Solovev Vladimir, muzivi: Biography, zvinyorwa

Vladimir Solovyov aiva mumwe kupfuura nevafungi ava kunopera XIX remakore Russian dzechitendero. Aiva munyori vanoverengeka pfungwa uye nedzidziso (Mwari-murume, uye saka Panmongolism. D.), richiri kuitwa akadzidza zvakadzama nezvinhu mumhuri vazivi.

makore okutanga

Muzivi ramangwana Soloviev Vladimir Sergeyevich akaberekwa January 28, 1853 muMoscow, mwanakomana yakakurumbira wenhoroondo Sergeya Soloveva (munyori multivolume "History of Russia kubvira kare"). Mukomana ari 5th High School, uye gare gare akapinda Physics uye Mathematics rorusununguko Moscow State University. Kubva pauduku hwake Soloviev kuverenga mabasa vanongofungidzira German uye Slavophiles. Uyezve, yakanga guru simba okunyanyisa materialists. Kuti chido Vakauya jaya iri physico-kwemasvomhu fakaroti Zvisinei, pashure rechipiri gore hwakatamisirwa History uye Philology. Nemhando mabhuku pfuma muduku Vladimir Solovyov kunyange akakandwa nepahwindo hwake mukamuri Icon kupfuura baba kugumbuka chaizvo. Kazhinji, kuwanda kuverenga ake ipapo yaisanganisira Khomyakov, Schelling uye Hegel.

Sergey akaisa mwanakomana wake basa rakaoma uye yauinayo. nerimwe gore iye zvakanyatsorongwa rakabudiswa chokwadi rake "History" iri mupfungwa uyu waiva mwanakomana mienzanisiro. Sezvo vakuru, Vladimir akanyora ose zuva, pasina chakasara (dzimwe nguva ari scraps mapepa, kana ruoko rwakanga chimwe chinhu).

yunivhesiti basa

Nechekare pazera makore 21 Soloviev akava tenzi uye mutevedzeri wapurofesa. Basa, raakanga akadzivirira, akanga vanoda se "The Crisis of Western Philosophy". The Jaya akasarudza kuwana dhigirii haisi yake chizvarwa Moscow uye St. Petersburg. Chii nemaonero ake bepa yokutanga dzesayenzi akadzivirira Solovev Vladimir? Muzivi akatsoropodza iyoyo yakakurumbira Europe positivism. Agamuchira dhigirii tenzi wacho, akaenda guru rokutanga vatorwa rwendo. Pokuda munyori vakashanyira Old World uye Eastern nyika, kusanganisira Ijipiti. Rwendo zvainyatsokonzerwa nemazvo - Soloviev kufarira mweya wamasvikiro uye Kabbalah. Uyezve, zviri Alexandria uye Cairo, akatanga basa iri dzidziso yake Sofia.

Tichidzokera kumba, Soloviev akatanga kudzidzisa ari St. Petersburg University. Akasangana uye akava noushamwari pamwe Fedorom Dostoevskim. Munyori "The Brothers Karamazov" sechinhu kumumvuri pamusoro Alesha akasarudza Vladimir Solovyov. Panguva ino, zvakanga akaputsa mumwe hondo Russian-wokuTurkey. Sezvazvakanyorwa akaita Solovev Vladimir? Muzivi zvinenge zvisinei akaenda mberi somuzvipiri, panguva yokupedzisira akachinja pfungwa dzake. Akati ake zvakadzama rezvitendero uye dzairamba hondo. Muna 1880 iye akadzivirira chinyorwa chake uye akava chiremba. Zvisinei, nokuda kuti mukakavadzane pamwe Rector of kuyunivhesiti - Mikhail Vladislavlev - Solovyov haana kuwana pambiru muzvinafundo.

Kugumiswa kudzidzisa basa

The kuchinja nokuda anofunga rakava 1881. Ipapo yose nyika ikadengenyeka kuipandukira kupondwa chevaux Alexander II. Kuti pasi izvi ezvinhu akaita Solovev Vladimir? Muzivi, akanunura hurukuro yavose umo akati kuti zvakakosha yacho nemagandanga. Chiito ichi vakaratidza mafungiro uye dzidziso Solovyov. Aidavira kuti hurumende haina kodzero kuuraya vanhu, kunyange mukupindura wokuurayira. Pfungwa yokukanganwira kwechiKristu kwamanikidza munyori wose, asi mano danho iri.

Hurukuro kwakatungamirira chigumbuso. Nezvazvo zvikazikamwa panguva chaizvo pamusoro. Interior Minister Loris-Melikov akanyora mutsva chamber Alexander III dzemari, izvo akakurudzira autocrat hakusi kuranga muzivi nokuda yakadzika rezvitendero okupedzisira. Uyezve, munyori hurukuro aiva mwanakomana airemekedzwa wenhoroondo, kamwe aimbova Rector of Moscow University. Alexander paakapindura rinonzi Solovyov "psychopath" uye chipangamazano wake yepedyo Konstantin Pobedonostsev vaiona nemhosva pamberi pechigaro "kupenga."

Pashure muzivi ichi vakasiya St. Petersburg State University, kunyange hazvo akanga asina kudzingwa basa. Chekutanga, raiva hype, uye chepiri kuti munyori vanoda kuisa zvinhu mabhuku uye nyaya. Yakanga pashure 1881 vakatanga nguva hwokusika maruva kuti akapona Solovev Vladimir. Muzivi akanyora pasina kumbomira, nokuti iye akanga ari chete nzira mari.

Knight-Monk

Maererano netsamba vakararama panguva, akararama Solovyov mu makaitika ezvinhu. Permanent musha haana. The munyori akagara mumahotera kana vane shamwari zhinji. Household inconstancy zvakaipa utano. Mukuwedzera, muzivi aigara vaichengeta akapedza. Uye izvi zvose pamwe muviri zvikuru. Pakupedzisira, Solovyev akaramba chinopinda turpentine. To mvura iyi, zvinonzi sevanhu kuporesa uye husinganzwisisiki. Turpentine Apartments ake ose vakanga zvakakangwa.

Zvakawanda nzira youpenyu uye emunyori mukurumbira yakafuridzirwa mudetembi Alexander Blok akadana netsamba dzake knight-mumongi. Solovyov mavambo kwakaratidzwa pacharo zvose. Writer Andrey Bely akasiya ndangariro, umo Somuenzaniso, rinoti kuti muzivi aiva zvinoshamisa kuseka. Dzimwe shamwari vakafunga akanga Homeric uye vachifara, vamwe - hwoudhimoni.

Solovev Vladimir Sergeevich kazhinji akaenda kunze kwenyika. Muna 1900, nguva yokupedzisira akadzokera kuMoscow, kuisa mashoko shanduro mabasa Plato wake pachake. Ipapo munyori vakanetseka. Akaendeswa Sergeyu Trubetskomu - yechitendero muzivi, publicist, nomukurumbira uye mudzidzi Soloviev. mhuri yake vaiva kuMoscow wakare Bottleneck. To Vladimir Sergeyevich vanachiremba yakasvika kuisa mwoyo chirwere - "cirrhosis of itsvo" uye "atherosclerosis". Muviri munyori chapera zadzisa panguva dhesiki. Mhuri yaakanga ararama oga, saka kutevera tsika dzake uye kukanganisa Solovyov hapana aigona. Manor yakamanikana uye rava nzvimbo rufu rwake. Muzivi, akafa August 13, 1900. Akavigwa Novodevichy Cemetery, pedyo baba vake.

urume

Chinhu chikamu chenhaka Vladimira Soloveva raro pfungwa Mwari-murume. Dzidziso iyi yakatanga kuisa mberi muzivi wake "Lectures" muna 1878. Its chikuru pafungidziro ndiro goho kubatana womunhu uye Mwari. Solovyov aibata nokutsoropodzwa kune tsika vakawanda kutenda Russian rudzi. Aiona netsika tsika "sina hunhu."

dzimwe Vazivi Russian zhinji, uyewo Solovyov akaedza kuti pfungwa iyoyo mamiriro yeRussian Orthodox Church. Mudzidziso dzake, munyori akashandisa izwi Sophia, kana uchenjeri, waiva kuva mweya mutsva kutenda. Uyezve, iye ane muviri - the Church. Zviri nenzanga vatendi aizova chinoumba munhu akanaka vanhu ramangwana.

Solovyov wake "Lectures Mwari-murume," vakazivisa kuti Chechi iri kuitika kuburikidza chakakura dambudziko. Hazvina ichiparara uye asina simba pamusoro mupfungwa vanhu, uye panzvimbo yayo itsva kutaura mukurumbira asi gakava dzidziso - positivism uye gutsaruzhinji. Solovev Vladimir Sergeevich (1853-1900) ainyatsotenda kuti mhaka nenjodzi yomudzimu iyi yaiva Great French Revolution, izvo yakadengenyeka nheyo dzose muvanhu European. The 12 kuverengwa theorist kuedza kuratidza kuti chete yoku- chechi uye chitendero kunogona kutora pfungwa Vacuum, apo panguva pakuguma XIX remakore vazhinji enyika okunyanyisa dzidziso. Solovyov haana kurarama wokutanga yechimurenga Russia muna 1905, asi iye aiona sokuti izvozvo kuuya zvechokwadi.

Pfungwa Sophia

Maererano pfungwa muzivi, nheyo kubatana Mwari uye munhu anogona rakatangwa muna Sofia. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso dzakanakira vanhu kwakavakirwa kuda muvakidzani rwechiKristu. Achitaura pamusoro Sophia ndiye chaiyeiye chinangwa emunhu, munyori "Kuverenga" uyewo akamutsa nyaya wezvose. Akarondedzera dzidziso yake cosmogonic muitiro.

Book muzivi Vladimir Solovyov (10 kuverenga) rinotipa muronga chidzoke kwenyika. Chokutanga, kwaiva ichikosha kuti Astral. Writer kusonganira pamwe Islam. Ipapo vaitevedzera Solar ichikosha. Panguva aiva zuva, kupisa, chiedza, remagineti nezvimwe chaiko mananara. On the mapeji mabasa ake theorist rakasungirwa nguva iyi vakawanda rezuva ezvitendero zviduku yekare - kutenda muna Apollo, Osiris, Adonis uye Hercules. Nokuuya munyika zvipenyu vakatanga wokupedzisira, Telluric nguva.

Iyi akapa ngwariro chaiyo Vladimir Solovyov. Wenhoroondo, muzivi uye theorist pachena vatatu anokosha dzomunyika munhoroondo yevanhu. marudzi awa (vaGiriki, vaHindu uye vaJudha) aigona kupa pfungwa imwe yokutanga dzakanakira vanhu pasina ropa uye zvimwe zvakaipa. It akaparidzwa Iisus Hristos pakati vanhu vechiJudha. Solovyov vakamuitira kwete somunhu; asi somunhu akakwanisa embody yose evanhu. Kunyange zvakadaro, muzivi vaidavira kuti vanhu vakaisa zvinhu zvikuru kupfuura naMwari. The pachake musimboti ichi chakava Adam.

Kuvabvunzeiko Sofia, Vladimir Solovyov vakanamatira yokuti zvisikwa ane mweya waro kuroorwa. Aidavira kuti vanhu vanofanira kutevedzera murayiro uyu apo vanhu vose vane zvimwe. maonero aya muzivi akawana mumwe chadzera dzechitendero. Aiva Uniate (kureva waitsigira kubatana nekereke). Pane kunyange maonero kuti vatendeukira kuchiKaturike, kunyange zvazvo ari nharo nokutaura biographers pamusana Chidimbu hunhu uye zvinopa inaccuracy. Imwe nzira kana mumwe, asi Solovyov aiva chinoshingaira mutsigiri kubatanidzwa Western uye Eastern Church.

"Runako Nature"

Mumwe chinokosha mabasa Vladimira Soloveva kwake nyaya "Runako Nature", rakabudiswa muna 1889. Muzivi munyaya zvakadzama Fani iyi, amupe mamwe zvidzidzo. Somuenzaniso, akaona runako nzira kuchinja nyaya. Panguva iyoyowo Soloviev akadana kunzwisisa runako pacharo, kwete senzira kuzadzisa zvimwe zvinangwa. Iyewo akataura kunaka pachake imwe pfungwa.

Solovev Vladimir Sergeevich, pfupi Biography inova muenzaniso yemunyori upenyu, izvo zvakakanganisa basa rake zvinenge mabhora ose mabasa evanhu, nyaya ino akatsanangurawo maonero aaiita art. Muzivi vaidavira kuti akanga agara anazvo mumwe chete chinangwa - kuvandudza ukoshi nezvainoita hunhu uye mweya womunhu. The gakava nezvechinangwa mifananidzo yaiva yakakurumbira mukupera XIX remakore. Somuenzaniso, musi iwoyo akataura Leo NdiTolstoy, uyo pamwe chete munyori sananga nharo. Solovev Vladimir Sergeevich, vane nhetembo vanozivikanwa zvishoma pane mabasa ake kwouzivi aivawo nyanduri, saka haisi kufunga pamusoro art. "Runako Nature" Sezvineiwo kukanganiswa mafungiro intelligentsia of Silver Age. Kukosha ino nokuda okugadzira zvinhu zvenyu vakapemberera vanyori Alexander Blok uye Andrei Bely.

"Zvinoreva Love"

Chii akasiya Vladimir Solovyov? Urume (yayo huru pfungwa) yakazokudziridzwa mune nyaya yaiva nomusoro waiti "Zvinoreva Rudo", rakabudiswa muna 1892-1893. Ava vakanga kungogara bhuku, sorutivi akaumbwa rose. Munyaya yokutanga Solovyov akapikisa pfungwa yokuti rudo ndiyo nzira chete wokuberekana uye kuenderera rwevanhu. Uyezve, munyori akaenzanisa maonero ake. Akafananidza motherboard kese, ushamwari, pabonde, usingaonekwi rudo, rudo nokuda Yababa, uye zvichingodaro. D. Panguva iyoyowo akabata hunhu udyire. Nokuti Soloveva Vanya ndiro chete simba chinogona kukonzera kuti munhu transcend individualistic pfungwa pazviri.

Achiratidza tinyatsonzwisisa vamwe vazivi Russian. Somuenzaniso, Nikolay Berdyaev akatenda kutenderera "kupfuura zvinoshamisa zvakanyorwa nezvorudo." A Nadya Losev, uyo akazova mumwe munyori wacho Biography, akasimbisa kuti Solovyov akatenda rudo nzira kuzadzisa husingaperi kubatana (saka zimukadzimu).

"Yokururamiswa Akanaka"

Bhuku "Yokururamiswa Akanaka", zvakanyorwa muna 1897, chinokosha basa yetsika pamusoro Vladimir Solovyov. The munyori akaronga kuramba basa iri rine zvikamu zviviri uye, nokudaro, kuti kubudisa trilogy, asi haana kuva nguva kuita pfungwa yake. Mubhuku rino, munyori yataurwa nharo kuti zvakanaka misoro zvodini. Pakutanga nokuti chinoita hwaro evanhu. Soloviev akaratidza chokwadi pfungwa yokuti vanhu vose vanoziva nokuberekwa nepfungwa nyadzi, iro neava uye haagoni kunzi kubva kunze. Iye akadana, uye zvimwe zvakafanana cho unhu kwevanhu - kushamisa uye tsitsi.

Welcome chinhu chinokosha pamusoro rwevanhu, nokuti anokupai naMwari. Solovyov, achitsanangura chinyorwa ichi, kunyanya kushandiswa matsime dzemubhaibheri. Akasvika mhedziso kuti nhoroondo yose yevanhu - ndiwo muitiro yokuchinjira kubva kunyikadzimu zvakasikwa kuti yemweya (ndiko kuti, kubva chinyakare zvakaipa zvakanaka). An muenzaniso yokufananidzira ndiyo shanduka nzira kurangwa vemhosva. Solovyov akati kuti pakupedzisira akanyangarika nheyo ropa kutsiva. Uyewo mubhuku rino akataura kamwe zvakare kuzorwa kushandiswa rufu.

"Kukurukurirana Three"

Kwemakore, muuzivi okugadzira zvinhu akanyora akawanda mabhuku, hurukuro, nyaya uye zvichingodaro. D. Asi, kufanana ose munyori, akanga ari wokupedzisira basa, izvo akazova Paaipedzisa kutaura refu nzira. Chii akamira Vladimir Sergeevich Solovev? "Three Kukurukurirana musi War, Progress uye kuguma kwenhoroondo yenyika" - saka yainzi bhuku, zvakanyorwa Muchirimo 1900, nguva pfupi asati afa. Rakabudiswa pashure yemunyori kubva muupenyu. Naizvozvo, biographers zhinji uye vanotsvakurudza mauya kuzoona rive testamende kuna okusika munyori.

Uzivi Vladimira Sergeevicha Soloveva, rinobaya chokuita dambudziko yeropa, yakavakirwa zvichemo maviri. War - zvakaipa, asi kunyange iye aigona kuva zvakanaka. Somuenzaniso, imwe anofunga akapa muenzaniso chokudzivirira mishandirapamwe muna Vladimir Monomakh Polovtsian inowanzorimwa. With hondo iyi, muchinda akakwanisa kuponesa necheSalvic kugarwa kubva kunoparadza vachirwisa ari inowanzorimwa vanogara pane takarurama nezvaaizoita.

In kukurukura wechipiri panhau mberi Solovyov vakati Kushanduka dzakawanda ukama, dzakanga dzakavakwa pamusoro pemisimboti norugare. Kunyange zvazvo nyika simba kupfuura vainyatsoda kuwana pakati nepakati pavo kukurumidza kuchinja nyika. Zvisinei, muzivi asisiri akaona ropa dzenyika kuti yakagundika mumatongo ino. A munyori ari kukurukurirana wechipiri akasimbisa kuti huru zviitiko munhoroondo vanhu kwakaitika kuFar East. Sezvo nyika dzokuEurope vaiita pakati China uye Japan akaita akatanga nzira unopinza mberi muenzaniso Western.

Hurukuro yechitatu kuguma zvenhoroondo yenyika Solovyov, pamwe ake achiita umwari vakati kuti, pasinei zvakanaka kuitika munyika zvakaipa hwaponeswa, kureva kwaAntikristu. In chete chikamu uzivi wandakatanga akashandisa shoko rokuti "Panmongolism" uyo vakazotanga kushandisa vateveri vake vakawanda. Fani iyi ndiyo kusimbisa Asian vanhu pamusoro European Colonisation. Soloviev aidavira kuti China uye Japan vanobatana nemauto, kuumba chete muumambo nokudzinga vatorwa kubva kumatunhu pedyo, kusanganisira Burma.