Diastole. Ventricles kuzorora pashure marwadzo. danho iri kunotora 0,4 seconds. Munguva zororo nguva, muviri anopinda neropa kubva mutsinga kupinda atrium uye chinopinda aoma kupinda ventricles. Kana mutsva kutenderera kunotanga, residual ropa kubva yokumusoro mutumbi kamera kusundwa dzakaderera nemapoka ake.

Tichifunga kuti nemamiriro mwoyo uye kuti inoshanda, ndiko kutaura riparadzirwe madenderedzwa - zvikuru nezviduku. Wokutanga anotanga yeropa. Rinobva rworuboshwe ventricle oxygenated ropa. Makurusa ropa mudziyo inoyerera kuburikidza arteries, arterioles, capillaries, kuendesa okisijeni vose masero uye pamiitiro kubva vaunganidza carbon dioxide. Somugumisiro yacho rirambe richibvira pomumbure anosiya venous ropa. Chokutanga, chinofamba venules, uye ipapo - kuburikidza mutsinga nemhango mutsinga. Somugumisiro, izvozvo muwisira rworudyi atrium, uye kubva ipapo rwunotumirwa kurudyi ventricle.

Pulmonary kuparadzirwa kunotanga pulmonary tsinga achibuda rworudyi ezasi Makamuri mwoyo. Venous ropa anopinda mumapapu, kunoita kuburikidza arteries, arterioles uye capillaries yenharaunda iri nhengo idzi. Somugumisiro, rikawira kune Formação de - tuduku matema kuti vakafufutirwa mhepo. Ropa absorbs okisijeni, anatswa, carbon dioxide uye anopinda tsinga. Izvi midziyo ropa vanofanira atrium kuruboshwe. ropa rake kusingachakosheswi ventricle kuruboshwe. Zvadaro zvose inodzokororwa zvakare. Ropa anotanga kufamba nenzira huru denderedzwa kweropa.

nhego basa

Zvaakanga akaongorora nemamiriro mwoyo, unogona kudana mabasa ayo. Mumwe wavo - mota. Inokosha nhengo dzemuviri panguva kutandara kwomwoyo tsandanyama ane mhango kuti kuunganidza inotevera mugove ropa inoyerera kubva atrium mumidziyo ropa. Kushanda wechipiri mwoyo - jekiseni. It anosunungurwa mugomba ropa iri zviduku yeChina ropa kuparadzirwa apo kuderedza ventricles.

Sei mwoyo womunhu, munhu wose anofanira kuziva. imi mose vanofanira kuva ruzivo pamusoro zviri mukati muviri wake, iyo kurongedza kuitika mairi. Kubva basa mwoyo kunoenderana mamiriro utano uye utano hwevanhu. Kuburikidza kushanda nhengo ropa anoparadzira nomuviri, zvokudya nhengo dzose uye nyama pamwe okisijeni, pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu, simba, uye zvinotora kuti carbon dioxide inobvisa uye tsvina.