Non-ferrous simbi uye ayo jogirafi

Non-ferrous simbi zvinoreva rinorema maindasitiri. Zvinonzi aidaro kugadzirwa, kubudiswa uye vapfume esimbi chete vasiri ferrous simbi. Pane zvinhu zvitatu chikuru: aruminiyamu, mhangura uye nickel indasitiri. In indasitiri ino ine maitiro ayo - zvoupfumi, nenzvimbo uye nevamwe. Ngationgororei izvozvo muudzame, zvose mukati munyika uye pasi pose.

A chinhu chine indasitiri ndiyo zvifambiso hazvikubatsiriyi vasiri ferrous simbi ores nechinangwa kubudiswa uye vapfume. Naizvozvo, Non-ferrous simbi dziri sezvo pedyo sezvinobvira kunzvimbo yavo inoshandiswa. The mined mhangura ine chiduku chakapatsanurwa vasiri ferrous simbi. It anosarudza nzvimbo kugadzira Enterprises. Hazvina inoshanda kutakura munhu yakawanda "varara" mhangura. Ichi miganhu features, ndiro non-ferrous simbi.

The indasitiri ine zvinokosha nezvainoita maindasitiri nesimba munyika. nesimbi aya anodiwa mumunda engineering dzimwe nzvimbo upfumi. Non-ferrous simbi chinhu chinhu chakarairwa kunovimbisa pave nesayenzi uye michina mberi.

Kuwedzera mapazi rakakamurwa kuva kutungamirira-zingi, tungsten-molybdenum, Titanium, nickel-cobalt indasitiri. Also zvaisanganisira muri kugadzirwa zvisingawanzoitiki simbi, simbi zvakaoma uye simbi dzinokosha.

Kune zvitatu matanho anokosha muitiro mvumo non-ferrous simbi:

1. Extraction of yakatsvuka zvinhu zvayo vapfume.

2. redistribution esimbi mune simbi zvigayo.

3. Processing vasiri ferrous simbi.

Kukura nesayenzi yemazuva kunoda kuti asiri ferrous simbi kwakawedzera mavhoriyamu ayo. Nokuti zviitiko zvitsva zvinoda zvikuru nemishonga uye hunogara alloys. Vari kwakavakirwa titanium uye aruminiyamu chinokurira. The zvichiguma alloys anoshandiswa mune chombo, ndege maindasitiri, nzvimbo-zvakagadzirwa mumunda, shipbuilding nezvimwe minda engineering.

Copper inoshandiswa yakachena chimiro kana sezvo alloys nevamwe zvinoriumba. Somuenzaniso, kana unobatanidza pamwe vakawana netini yendarira, zingi - nendarira, aruminiyamu - duralumin, nickel - nickel sirivha.

Noble nesimbi zvaishandiswa kwezvishongo uye kugadzirwa siyana zvokushandisa. Nonferrous simbi zvinowanzodavirwa yakatanga muna Russia.

Nokuti mhangura indasitiri kunoratidzwa kutaridza nechokumusoro kwerwizi uye nomurwizi mabhizimisi. Izvi imhaka low wevasungwa mhangura pesimbi mined. A yakawanda akaitwa uye zvivako kuti mugodhi uye kubudiswa nemhangura esimbi riri Urals. Panewo emakambani kuti kugadzirwa cobalt, tini, nedzimwe simbi.

Copper uye nickel anobudiswa muna Norilsk Tanahskogo munda nharaunda.

On kuchera goridhe Russia pokutanga 6th munyika, uye rikaratidzwa reserves wechipiri chete kuna South Africa. Kusiyanisa pakati friable mhangura uye kunzwisisa munda. Zvikuru akanakira pagadzirwe friable deposits, asi avo reserves vari kwezvinoshandiswa. Saka, mumakore achangopfuura akaita kukura mamwe nemigodhi esimbi.

The chikuru Nzvimbo migodhi yendarama anonzi Bodaibo. Pane kuva zvimbambaira pachiimbwa makambani Australian. KuFar East, rinobereka vanenge zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvose zvendarama zviri Urals - vanenge 5%, uye muna Eastern Siberia - mumwe nechechina.

Diamond firimu, Russia ndiyo mumwe vaikudzwa nzvimbo. deposits dzavo huru dziri muna Yakutia. Panewo deposits ari Arkhangelsk, Irkutsk Region uye Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Nonferrous simbi zvakare nyika vapfumi uye siyana. Pano ari hunodzorwa matombo nzvimbo kuwanika kunyanya deposits, zvinhu esimbi mugodhi uye zvakatipoteredza. The chikuru deposits vasiri ferrous ores dziri muna Australia, South Africa, Guinea, India, Chile, Peru, Venezuela uye dzimwe nyika. Nyika dzakawanda dziri kushanda munharaunda iyi nechinangwa Kusimudzira kunyatsoshanda uye unhu kukura mune dzisiri ferrous simbi.