Sergey Baruzdin: nhoroondo yemunyori wevana

Pane imwe nguva pane imwe papa,

Ane mutsa zvikuru,

Kunongodzoka nguva

Uye ini ndakatora basa kumba.

Amai ava vakatsamwa.

Iyi mitsetse ndeyeSoviet munyori uye munyori wenhetembo Sergei Baruzdin. Zvakareruka uye zvisiri nyore, asi panguva imwe chete inodziya, semvura yechando, inoramba ichiyeuka kwenguva yakareba.

Kubwinya kwaSergey Baruzdin

Munyori akagara uye akashanda panguva apo mabhuku ainyatsoongororwa nekuongorora. Zvose mabasa akabuda aifanira kukudza simba reSoviet. Kazhinji akaita chero chevanyori vanogona kugadzira basa risina kuparidzirwa mune zvematongerwo enyika, asi Sergei Baruzdin akazviita.

Basa rake rose rinovhenekera chiedza chitsva chevanhu uye rudo kuvanhu. Haana kuverenga tsika uye kuparidza, akaratidza zvose zvisikwa zvake uye hupenyu hwake, mararamiro aanoita, kuitira kuti zvive zvakanaka kwete iye oga aidiwa, asi kune vanhu vose varipo. Akanzi shamwari chaiye yevana.

Muhupenyu hwake hwose, munyori akanyora mabhuku anopfuura 200 kuvana nevakuru. Kupararira kwemabasa ake kunenge mamiriyoni zana emakopi. Mabhuku akabudiswa mumitauro inenge 70. Basa rake rakakosheswa zvikuru naNadezhda Krupskaya naLev Kassil, Konstantin Simonov naMaria Prilezhayeva.

Sergey Baruzdin: biography

Akazvarwa muMoscow muna 1926. Baba vakanyora nhetembo uye mwanakomana akadzidzisawo kudanana nhetembo. Zvinhu zvose zvakazobudirira kwazvo: mabasa ake akadhindwa mupepanhau remadziro echikoro, uye zvakare mumagazini yePioneer uye pepanhau Pionerskaya Pravda. Nadezhda Krupskaya akateerera tarenda ruduku ndokumutumira kuimba yekunyora yeImba yePiyona.

Vachizivana vatsva nevanhu vanofarira, basa nebasa raidiwa - upenyu hwakanga huri nyore uye hwakanaka, asi zvinhu zvose zvakachinja, uye nyika yakajairika yakagumburwa mumaawa mashomanana, apo Hondo yePatriotic yakatanga. Mwedzi mishoma shure kweizvozvo, baba vangu vakafa. Kushungurudzika uye rufu zvakakurumidza kuputika munyika yefungidziro uye kurota kwechirwere muduku.

Sergei aiva nemakore gumi nemana chete, uye aida kwazvo mberi, asi ikoko haana kutorwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakajeka. Gore mushure mekumuka kwehondo, achizvipira iye kwemakore mashoma, akanga atova akarwisana muzvombo zvekurwa, akabatanidzwa mukudzivirirwa kweMoscow, akatora Berlin uye akasunungura Prague. Yakapiwa mirairo nemarindi. Zvimwe zvinodhura kupfuura mamwe mimwe mibairo yaiva medal "For the Defense of Moscow".

Mushure mehondo akapinda muLitarian Institute yakatumidzwa naMorgan Gorky. Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza, akanga ari mupepeti wemagazini ePiyona uye Friendship of Peoples. Yakashanda mubhodhi reVanyori 'Union re USSR. Sergei Baruzdin akafa musi waMarch 4, 1991.

Nyaya Youshamwari hweMarudzi

Pakazosvika 39, Baruzdin akava munyori wekusava bhuku rakakurumbira muSoviet Union. Magazini akaverengwa aiva "Nyika Itsva", "Oktoba", "Banner". "Ushamwari hwevanhu" hwakatumidzwa "guva guru rekunyora kwehama," uye nyaya iyi yakanga isingakoshi zvachose.

Asi thanks kwaSergei Baruzdin, K. Simonov, Yu Trifonov, V. Bykov, A. Rybakov nevamwe vakabudiswa mairi, kwete chete kuzivikanwa asiwo kusingazivikanwe kune ani zvake. Vazhinji vanyori venyika uye vanyori vakanyanyozivikanwa chete mushure mekubudiswa mu "Ushamwari hweMarudzi". Baruzdin aigara aine zvinetso nekudzivirira, asi akakwanisa kudzivirira vanyori uye kudzivirira nzvimbo yake.

Mushure mekubudiswa kwemagazini kune vanyori vose vakabudiswa munyaya iyi, akanyora tsamba nekuonga nokuda kwebasa racho. Uye ukuru hwebhuku racho kwakanga kusina kukosha: kubva pane inoverengeka kusvika kune chinyorwa chiduku.

Baruzdin akakwanisa kuita "Ushamwari hweMamwe Marudzi" mumwe wevanonyanya kuda uye vanoverengwa muSoviet Union. Ichokwadi, pasinei nokuti ichiva chakaipa sei, chave chimwe chezvinhu zvinosiyanisa magazini. Pamapeji ayo Russian uye kushandura mabhuku zvakanyatsobatanidzwa.

Sergey Baruzdin: mabhuku

Kuumbwa kwounhu hwemunyori kwakakonzerwa zvikuru nehondo. Akaenda mberi sezvaaiva mukomana, asi akauya semurwi akanga aona zvakawanda. Pakutanga akanyora pamusoro pehondo. Iyi yaiva nhau, asi munyori haana kutsanangura zvinotyisa, asi nhau dzinonakidza dzakaitika pamberi pake nevanun'una vake.

Muna 1951, munyori akanyora bhuku, iro rimwe remakadhi ake ebhizinesi. Ichi ndicho chirevo pamusoro pemusikana Svetlana. Pakutanga kwebhuku, ane makore matatu, musikana wacho anongonyatsoziva nyika yakakura iri kumativi ose. Nhepfenyuro nyaya dzinotsanangura zviitiko kubva muupenyu hwake. Zviri nyore uye zvinonzwisisika, Baruzdin inodzidzisa muverengi zvinhu zvinokosha: mutoro webasa, kuremekedza vakuru, kubatsira vakwegura, nezvimwe zvakawanda.

Anenge makore gumi nemashanu mushure mehondo, akanyora bhuku romuzvinyorwa, "Kudzokorora Kwakapfuura." Nguva huru yakareba inovhara bhuku: nguva yorugare, makore ekurwisana uye mushure mehondo-nguva. Baruzdin akanyora nezvekuoma kwakadini kwehondo vanyori vekuchikoro nevasikana vechikoro, uye kuti sei vakomana nevasikana vasati vatanga kuva varwi vachidzivirira nyika yavo. Kutendeseka uye kutendeseka ndiko kusiyaniswa kwebhuku rino. Pakutanga yakanyorerwa muverengi mukuru, uye gare gare yakagadzirirwa vana naSergei Baruzdin.

Nhetembo uye prose, pamwe nehupfumi, munyori uyu akanyora. Ane mabhuku akawanda evana, maanozovatumira kune nhoroondo yenyika yedu yekumusha: "Kwaive nemusoja mumugwagwa" uye "Nyika yatinogara". Uyewo maiva nemabhuku pamusoro peGreat Patriotic War: "Tonya kubva Semenovka" uye "Zita rake ndiElka". Paivawo nemabasa pamusoro pemhuka: "Ravi naShashi" uye "Sei Snowball yasvika kuIndia". Mukuwedzera, rinofanira kucherechedzwa kuunganidza zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinonzi "People and Books".

Kunaka E. Asadov, A. Barto, L. Voronkova, L. Kassil, M. Isakovsky nevamwe vazhinji vanyori veSoviet uye vanyori vanowedzera pedyo uye vanonyatsonzwisisika mushure mekuverenga zvinyorwa muupenyu hwavo, zvakanyorwa naSergei Baruzdin.

Basic principles

• Usakanganise chokwadi chiripo.
• Zvakanaka zvinofanira kukunda.
• Usashandise zvirevo zvakaoma mumabasa - zvose zvinofanira kunyorwa mumutauro wakajeka, zvinonzwisisika kune muverengi muduku.
• Izwi rebasa, ruramisiro, nyika dzose.
• Vamutsa muverengi avo maonero akanaka uye anonzwisisika.

Ongororo

Vakawanda vanoyemura zvekugadzira kwaBaruzdin vanoti mabasa ake ane mutsa zvikuru uye ari nyore kuverenga. Uye zvinonakidza kwete chete kuvana, asiwo kuvakuru. Icho chinoyeuchidza imwe yehutano husina hanya, zvinofadza kune vamwe kuti vazive nezvekuti vezera ravo vari kure vanogara sei.

Sergei Baruzdin akanyora nhetembo uye nhoroondo, manyore uye manyozha kwete chete kuvana, asiwo kune vanhu vakuru. Mabhuku emunyori uyu anoshamisa achiri kufara nhasi. Kufarira kwakanyanya kuvana kunokonzerwa nhetembo. Kunyanya kuzivikanwa kune avo: "Tora nekudaro", "Ndiani ari kudzidza nhasi", "Sekuru vangu", "Nhanho nehanho", "Log" nevamwe vakawanda.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti basa romunyori uyu anoshamisa achiri kufadza nhasi. Zviri nyore kutaurira mwana nezvezvinhu zvikuru muupenyu, kwete kudzidzisa uye kutsika, hazvipi kune munyori wese. Icho chipo chechokwadi, uye chakanga chave chakakwana chaSergei Baruzdin - munyori uyo ndiye akakosha zvikuru aiva mutoro mberi kwechizvarwa chiduku.