Stoma - chii ichi? intestinal stoma. Ostomy Care

mushonga Modern inopa siyana zvivako kuti aponese upenyu murwere. Asi kusvikira ikozvino, kune nzira anozivikanwa kubva kun'anga yekare okurapa. Mumwe wavo ari kuvhiya, unonzi "stoma". Chii, chii chiri uchapupu sezvo akabata - izvi zvose vachadzidza kuverenga mashoko. Cherechedzai zvakare rwakabhadharwa kuna kutarisirwa rakasiyana-siyana ostomy, sezvo manipulations kazhinji vakadaro vakatakudzwa kubva mumba, uye unhu hwavo chaizvo apore.

Pfungwa stomirovaniya mu mushonga

Stoma - Ko iri kuvhiyiwa? Ichi buri chaiyo kuti pave kuvhiya murwere nokuda kwezvikonzero zvokurapa. Kakawanda kupedza stoma bowel, dundira, kanenge - the trachea. Chii chinonzi stoma? Buri iri, izvo rakashuma wakaputsika mukaha muviri une yokunze anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma kana chubhu kuti normalize murwere ezvinhu pashure pokuvhiyiwa kana mamwe evanhu. The inonyanya kushanda ndiyo nokuumbwa mumakomba ari abdominal mhango. Panyaya iyi, inoratidza kuti zvinomuomera kuikanganwa munhu stomirovaniyu ura (kana mugove waro).

Stoma - izvi pfupi kana kuti upenyu, riri kuonekwa kana zvakadaro munhu akaremara? Chakagadzirwa yokutanga haina sechinhu chirwere pachazvo hausi chikonzero akaremara, nekuti havasi kudzivirira kubata hupenyu huzere. Vakadzidzira yakakodzera kushandiswa ileostomy kana zvimwe mano kuti stoma hanya, munhu anogona zvakazara kushanda, kudzidza, kutamba mitambo, kuvaka mhuri. Asi kazhinji ndiwo uchapupu stomirovaniyu vari zvakakomba zvokurwara, zvichitungamirira vakaremara uye shoma yaibvira murwere.

Stomirovanie angava pfupi Somuenzaniso, kushanda kwakadaro rinoitwa kuti murwere vapore pashure pokuvhiyiwa kana zvakakomba Zvirwere chibharo ane outputting kushanda wegadziriro. Pashure pokudzorerwa vasingadzoreki mashandiro stoma anogona kubviswa surgically. Asi mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, Somuenzaniso, pashure kubviswa intestinal stoma - rinofanirawo zvimiso dzose anokosha zvomurwere.

zvairatidza stomirovaniyu

The zvairatidza kunorapwa inokurukurwa stomirovaniya vachiberekwa chirwere, kunotevera, kuvhiyiwa, izvo kwakaguma rakazara kana rushoma nokubviswa excretory zvomukati. Saka, zvakajairika oparesheni akashatirwa hunenge gadziriro. Stoma inobatsira kudzorera dzinongoitika mashandiro muviri. Mune zvimwe zviitiko pane kudiwa zvakazara kana rushoma kubviswa ura, dundira uye trachea pashure izvo zvinoda Pfungwa kubata mawindo:

1. nzvimbo yokutanga iri kenza nhengo idzi, iyo inotungamirira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa hunenge tishu.
2. Injury.
3. Non-chaiwo uye ischemic colitis.
4. Incontinence.
5. Radiation nokuparadzwa nemakemikari.
6. Zvimwe zvirwere dzinotyora vatevedzere oparesheni.

Rinogona akasiyana marudzi, zvitarisiko uye hukuru pamusoro stoma. Chii? The Photo pazasi inoratidza rakagadzirwa nevanhu intestinal fistula.

mhando ostomy

Stoma dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana munda wokuvhiya:

• gastrostomy;
• Intestinal: ileostomy, colostomy;
• tracheostomy;
• epitsistostoma.

Maumbirwe convex uye inverted. Pane chimwe mudende nepfuti uye. Zvichienderana kushanda duration: zvachose uye duku.

Maererano nenhamba, kakawanda kupfuura dzimwe mhando zvakafanana intestinal stoma.

Mumwe mhando Pfungwa akasiyana musimboti kwadzinoita chiito uye kunoda mumwe kutarisirwa uye vapore nguva.

Tracheostomy: zvairatidza, kunyanya

Tracheostoma - chiri artificially akasika buri pamutsipa ane projecting chubhu riri kuiswa kuti bereka tagovera dzevanhu kufema mabasa. Kana kutyorwa kuri kufema ezvinhu, hazvibviri kuparadzanisa chigadzirwa chiito kundosvikira murwere kazhinji nyaya yokukurumidzira mufambiro stomirovanie trachea.

stoma ichi - a panzvimbo dzakaoma dzidzo roukoti. Zvinopa yakawanda kusanzwa kuti murume. Kunyanya kana iwe kuisa zvose. Open Airways aivabatsira nyore kupinda pakati nemavhairasi uye utachiona, iyo inotungamira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana uye anoderedza zvinonyatsorehwa kutapata kwevanhu. Uyezve, chakagadzirwa "trachea" kwete moisturizes uye unonyatsonzwisiswa inhaled mhepo, iyo kunoitawo kuti kupinda kutapukirwa uye mukana zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Naizvozvo, kudzora unhu inhaled mhepo kubva kunze kunokosha - nokungwarira kuongorora mhepo tembiricha mukamuri apo murwere iri. Nokuti humidification kushandisa apparatuses kana kushandiswa pemvura nyoro zvinyama tracheostomy chubhu, kuchinja jira sezvo unoomesa.

Murwere haagoni riitwe vanoshingaira mitambo, kushambira (kunyanya anyatsofukidzwa). Any, kunyange mvura duku kupinda chubhu kungaita kuti kufema kusungwa.

The tracheal stoma - zviri nokusingaperi? Kazhinji kacho. Constant, unogona chete kuva panyaya kubviswa trachea (ndiro kushoma), kana kutadza zvakakwana munhu vaingoerekana kufema, kana zvakadaro hakusi pasi kurapwa uye kunaya.

Temporary tracheostomy akaisa panguva kuvhiya kushanda kupa yokutindivadza, kana dzimwe nzira kuti tiite yokutindivadza hazviiti.

Care of tracheostomy

Tracheostomy kunoda nguva zvakakodzera:

1. Ose maawa mashoma rokunze chubhu anofanira kusukwa yavaibvisa rehydrogen carbonate mhinduro (4%) kuti degumming residues kubva mhango.
2. Kudzivisa paumbwe ganda kuzvimba uye zvirwere vanofanira kubata mugove kumativi traheosomy. Kuti aite izvi muhari yakakanyiwa donje balls furatsilina mhinduro. Zvadaro, tichishandisa tweezers akadzima ganda ravo nharaunda yakapoteredza tracheostoma. Zvadaro shandisa zingi mafuta kana namatidza Lassara. Nokuiswa kugadzira rinoguma chena ndokupisika. Kugadzira mabhandeji purasita.
3. Nguva nenguva, Zvinokurudzirwa kuti adzvute zviri trachea, sezvo varwere vane tracheostomy asingagoni zvakakwana pachena huro yake, iyo inotungamirira kurega kunotanga pamusoro madzihwa uye, sezvo zvakaguma kuome kufema. Nokuti zvitinakire murwere vakadaro vane kugara pamubhedha uye abate Chinyorwa kudzvinya pachipfuva. Dururirai kubudikidza chubhu kupinda trachea 1 Rine mamiririta ose yavaibvisa bicarbonate (2%) kuti liquefaction kuti madzihwa. Zvino unofanira kuisa mukati anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma chubhu tracheobronchial. By achabatanidza chaiyo kubvisa, bvisa madzihwa ari trachea.

kunyatsotarira ari stoma kunokosha zvikuru, sezvo kutyorwa mashandiro ayo kungatungamirira kufema kusungwa.

gastrostomy

Gastrostomy rinobva abdominal nzvimbo kwevanhu zvokudya mune zviitiko apo murwere havagoni kuita zvokudya zvavo pachavo. Nokudaro, jekiseni mvura kana Semi-mura zvokudya zvakananga mudumbu. Kakawanda iri pfupi mamiriro, akadai mukukuvara kukuru uye ari postoperative munguva. Naizvozvo gastrostomy mu zvisingawanzoitiki nguva zvingava zvachose. Kana kudzorera mashandiro anozvipira kugamuchirwa gastrostomy zvokudya yakavharwa surgically.

How kunyatsotarisira imwe gastrostomy?

Dumbu stoma - ndicho chii, mune zvimwe zviitiko, yakatarwa? Nokugura chokunze gastrostomy yaiwana rabha chubhu, akagadzirirwa zvakananga kutakura zvokudya mudumbu. Panguva zvokudya fanera akaiswa zvivanakire, uye zvikamu pakati kudya clamped nenyere shinda kana mbambo.

Kana gastrostomy chikuru chinangwa ndiwo mabatiro ganda hanya akapoteredza buri kudzivirira ganda kuzvimba, mutambo mapundu, imwe kuputika. Chikamu ganda akapoteredza stoma pakutanga kupatsanurwa furatsilina mhinduro achishandisa donje balls uye forceps, uye ipapo doro. Zvadaro zvakazorwa aseptic mafuta. Kupedzisa pamwe nokuiswa mabhandeji.

Epitsistostoma: zvairatidza, kuchengeta

Epitsistoma goho kubva dundira kusvika abdominal rusvingo pamusoro uchishandisa chaiyo anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvairatidza kuti zvitinakire kwakadaro ndiko kutadza murwere kuti yepanyama weti nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana. Pane epitsistostomy pfupi uye zvechigarire.

Zvinoda chinokosha kuongorora imwe stoma yakadaro. Zvinorevei izvi? Hanya epitsistostomoy asi kuoma: tinofanira kukwanisa kwete chete kuchenesa anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma uye vanotarisira ganda rwakapoteredza, asiwo kugeza dundira uye kutsiva bhegi. Naizvozvo zviri nani kana nzira dzakadaro zvichaitwa ne mukoti kana mukoti vaikodzera.

Epitsistoma anotanga mamwe zvokukwegura zviri murwere anokosha. Saka, murwere haasi varumbidzwa kushambira, kutamba mitambo, kuva refu nguva yakaderera tembiricha.

Zvakakodzera nokungwarira kuongorora kuchena yacho anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma, uye nzvimbo ganda inoipoteredza. Kaviri pazuva, ganda anofanira kugezwa nesipo nemvura, uye kuchivanze chubhu uye bhegi - sezvo clogging.

Zvinokosha kuti kuongorora uwandu uye unhu choutsi. Panofanira kuva pus uye neropa - nezviratidzo akadaro vanofanira kutsvaka zvashata kurapwa. Zvinodawo zano nyanzvi munyaya kuwedzera murwere muviri tembiricha, weti vhoriyamu rutapudzo, kuchinja ayo ruvara, kukuvara kana nyonganyonga yacho anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma yenzvimbo yacho, kuvapo ezasi abdominal marwadzo.

Intestinal stoma: Types

Intestinal stoma - ndizvo zvazviri, chii mhando varipo? Izvi rworudzi hwomukova Anonziwo "kubata dumbu". Isa kana kutyorwa kuri runoenzanirana muviri mushure kuvhiya siyana. Somuenzaniso, kana ura yabviswa, kana mugove waro. Muchiitiko chino, zviri kuva zvechigarire stoma. Uye, somuenzaniso, pashure nokubviswa heniya, izvo zvakaita kuti muviri hatigoni kurarama fecal excretion sezvingatarisirwa stomirovanie vanovhiya kuita kwekanguva hunhu.

Kushanda abdominal rusvingo muura rinonzi colostomy. A dzakaonda - iliostoma. Kunze vose mhando vari outputted mberi abdominal rusvingo mugove ura. stoma ichi - mumwe fistula muchimiro rosettes, iro ndakagadza kunze Colostomy muhomwe.

Kuitira kudzivisa post-kushanda zvakaoma kunzwisisa uye kupararira kwakanaka stoma intestinal vanoda kugara yokuzvigadzirisa.

How hanya intestinal stoma?

Intestinal stoma kakawanda kupfuura mamwe marudzi, pane kukura yematambudziko chokuita nokutarisirwa kukodzera. Kusiyana nezvinofungwa nevakawanda, colostomy zvikwama zvinofanira kushandurwa chete kana zvakakodzera, sezvo kakawanda kuchinja zvinoisa vasafara uye kuvadza stoma uye nharaunda yakapoteredza mugomba. Zvichienderana mhando stoma mumasaga vanofanira kushandura pamwe nguva dzose dzakadaro:

• odnokomponentoy kana zviri hurongwa yasvika hafu kana murwere kusanzwa wakabva mugamuchiri wehomwe;
• kana maviri-chikamu namira hurongwa bwendefa zvinosiyirwa 3 days.

Zvakananga hombodo kugamuchira fecal nguo panguva defecation. Pashure paizvozvo, kamwe kubviswa stoma urikanwi iri vakachenesa nesipo nemvura, yakaoma wakadzima napkins. Zvadaro lubricated zvinodhaka "Stomageziv" uye intestinal mucosa - peturu mondo kudzivirira cracking walnut. jira seari, akapeta akawanda akaitwa nhurikidzwa, wakaiswa varinamire bhandeji, uye ipapo kupfeka andapeni. Kutarisira stoma - chinokosha chezvinonhuwira murwere apore.

yematambudziko

Matambudziko pashure Kuvhiya stomirovaniya - zvinhu zvikuru zvakafanana. Stoma Kuvhiya zvinoda kungwarira wezvokurapa cherechedzo uye zvakakodzera. Matambudziko api angamuka, sei kubata uye kwakavatadzisa, kunyatsotarisisa:

1. Okolostomny dermatitis (ganda bundu). The kutsamwa anogona kuitika nokuda yokuzvigadzirisa kunaka, kukodzera uye zvinodhaka, achisimbisa sizvo anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma. Kune kutsva, kuvaviwa, mapundu.
2. Ropa hazvizivi mawindo kungaparirwa kunotevera kuti mucosa kana anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma chubhu. Kazhinji, maronda izvi regai kukonzera vanachiremba kufunganya uye akaedza yakazvimiririra. Asi kana kubuda kweropa iri kunyanyisa uye haagumiri kuti maawa mashoma, vanoda kukurumidzirwa rubatsiro.
3. Yokururamisa (stoma Anodzokera Shure mukati). ezvinhu akadaro kunoita kuti zviome kushandisa ileostomy, uye migove rwokunze anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma chubhu. Kuoma uye ganda kutarisirwa. Vanofanira kubvunza nyanzvi.
4. Stenosis (aienda wetsime). Kana stoma iri kujekesa zvokuti inoshanda ayo chibharo (kwete pamuedzo faeces kana ane intestinal stoma vachinetseka kufema kana tracheostomy), kuti kuvhiya kupindira kunokosha. Kuderedza wetsime imhaka anogumbura kwendangariro.
5. Kurasikirwa intestinal stoma kwenguva masendimita mashomanana hakupesani mabasa ayo uye asingauyi kukanganisa murwere ezvinhu. Asi pane nyaya kurasikirwa zvakakwana. Kazhinji ichi chinoitika kana yakakura panyama nesimba, vangakosora. Zvichienderana zvingafananidzwa prolapsed stoma pachavo zvakanaka. With kakawanda kurasikirwa vanofanira kubvunza chiremba.

Stoma - hachisi chirwere, asi, zvakadaro, munhu ichocho inoda kungwarira kurapwa uye kutarisirwa. Vose pfupi uye zvechigarire stoma zvinoda zvaidiwa zvokurapa nachiremba. Sarudza nzira Recommended kutarisirwa kwounyanzvi mhando, chimiro uye giredhi, sezvo chete chiremba anogona kuona hworudzii mugamuchiri anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma, pastes nezvizoro zvichava zvikuru uye vakasununguka kuti murwere yezvokurapa mhosva zvikuru. Kana uchisarudza, funga kukura uye mhando mugomba, chinangwa chacho, mhando ganda, murwere propensity kuti haupindirani nezvimwe zvinhu, uye vazhinji zvimwe chokuita zvinhu. Regai kuzviremekedza - kuteerera kuenda nyanzvi.