St. Clement Inkerman Cave Monastery: tsananguro, nhoroondo, nzvimbo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Inkerman Cave Monastery ndiye dangwe pakati mubako dzemamongi iri muCrimea. The dombo yemamongi (ayo wokumavirira chikomo) Akavezerapo chikuru musha wayo. Pamusoro enyika kuruware nematongo nhare Calamita, pakusikwa izvo zvinoreva kuti VI remakore. Munyaya ino, isu tsanangura Inkerman Cave wemamonk, kushanyirwa razova chinokosha tsika zvirongwa vanhu vakawanda vakasarudza kuzoshanyira Sevastopol. Akagara pedyo neguta, muna Inkerman (weChicago Sevastopol). Tichakurukura muudzame nezvenhoroondo wemamongi uye zvetemberi huru.

St Clement

Munhu akavamba St. Clement bako yemamongi riri St. Clement, mumwe vaparidzi inozivikanwa kwazvo chitendero chechiKristu. Iye wakagadzwa nomuapostora Petro muRoma. Nokuti kuparidza chiKristu muguta rino Clement akasungwa akaendeswa Chersonese. Pane kare vainge 2 zviuru. VaKristu kare vakatambura zvinoitirwa. Uye yamabwe musande vakaparidza kutenda kwake. angaratidza zhinji uye vakasununguka vanhu vaigara pedyo vakabhabhatidzwa naye. Vatongi Chersonese hanya ichi, bhishopi akaurayiwa mugore 101. Mutsipa wake tambo chikepe, uye ipapo vakanyura mune pedyo Cossack Bay.

Kuvaka chechi uye zvisaririra St. Clement

Kwapera gore, yakaderera kumiswa, zvisaririra avakarurama akawanikwa nenzira pasi pemvura cavern. Kubvira ipapo, mumwe gore pazuva rokufa kwake, vatendi vakasvika panzvimbo nokufa kwake. Vakaenda kubhadhara kukotamira zvisaririra tsvene achifumura pasi. Kusvika XI remakore, gungwa nenyika kubvumira vanhu kuti outorwa. Zvadaro, pachitsuwa duku riri pakati Bay, chechi yakavakirwa, uye zvisaririra Clement vakatamira ikoko. Uye munguva yedu pane chitsuwa ichi. Zvino ndiwo mundima reuto. Somugumisiro Zvakafukunurwa kuitwa 1890, vanoverengeka makamuri, uyewo kuva chapero pamwe zvisaririra womusande zvakawanikwa.

Muna 861, pasi Saints Kirill I Mefody akasvika Hersonissos. With mvumo yomunharaunda bhishopu mukuru, vakatora zvisaririra navo, uye akamatakura kuenda kuRoma. Nanhasi, akachengetwa pano, ari Basilica of St. Clement. Prince Vladimir akabhabhatidzwa muna Hersonissos, ari X remakore, vakatamira Kiev chikamu zvisaririra womusande.

Construction simbisa

Byzantines muna VI remakore akaisa ayo Kusimbaradza panguva pamusoro wemamonk mawere. Wakagara navo yakura: padombo nemifananidzo zvishoma nezvishoma masero, machechi uye bako makamuri. Vari zvose zvakabatana ne nezvikwiriso akavezwa mudombo. Asi, zviri kugadziriswa-ikonopochitateli mamongi avo vakatiza kubva Byzantine Empire paitambudzwa iconoclastic.

The chidzoke dzomumisha, kuti kubatwa wakakombwa nokuda vokuTurkey

In Zagaytanskoy chikomo iri kumabvazuva yonhuwa mumapako dzakawanda tiers akawanda, paiva Ages kugarwa, iro richiri havaratidzi kunzwisisa. Asati pakutanga XIV remakore rakanyorwa uchapupu Kalam haana kurarama. Chikamu ichi kuCrimea iri XV remakore yakanga kufurirwa Theodoro kwavabati. In Black River estuary chengarava Avlita akasikwa. Kuti adzivirire Alex, muchinda kangupsky kuvakazve chiri pachitsuwa rusvingo yekare. Saka chakava nhare Kalamita. Izvi nhare 1475, akatapwa vokuTurkey. Ivo reconstructed kuitira kuti anosangana zvaidiwa ane firearm. It vakabva vokuTurkey zita idzva nzvimbo - Inkerman, zvinoreva "bako nhare".

The yemamongi panguva ino yakanga kuderera. Ungangove, zvemamongi vakatama kubva wemamongi Cape Fiolent, apo St. George wemamongi raiva. Mune remangwana vakagara akanga vainzi kwenguva pfupi nguva. Mushure vaKristu vakasiya Crimea muna 1778, wemamongi akapedzisira kusiyiwa.

The kumutsidzirwa wemamongi

Mushure annexation pamusoro Crimea kunharaunda yeRussia akatanga vamutsidzirwezve Inkerman kubako yemamongi (Crimea). Kin yakavhurwa 1850, iri riri pano vakatanga vavakezve vatatu bako mutemberi. Saka ini kuwana upenyu wechipiri Inkerman St. Clement wemamonk. Nhoroondo nayo aizivikanwa dzinoverengeka zviitiko zvinokosha.

Clement Church

Church muzita Clement akanga akagadza pakutanga (kuMiddle Ages raiva St. George Temple, izvo, maererano nengano, Clement pachake akagogodza muruware). Kereke ine Basilica fomu. nzvimbo yayo yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu nokuda mitsara miviri pembiru. Vakapona zvigaro Akaveza mudombo vamwe pembiru, uyewo niche, yakagadzirirwa altarpiece. A refu mukoridho inoenda kuchechi. It akavezwa zvigaro. Uyewo vakapona nenguva yedu maviri mudariro Cintron ari apse. At payo ndizvo zvasara munzvimbo dzokudenga, uye pamadziro pamusoro payo akaveza mumwe niche akaronga kuti altarpiece. Wandisa kutumbuka muchinjikwa vakatema pano. Kana Pamifananidzo vekare kuti achiripo kubva mufananidzo chete pachigaro choushe Muponesi.

Low uye duku chapero rekare raiva kurutivi rworudyi yechechi. Zvinonzi yakatsaurirwa muApostora A. Andrew. Aritari chapero akaparadzanisa padombo rusvingo kubva vamwe. Mupanda pakati vaiva Mutsvene Masuo. mahwindo maduku maviri vakanga. Under hwindo kuruboshwe, nearitari, aritari yakavakwa aine niche pasi. Pedyo kurudyi hwindo chigaro zvakanzi avakira mupristi, akaita namabwe. Uyewo, aritari yakanga ibwe choushe, inova yakabatana yokumabvazuva madziro.

Kuwanikwa zvivako yekare, pakuvhurwa Church of St. Martinian

Nokufamba yokudzorerwa akawanikwa uye dzimwe temberi zvekare, uyewo utility makamuri. Zvisinei, vakanga akafukidzwa kana kuvharwa masvingo, saka akaramba unexplored. Kechipiri Inkerman wemamongi rwakazvitsaurira kuna St. akazarura. Martinian chechi bako. Zviri temberi rectangular akafukidzwa nzvimbo (Semi-tenderera).

The mberi kutapwa wemamongi

Makore maviri pashure kuwanikwa wemamongi vakaputsa ari Crimean War. Vanotyisa kurwa kwakaitika Black River. Calamita, apo mauto Russian, akanga shelled nechisimba. Britain dzichapambwa pfuma kuva wemamongi. Pakapera hondo, zvemamongi vakagara Kin zvakare. Vakavaka chechi imba (Holy Trinity) uye musha isati. Monks kuitwawo kudzorerwa kutaurirana kunobva. Clement. Papera chinguva, munhu hotera kuti Mapilgrim yakavakwa. Vachikudza kunoshamisa ruponeso mambo mhuri, iyo yakaitika pedyo yemapurisa. Borki chitima ikatsva muna 1888, muna 1895 imwe chechi itsva yakanga yakavakwa wemamongi. Zvakanga kuna mupodzi uye Panteleimon. The peculiarity temberi iyi iri yokuti yake tsvene akavezwa mudombo navamwe, pasi hwakasimbiswa Byzantine manyorerwo.

Nhoroondo wemamongi muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri

Kumonasitiri muna 1905, zvakanga akasikwa ane temberi shoma. Mumwe wavo riri kumabvazuva chikamu kuruware, pamusoro nzvimbo Church of St. Evgrafov kuti aivapo kuMiddle Ages. Akanga vagadzwe kuremekedza St. Dm they. Tesaronika. Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, kuvigwa kwakaitika Dhemetriyo mutemberi. Heano 3 paguva, rakange rakacherwa pedyo netemberi, duku bako uriri. Panguva iyoyowo, kuvaka chechi Nikolaya Chudotvortsa yakapedzwa pamusoro yokumusoro rwenze. Iye mbiri mberi nokudzoka shure, chimiro - Phillips.

History of Sophia Church

In pamberi Alexei Mikhailovich (Grand Duke), uyewo nhengo Crimean War September 27, 1905 akanga akagadza chechi kuvake "Joy Vose Kusuwa". Zvinonzi yakavakirwa pamusoro panzvimbo munguva dzekare akanga Sofia chechi, akavezwa kupinda pamawere, kuruboshwe kumahombekombe erwizi. Black. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mune XIV remakore pano chechechi kutaurirana. Sofia. Sezviri pachena, akanga akapfuma kwazvo, sezvo zvavovo ake akamira pakati mamwe magadzirirwo kukura. Kana vaKristu kubuda Crimea, wemamongi yakasiyiwa uye ndaraswa. ST. Sofia - the pakukura Crimea mubako mutemberi. It anofukidza sandarara mazibota. Kereke ine cruciform chimiro. Part yaro rwokumusoro rusvingo, uyewo tsvene makarekare vouta. Uriri temberi vari kumakuva. Pane mudungwe kubva mukereke mukereke, pasi apo pane makuva maviri zvisaririra echiGiriki akanyorwa.

Kuvakwa chapero, midungwe

In mumapako wemamongi pamberi Crimean War vaiva magazini upfu. Pamugumo vachirwa aimbova mukuru asiri basa vakagara pedyo pavaiputsa goronga. munhu uyu akatora vatarisire vakawanda guva. Pamusana kwaari, akaronga kuunganidzwa mari, uye muna 1885 akavaka chapero pamusoro paguva. Monks vaigara Inkerman St. Clement Cave wemamonk, nerimwe gore musi October 24 vakaenda chapero mudungwe. Vakaita yemariro nokuda kwevaya vakaurayiwa nokuda kwokutenda uye namambo. Panguva chirongwa pamusoro Alexei Mikhailovich Sophia chechi vakadzorerwa muna 1903. Kubva munyika mari nekuda kwaizvozvi. Kusuwa Inside temberi, iyo yakavakwa panguva ino, mumabhatiri mufananidzo nhengo, iyo muchirongwa hondo iri Black River.

Construction zvivako zvitsva, ari kuvhara zviri wemamongi yayo kumutsidzirwa

The Inkerman yemamongi 1910, dzakavakwa 2 zvivako dzinogarwa akagadzirirwa hama, uye dzimba Chechi Annunciation. Mukuwedzera, chikoro yeko yakavhurwa pamusha wemamongi. Pakazosvika 1917, Inkerman Cave Monastery yaigarwa 122 mamongi uye 25 novices. Munguva Civil War wemamongi vakatsigira mauto Wrangel. Pashure kuziviswa simba Soviet paiva nationalization yose dzemamongi uye Crimean nyika. Inkerman bako yemamongi muna 1926, akanga pakupedzisira yakavharwa. Muna 1927 vakaparadza chapero paguva varwi vakafa Hondo Inkerman, uye muna 1932 - ST. Nicholas, riri pamusoro ebani.

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II pamusoro nzvimbo wemamongi kumuzinda Maritime Division. Muna June 1942, masoja ayo akaedza kurega vokuGermany, vaiva nechido Sevastopol. Muna 1991, St. Clement Inkerman bako yemamongi vakatanga kuwanazve simba. Exclusionary pokugara uye machechi vakadzorerwa.

Inkerman Cave Monastery: sei kuti

It ingasvikwa nechitima kubva Sevastopol kuti OP 1531? Km. Tisvike Balaclava pakati wemamongi anogona kuva pedyo tekisi kana bhazi №31. Munogonawo - kushandisa chero nebhazi, izvo zvinofanira kuva kurega "Vtormet" vagura Inkerman. Kana ukaenda nemotokari, pedyo chena ibwe muchinjikwa (muchaona mumugwagwa mukuru unomhanya kuburikidza guta) unofanira kuenda wemamongi. Inkerman St. Clement Friary ane zvinotevera Coordinates: N 44 39.873, E 34 16.160.