The chechi yekare St. Nicholas muna Lipno. History of kuvakwa

Church of St. Nicholas muna Lipno rwaipotera pamusoro diki pachikomo picturesque chitsuwa Lake Ilmen. Riri chaipo pamuromo rwizi rinonzi MSTA. Place riri 8 km kubva muguta Novgorod Guru. Kereke Orthodox, rakavakwa pakuguma XIII remakore, ndiyo shongwe yebwe mapurani. aritari kwayo yakakwirira yakanga vagadzwe Achikudza Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo, uye muganhu - muzita St. Clement.

Church of St. Nicholas muna Lipno muna Novgorod

Maererano yaMakoronike vekare, temberi iyi zvikuru yakavakwa muna 1292 (chakarairwa kuita kudaro, Archbishop Novgorodskiy Kliment). Kubva nguva uyu kwakabatana nyaya zvinoshamisa chaizvo.

Muna 1114 mutsvene Prince Mstislav akarayira kuti kuisa chechi St. Nicholas, kutenda achaporesa. How kuyeuka nyaya, kamwe muchinda akakunda chirwere chakakomba, uye akanga zvakaoma kudana rubatsiro Zita Wonderworker. Zvino nerimwe ramazuva muchinda akaratidzwa akazviratidza kwaari pachake , St. Nicholas ari Wonderworker, akarayira nhume dzake kuenda Kiev nokuda kwayo mifananidzo, iye akataura kuti akadini uye nechiyero.

kunoshamisa kuvake

Kamwe vari mugwa, nhume vakaenda ilmenite, asi nokukurumidza vakaswedera chitsuwa Lipno, vakanga anonoswa kwemazuva mana, dutu guru. Zvino pamusoro mvura, vakaona mufananidzo pamusoro kumativi puranga, apo Nikolay Chudotvorets akaratidzwa. Akaona muchiratidzo yake Prince Mstislav, uye kuti iye nechikepe nezvavo Kiev. Nhume pakarepo akamutora kuna Veliky Novgorod zvakananga muchinda, iye nomunyengetero akamutsvoda uye vakawana chishamiso chokuporesa.

On panzvimbo chitarisiko icon rakavakwa yemamongi, waiva mukuru neKijuni womuti sangano St. Nicholas wokutanga, uye ipapo ibwe jena.

tembere Architecture

Architects ndakwanisa kushanda, richinyanya kutaura rimwe rokupedzisira kereke pre-Mongol nguva, iyo yainzi "Chechi Kuberekwa Peryn Chapel". Akava Novgorod kubudiswa dzemitemo Smolensk mapurani. Izvi zvinoreva mativi chetyrehstolpny, krestokupolny, odnoabsidny, chechi domed, asi akatonyanya kuwedzerwa (10x10), izvo decoration mashizha vaivapo makona France nhatu-bladed.

In yaro yepakutanga chimiro ari pamadziro havasi wakanamira masvingo kwaisanganisira reraimu uye reraimu mavara akasiyana uye hukuru. Hwindo Arch yakange yakashongedzwa akaenzana Zvidhinha, chete zvasviba. Raiva ano utsanzi panguva iyoyo (vasati dzaigadzirwa nezvimwe: reraimu uye plinths).

Kunze kwaizvozvo zvose, temberi akashongedzwa niches duku rusununguko michinjikwa pamusoro kumadokero pesuwo, pavanopinda napo niche pamwe Pamifananidzo.

Mujinga rising iri pamusoro dhiramu, kumusoro nevagari vayo uye mahwindo maduku pasi chipande matatu pepa kunganzi arkaturnye bhanhire, maererano vaongorori, ivo dzomuzana iyo zvinowanika Roman-Gothic mapurani Livonia.

Church of St. Nicholas muna Lipno pedyo Novgorod (1292)

Kana apedza zvose temberi masonry basa, zvakatanga kupenda Pamifananidzo, kwete externally chete asiwo nechomukati.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti kumwe pakati XIX remakore, yokudhirowa G. Filimonov akapupurira uye pachake sketched ose mifananidzo kumabvazuva rusvingo, chete pakati pamafudzi mashizha uye apse, semicircular projecting chikamu chechi. Uye raiva sezvamunoita muchimiro nemufananidzo Amai vaMwari uye Muponesi, kudzivirirwa anokosha visors.

Kereke yavewo zvakavakwa pakarepo kutirambidza Bhishopi Mukuru Novgorod Clement.

Muna 1528, Archbishop Makarios cenobitic bumbiro wakatangwa muna Lipno wemamongi.

zvisaririra nhoroondo

Church of St. Nicholas muna Lipno akanga dzakapendwa Pamifananidzo munguva 1293-94 gg. Paakanga ane rusvingo 1930, zvakanaka-akachengetedzwa Pamifananidzo pazvakawanikwa, mumwe iyo - murwiyo "The Annunciation", rakamiswa pamusoro pembiru kumabvazuva.

Monastery zvakaoma zvakakanganisa Swedish basa kwemakore 1611-1617.

Pakazosvika 1763, nhamba iri wemamongi: refectory chechi Sergiya Radonezhskogo, uye Mutsvene Utatu Church, ibwe sangano St. Nicholas, ari abbot pamusoro mapuriro maviri, mubhedha yemapuranga bhero shongwe ne 5 mabhero uye remuti noruzhowa.

Asi zvino rakasvika haana nguva dzakanakisisa: muna 1764 wemamongi yakaguma uye akanzi wemamongi Skovorodsky. Inenge ose zvivako namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara pamusoro pezvitinha. pakupedzisira vamwe zvivako Church of St. Nicholas muna Lipno kusvika XIX remakore raderera uye akasvika dongo zvachose. mabasa Divine yaiitwa ikoko kwazvo kashoma.

Pashure pokuchinja muna 1917 nemhaka chinhambwe kubva mutemberi guta uye zvose yakavharwa, uye kuvaka chechi yakanga zvinorwadza damage ichi. Mubhedha bhero shongwe yacho yakaparadzwa.

World hondo II

Panguva World kwepiri pano pachitsuwa, wemamongi raiva maonero hondo Soviet, saka vokuGermany, uyo amire 6 km kubva pano, akanga pasi kugara kutokonora nzvimbo iyi. Chechi zvishoma kuparadzwa: 65 chete% vakapona masonry.

Chakatishamisa kwokudzorerwa basa iri Pamifananidzo rwaiitwa muna 1945, uye muna 1954-56 mutemberi pashure huru kudzorerwa kwaro yepakutanga chitarisiko rukaporeswa.

Nhasi, nzvimbo kereke St. Nicholas muna Lipno - munhu akadzivirirwa nzvimbo, rine vanhu vakwegura uye yakasimba chaizvo foromani, pamwe chete nemhuri yake.

Panzira, kuti pano hakusi nyore kudaro. Dambudziko nderekuti mutemberi St. Nicholas hapana migwagwa, hapana chokufambisa dzose Links. Curious vashanyi kazhinji kusvika kunyange nechikepe kana chikepe kana skis kana netsoka pamusoro chando munguva yechando, kana chando rwizi uye nyanza.