Testament - zvinorevei? History of Old Testament

Munhu anofunga pachake muKristu anofanira nguva avhenekerwe nemashoko zvechitendero, kuti kunonamata, verenga mabhuku zvomudzimu uye kudzidza Bhaibheri. Bhuku rino ine 2 zvikamu - ndiye Old uye New Testament (Gospel). Ivo zvikabatanidzwa nhoroondo yose zviitiko, kubvira pakusikwa kwenyika Mwari uye kupedza kupararira dzechiKristu yose Mwanakomana waMwari nevaapostora pashure Ascension ake kudenga.

Tsika mbiri Old Testament

Old Testament - ndiwo chikamu cheBhaibheri, iyo inorondedzera upenyu vechiJudha vanhu. Ndokusaka bhuku iri kuonekwa nevanhu vamiririri chiKristu uye chiJudha. The akaunganidza sezvariri pamusoro nezvimedu uye kubva zvinyorwa zvakasiyana, Yekare ibhuku rakasiyana chigadzirwa nerudzi rwayo, akasikwa nguva kubva XIII kuna I remakore BC

Nokuti nguva yokutanga shoko "sungano" yakarira kubva miromo muprofita Mosesi, uyo Jehovha akapa vanhu 10 Upland Mitemo akanyorwa pamahwendefa. Saka, Mwari akaita sungano nevanhu vake (the chibvumirano), vari kuchengeta murayiro wake iyo, kuti agamuchire kubva kwaari nyasha uye rudo.

Mukupfupikisa, tinoona kuti mashoko okuti "Testamende Yekare" - shoko rinogona kududzirwa sezvo chikamu cheBhaibheri, uye sungano yaJehovha vanhu vake.

Musiyano Testaments

Nokuti vaya vachangotanga kufarira chiKristu uye otanga kudzidza Bhaibheri, kazhinji mubvunzo unomuka, chii maererano zvakanzi muzvikamu zviviri. Chokutanga, unofanira kuziva kuti yekare - a Biography vechiJudha vanhu uye nzira yokuponeswa ayo kuburikidza nevaporofita vakawanda asati auya pasi Mwanakomana waMwari.

Zviitiko chikamu chokutanga cheBhaibheri sokuti chaizvo chakakomba, uye zviito vamwe vatambi vayo - kukodzera, zvinopesana nenheyo chiKristu ano. zvibayiro zvakawanda, fratricide, zvinotyisa Fall kweSodhoma neGomora - ichi chinhu kukwana mazita zvatinogona kuwana pamapeji yekare.

Vanhu vangosiya kusateerera youpenyu hwokudenga, ndakawana murume mumwe mutongo worufu, chirwere uye utsinye. Asi, pasinei zvivi zvevanhu, Mwari Baba nyasha zvikuru uye anoda vana vavo zvechokwadi. Ndokusaka Akatumira Mwanakomana wake pasi pano - Jesu Kristu, uyo aizova gare gare aregerere zvivi zvevanhu uye kuzarura masuwo yeEdheni.

Ishe kuuya Pasi vane sungano itsva pakati pake nevanhu, izvo avo upenyu wainamata sezvinoreva netsika dzechiKristu, kuenda kudenga pashure porufu rwake. Sezvineiwo anzwirwe mitemo upenyu hwechiKristu, zvinova chikuru musimboti worudo muvakidzani.

Sezvinotaurwa neBhaibheri, Iisus Hristos akavhura masuo okudenga vanhu. Munguva yesungano yekare, kunyange vakarurama uye vaizviita vanhu pashure porufu rwake, akawana pachavo kugehena nokuda kwechivi madzitateguru - Adhamu naEvha. Naizvozvo, tinogona kutaura kuti Testamende Itsva - ndiyo shanguriro ruponeso rusingaperi.

Nemamiriro Yekare

Chikamu chokutanga, rakanzi The Torah ine mabhuku akawanda akanyorwa nomuprofita Mosesi. Izvi zvinosanganisira Genesis, Eksodho, Revhitiko, Numeri, uye Dheuteronomio.

Kuwedzera Torah muTestamente Yakare bhuku muporofita anouya, izvo akagumisa vanotongwa dzakaitika uye rouprofita hunhu.

MuMagwaro mune mabhuku 13, ramakagadzwa pane zvichiratidza ouzivi (semuenzaniso, The Book Jobho), uye nhetembo nezvorudo uye nevamwe.

Zvose pamusoro zvinoumba yekare inonzi dzakafuridzirwa. Mamwe mabhuku okutanga chikamu cheBhaibheri Orthodoxy anotenda pakusimbisa, asi haana kuzivikanwa seakafuridzirwa.

Thor. ukoshi

Sezvambotaurwa, murayiro - ndiwo Testament Old, kana pane, mabhuku mashanu aMosesi, muporofita, chinova mipumburu ruoko-akanyorwa. Uyezve, Bhaibheri rinonzi Torah kuparadzanisa mitemo yaMwari. Information wakapiwa naIshe kumuporofita, havana chete yakanyorwa mipumburu, asi akapfuura pasi nomuromo. Saka, pane asina kunyorwa chete asiwo nemumuromo Torah, icho chakabata pamusoro yetsika nheyo vanhu.

mapeji rokutanga Old Testament

"Pakutanga Shoko rakanga riripo, uye Shoko rakanga riina Mwari, uye Shoko rakanga riri Mwari" ... Ndizvo rinovhura nyaya yekare. Kubva mumapeji okutanga tinogona kudzidza nezvokusikwa Ishe nyika yakatipoteredza - denga nenyika, mwedzi, zuva nenyeredzi, makungwa uye makungwa, mhuka, shiri, uye vanhu mumazuva matanhatu.

Mwari akasika Adhamu nomufananidzo wake uye vakafanana, Mwari anosika mukadzi uye kuti zita rake Eve. "Berekai muwande" - Ishe akarayira vana vake. Kupa vanhu zvose zvavanoda kuti ruponeso rusingaperi, Mwari anorambidza kutaura Muti Knowledge uye kudya michero yawo navo. Chokunyengedza pakati wakarambidzwa apuro kuna Adhamu naEvha chaiva chakakodzera paradhiso. Vanhu vokutanga vakaitwa kuwanikwa chivi uye rufu. Izvi akafukidza muzvitsauko zvitatu zvokutanga zvaGenesisi.

Life Panyika: Kaini naAbheri

Apo Adhamu naEvha vaiva panyika, vakatanga kuva nevana, yokutanga zvakanga Kaini naAbheri. mukoma yakatanga mubasa muvhu, ukuwo vanopfuura nemombe wechipiri. Abheri aiva aizvininipisa uye akatendeka, uchinyengetera uye kuvimba tsitsi dzaMwari.

Kaini yakasindimara uye utsinye mwoyo, asina kutya Mwari. Vabayire Jehovha akagamuchira Abheri uye gwayana munin'ina Second vakaramba. Kaini, vaiva, akatsamwa akaramba mafi. Akadana Abel mumunda vakamuurayirapo. Ishe, achiona kwete chete mabasa, asi kuziva uye pfungwa dzevanhu, Kaini akanyevera zvichibvira chakaipa, akamugombedzera kuti ndikurire vavariro zvakaipa zvakanga embryo pamusoro zvisingafi ropa chivi. Asi mukuru mukoma, vakapofumadzwa negodo uye ruvengo, chitadzo fratricide. Nokuti Jehovha akatuka Kaini.

itsva ivhu

Pashure kupondwa Abel uye Kaini adzingwa yekare nyaya mberi. Mwari akapa Adhamu naEvha mumwe mwanakomana - Seti, kubva izvo zvakanaka uye vaizviita vana. Zita rake rinoreva kuti "nechigadziko", iro rinogona zvichishandurwa sezvo nheyo vanhu itsva. Mushure zvose, zviri kubva ichi mhando chakaitika vanakomana vaMwari, Rugwaro sezvo anoti, uye kubva worudzii "vakatukwa" - vanakomana vavanhu. Pashure pokunge Kaini nevazukuru chaAbheri vakava kuroorana, vanhu panyika akazova uye uori zvikuru. Izvi kusvikira kusvikira paiva Noa akarurama chete nemhuri yake. Ishe, haagoni kushivirira zvakakomba zvivi zvevanhu, akasarudza kubvisa pasi uye anotumira mafashamo. Mwari akanyevera Noa nezvechido chake, uye anorayira kuti avake areka umo vakarurama vane kutora peya mhuka kuti havakwanisi kurarama mumvura.

Mafashamo kwakatora nemakumi mashanu mazuva, pashure iyo mvura zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kupinda nzira yayo. On Ava nzvimbo Noah anounza chibayiro kuna Mwari kuti ruponeso rwavo. Achipindura, Ishe anopa vimbiso kumbobvira kuronga Mafashamo uye pfungwa kuti muraraungu, izvo nhasi unomiriri mhiko naMwari pachake.

Mhuri yaNoa. Bhabheri

Nowa ndokubereka vanakomana vatatu, uyo pashure mafashamo, pamwe chete nemadzimai avo vaigara naye. Pamwe chete nababa vake, vakatanga kuva nyika uye mubasa erection yemizambiringa. Rimwe zuva, Noa akaedza waini uye nehope kupfeka, muchiziva kokutanga vose doro simba doro zvinobata. Zvazvakadaro, akabata mwanakomana vaHamu, uyo akataura chii akaona vakoma vake, nokudaro vachiratidza kusaremekedza kuna baba vake. Shemu naJafeti, nekusiyana, rakamhanya kufukidza akashama muviri mubereki. Apo Noa paakamuka akaziva zvakanga zvaitika, akatuka Hamu nemhuri yake yose, mhosva navo nokusingaperi kukundwa zvizvarwa hama.

Saka pakanga marudzi matatu - simit, iafity uye Hamitic. Recent takasarudza chero zvodini zvipe pamutoro kuzviisa pasi uye mimba kuvaka shongwe inosvika kudenga, kuti vazvikwidziridze. Ishe akadzidza hurongwa ichi, vakakamura Hamitic, achivapa mitauro yakasiyana. Saka, vanhu havagoni pachavo uye kuona urongwa hwake. Uise shongwe konekwa rinonzi Bhabhironi.

mufananidzo Kristu

Pakati dzakawanda inokosha yakare Testament nyaya akasimbisa nyaya waAbrahamu chibayiro. Aiva wedzinza okuzvipira Shemu, mutendi muna Mwari. Panguva iyoyo, nyika yose zvifananidzo rakapararira, uye vanhu takanganwa kutya Mwari. Nokuti upenyu Abrahamu nomudzimai wake Sara akarurama, vagara uchidawo kuita vana, Mutsvene Trinity akashanyira tende yavo. Panguva iyoyo vakarurama vari akura chaizvo zera. Asi sezvo zvakafadza Jehovha zvose kuburikidza gore mumhuri mwanakomana waAbrahamu Isaka akazvarwa. Vaida mwana wavo zvikuru. Zvino Mwari wakaona mafungiro vabereki kuti mwanakomana wake, akasarudza nechokwadi nokutenda kwechokwadi uye rudo avakarurama. Mwari akabvunza Abhurahama kupa Isaka sechibayiro kwaari. The chete aiziva kuti Mwari nguva dzose anoda zvakanaka chete, saka akaenda mugomo, achitora matanda kuti pamoto uye mwanakomana wake mucheche. Ishe akaona kuzvipira waAbrahamu, akamukumbira kuti kuuraya gondohwe rakabatwa pamakwenzi panzvimbo mwana anodiwa chete. Saka vakarurama akaratidza kutya kwake Jehovha, yaakanga paakavapa dzakawanda vana, kubva yakazonzi Muponesi pachake.

Nyaya iyi yemubhaibheri kunotangira nhoroondo kuunza chibayiro chikuru Mwanakomana waMwari nokuda kwezvivi zvavanhu. Kufanana naAbrahamu, Mwari haana kurega mwanakomana wake rudzikinuro rwevanhu. Nyaya iyi rinotsanangura Bhaibheri (New Testament). kuuya ichi Kristu yekudyidzana kuchinja upenyu uye pfungwa dzevanhu uye ukama hwavo nomumwe.

Moses. mirairo yaMwari

muporofita anozivikanwa yemubhaibheri Mosesi, uyo akaponesa vanhu vechiJudha pakudzvinyirirwa muIjipiti, akava murevereri pakati vanhu venyika uye Ishe, uyo akapa mirairo 10. Yakanyorwa pamahwendefa maviri, vakaratidza ukama wemunhu naMwari uye muvakidzani. mirayiro iyi tinofanira kukudza vaya vanoda kuva pedyo naJehovha.

Asati kutora mapiritsi aya matsvene, Mosesi akatsanya kwamazuva 40 nousiku apo paGomo reSinai. Agamuchira mirairo, vaIsraeri vakapinda sungano yaMwari, umo vanhu kurarama maererano nomutemo waMwari.

neareka

Nokuti kuchengetera mahwendefa ematombo, Mwari akarayira Mozisi kuti kusika Areka yesungano. Chii uye kuti akaita, zviri inofarirwa nevakawanda. Kutanga, zviri chiratidzo mubatanidzwa Jehovha nevaJudha. Kasiketi kugadzirwa nematanda uye dzomuakasia dzakafukidzwa nendarama. Munguva yesungano yekare, yakanga yakaramba mutende (temberi inotakurika) izvo Mwari akarayira vanhu vake kuti kuvaka. Iye zvino, nzvimbo Areka harizivikanwi. Maererano neimwe shanduro, iyo kasiketi akanyangarika paitonga vasingadi Mwari Manase. Navapristi, achida kuponesa tsvene huru kubva patsvina wamambo, akamutora kubva mutende uye akatuma mumwe temberi vechiIjipiti. Kubva panguva iyi Areka yesungano kanopfuura kamwe vaifamba, kunyange achiva nyaya kunamata kwevaJudha. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti okupedzisira nenhare kasiketi aiva mumwe kereke Ethiopia.

Testamende Itsva. kuchinja

With kuberekwa kwaJesu Kristu anovhura mapeji itsva yeBhaibheri. Gospel - ndiye Testamende Itsva yaMwari. Jehovha akauya pasi nyore murombo murume anoita kusingaenzaniswi zvishamiso - achirapa maperembudzi, mutsai vakafa. Nokuti zvose kubatsira Kristu anopa vanhu, ivo zvoutsinye pamuchinjikwa pamuchinjikwa, achidana Mambo risible wavaJudha. Asi Mwari akauya pasi vachamutswa, uye kuyananisa zvivi vavanhu, kuti ape vanhu mutemo mutsva, chikuru misimboti iyo - tsitsi uye tsitsi.

Saka, Testamende Yekare New nokubatanidza imwe pfungwa huru: pasinei kwavo kose, Ishe anokwanisa kukanganwira munhu kana aizounza kupfidza kwechokwadi, sezvakaita mbavha akarembera pamuchinjikwa pedyo Mwanakomana waMwari.