Historical miziyamu muMoscow - chii kushanyira? Review chenhau mamiziyamu muMoscow

Zvirokwazvo nhaka inokosha kuchengetedza nhoroondo miziyamu muMoscow. Kuongorora zvose dzokupisa, kwete zvakakwana hwose. Asi vamwe vavo, tinoratidza zvakasimba kuti vazivane zviri nani. Tiri kupa muchidimbu vachiratidzwa kupfuura rakakurumbira uye zvinokosha mamiziyamu komusoro.

The State Historical Museum muMoscow

Ruzhinji vokuRussia zvakanaka fungidzira ine nhurikidzwa nhatu dzvuku chidhinha chivako chine chena denga, riri pamusoro Red Square.

The Kudeuka Russian State Historical Museum rakaumbwa muna February 1872 maererano nomurau Alexander II. Muna 1974, dare Guta dzinounzwa nokuda pakuvaka Red Square nzvimbo munyika, paakaradzikwa muna April wegore iroro, pamwe chete chikamu chamambo. Kuvaka mu ekunyebera Russian werudzii pamwe zvemamiriro shongwe zvakagadzirwa murongedzeri uye injiniya Shevrudom Semenov. Zvinonzi organically kufanira kupinda huripo Ensemble of Moscow Kremlin uye Vasiliya Blazhennogo Cathedral. Hall Historical Museum zvemaoresa kuti nomukurumbira vemifananidzo muMoscow, Vasnetsov, Korovin, Aivazovsky, Repin. Construction akaramba kusvikira 1881, uye muna May 1883 kuti miziyamu akasangana vashanyi vokutanga.

The miziyamu kuratidzwa, zvinosanganisira anenge 5 miriyoni uye 14 miriyoni zvinhu magwaro kuratidza muzvikamu zvose kukura Russia - kubva makarekare kusvika mangwanani ramakumi remakore. The muunganidzwa of miziyamu Exhibits wokutanga vava Crimean War. Munguva Soviet, vamwe decoration zvinhu zvabviswa, uye mifananidzo whitened. Mukupera 80-ies wekupedzisira remakore rakatanga pamwero mukuru kudzorerwa kudzokera enhoroondo chitarisiko izvo rakadzorerwa pakazopera 2003. Muna 2006, basa rakapera iri zvachose kuratidzwa, izvo zvakarongwa kurongwa uye iye anopindura 39 makamuri pamusoro pamapuriro maviri. Mumwe ichikosha retracted muimba yake, uye wokutanga vavo - the Exhibits chokuita chinyakare zvaiita hurongwa.

Vazhinji dzinonakidza uye nemamwe muzvitoro Historical Museum muMoscow. Exhibits Takaunganidza kweinenge hafu yezana remakore. Heano mamwe acho:

• Zvechokwadi nemapoka tusks yakawanikwa pamahombekombe ari Yenisei River kubva Irkutsk mutengesi Gromov pakupera pamusoro XIX remakore uye vakapa navo miziyamu.

• Akaidzikisa ibwe demo kubva siyana womuouki nemakwati urefu 7.5 metres. Zvakange riri pamahombekombe Don pedyo Voronezh veko muna 1954.

• A kopi kuvigwa vari yokupakira Mugove Sungir pasi Vladimir, ane zera ane vanopfuura zviuru 25. Years.

• Taman sarcophagus IV remakore BC. Zvakange akawanikwa pakutanga wokupedzisira remakore munharaunda apo akashandisa kuva rekare rechiGiriki ezvinhu Bosporus umambo, izvo rwaigara Kerch uye Taman Peninsula.

• Tashtyktsev kwevafi zvifukidziro, vachibvumira kufungidzira kwaiva pakuonekwa vanhu vaigara kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia iri II remakore BC. e. - V remakore BC. e.

• Akagadzirwa kumativi nyanga yokunwira - rhytons.

• "Turika" - wokutanga shanduro zvokufambidzana kudzokera 1800s.

• Mummified zvasara Russian-makore 25 mukadzi nguva muEgipita mapiramidhi.

• Wokutanga birch-nemakwati rwakapetwa XIV remakore, vakawana pedyo Novgorod muna 1951. Iri pamusoro muunganidzwa zvakavakodzera dzakatangwa Dare Boyar patrimony mushumo.

The Moscow Kremlin Museums

Mumwoyo guru, muna Kremlin, pane akasiyana miziyamu. Ivo vakabatanidzwa rwakafanana zita - the Moscow Kremlin Museums. Vanosvika vatanhatu: yeZvombo, Deposition of Nguo Church, Museum of Zvakarurama Art uye Life of XVII remakore, nokufungidzira, Ngirozi Huru uye Annunciation Cathedral.

zvombo

Historical miziyamu muMoscow zvinosanganisira inonyatsozivikanwa zvose pamusoro chefuma nyika, zita pashure yekare Kremlin muchivigiro. The miziyamu anopindura chivako yakagadzirwa ne mapurani K. tani muna 1891. Armory muunganidzwa ine zvishongo papfuma yamambo uye Patriarch wacho vestry, chakaitwa Kremlin vanatenzi, uye akapa kune nevamiririri venyika dzimwe nyika.

Rine nguo yacho pakuzvichenesa chamber wacho kugadza mapfekero, mamiriro achibuda, zvipfeko hierarchs yeRussian Church, zvigadzirwa gunsmiths, dzakaunganidzwa nyaya nendarama nesirivha, chinoitwa vatenzi Russian ounyanzvi yesirivha kubva Europe, ngoro, bhiza netsika joko. Exhibits Vose yeZvombo zviri chemhando romubati wakachenjera, nhoroondo netsika ukoshi. The miziyamu anoratidza zvuru zvina zvinhu ounyanzvi uye rwokugadzira yeRussian wehurumende, kunyika East uye Europe, kubvira IV remakore pakutanga XX.

Museums muMoscow nhasi vakagadzirira pamwe noungwaru zvigadzirwa: Vashanyi vane mukana kushandisa zvigadzirwa mutungamiriri yeZvombo.

kubvuma Cathedral

Kwemazana emakore, ndiyo temberi huru kuRussia. Paiva korona madzimambo kugadzwa, vakuru chechi yeRussian Orthodox, uyewo kuvigwa emadzimambo uye mabhishopi.

Vashanyi ndione anopa zvikuru iconostasis kureba kupfuura 16 mamita. Panewo nyika guru muunganidzwa chinokosha uye airemekedzwa mifananidzo, mashoko Ensemble pakati akakura kupenda, Kunyengetera Ivan VI nzvimbo, nhoroondo necropolis.

Cathedral of Annunciation

Historical miziyamu muMoscow vari zhinji machechi kare. Annunciation - mumwe mukuru Zvivako zviri Moscow Kremlin, akavaka maererano netsika Moscow uye muPskov mavakirwo ari XV remakore sezvo musha chechi amachinda makuru Russian uye madzimambo. Munhau yacho, chakachinja kakawanda. Ancient shestiyarusny iconostasis, zvinosanganisira anenge zana kwemifananidzo, uye Ensemble kuti akakura mifananidzo rinokosha. Maererano nevaongorori, vamwe mifananidzo zororo dzakatevedzana kupendwa ne mukuru Andrei Rublev uye icon of Deesis akatevedzana rakanyorwa Theophanes muchiGiriki.

Church of Ngirozi Huru

Cathedral, hwakawanda huripo, rakavakwa makore 500 apfuura, asi nhoroondo yacho yakatanga anofungidzirwa mumakore 1247-1248. Yaiva nzvimbo machinda makuru Russian yokutanga kuvigwa. nekenza maviri uye 47 makuva ari necropolis imomo. Madziro uye mbiru Church vari akashongedzwa Portraits of Moscow vatongi.

Church Deposition yejasi

Home kereke vemadzitateguru mabhishopi yakavakwa muna XV remakore iri tsika mangwanani-Moscow mavakirwo pamwe zvinhu muPskov mapurani. Kereke diki riri pakati paMuzinda Zvinowedzera uye Dormition Cathedral. Iconostasis, rakanyorwa Nazario Istomin ndiye hwokudhirowa ukoshi. Mufananidzo pamadziro unoitwa Ages canons ari pakati XVII remakore. Kereke wakaitwa ane kwemasimba Russian yemapuranga chivezwa. zvivako izvi, izvo nhasi anoramba zvishoma, vave inounganidzwa mu siyana mumachechi Russian.

Museum of Zvakarurama Art uye Upenyu XVII remakore

Zvinowanikwa iri Patriarchal Chambers, aimbova nomuzinda Russian dzeMadzitateguru, iyo yakavakwa pamusoro Nikon. Mukomana miziyamu rakaumbwa muna 1962 uye kuratidzwa kunobva zvinosanganisira Exhibits pakati yeZvombo. The miziyamu, riri muNzvimbo chete panguva, inoudza anosikwa omukati kwenhau. In wokutanga kamuri pane zvinhu pachedu Patriarch Nikon nevamwe vakuru vekereke. Historical uye unyanzvi ukoshi vari surplices, namatanda, Hoods.

The miziyamu ane antiikki fenicha, caskets, zvipfuva, nenguva yeko, checkered, wechesi sirivha. Vazhinji Exhibits iri midziyo inokosha: nemikombe, ndarama nesirivha nezvirongo, nemikombe, mhiripiri, munyu shakers.

Well kumiririrwa vechirume zvishongo: simbi dzemabhande emabhurukwa, mabhatani, cuff Links, mhete, mhete. Pakati Exhibits - heti, musha uye chechi hembe kubva micheka zvinodhura.

Pano vari hwakaratidza zvinyorwa akashongedzwa miniatures, mavara Screensavers, kupera. Pakati pavo ndiye kopi Akaitirawo Tsarevich Alexei, - Primer Karion Istomin.

Nzvimbo, uye vamambo Amusements. Izvi kunovhima zvinhu: misungo, mapfumo knurled goridhe, nepfuti dzenzou uye mai neparera, nemicheka upfu mumidziyo, uta nemiseve nemisipiresi, Birch, nemisidhari,

Paleontological Museum

Kudzidzisa uye dzidzo muzinda asina adzo munyika, chikamu eponymous Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences uye anonzi imwe yenyika guru dzinongoitika nhoroondo mamiziyamu.

It rakaumbwa muMoscow muna 1937. Muna 1954 kwaiva rakavharwa nokuda nekusagona zvakumbirwa ose Exhibits zvakare chiduku: ose makamuri inogarwa anenge 700 akaenzana mamita. m, vakazvitsaurira kuna Count Orlov nhandare pamusoro Big Kaluga zvino Leninsky Prospekt. Zvaida yoga chivakwa. kuvaka Its akatanga chete muna 1972 wakanaka nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero guru. Makore anoda kusvika makumi maviri zvakatora kusika rakasiyana miziyamu yakaoma. Muna 1987, mumwe mutsva Dinosaur Museum wokutanga akazarura mikova ayo vaenzi.

The dingindira guru pashoo - dzidziso pamusoro makemikari nyika yepasi. An nharaunda vanenge 5000 sq. m. The dzimba matanhatu pasi anenge 5,000 Exhibits. kamuri imwe neimwe yakatsaurirwa imwe Danho iri kukura makemikari nyika Pasi.

• Nhanganyaya horo. Zviratidzwa rinotanga pamusoro nyaya paleontology, zvikamu ayo uye kubudirira. Huru ratidza imba - apa imwe nemapoka akawana kuSiberia muna 1842. Heano zvedongo noukomba, kuratidza mhindumupindu kwoupenyu yamakungwa. Pasi pechivanze rechipiri vari hwakaratidza Portraits masayendisiti kubva dzakasiyana, kudzidza kukura munyika organics. Pakati pavo vane unhu hwakadaro kuzivikanwa, kufanana Darwin uye Lomonosov. Author Portraits akaita nenyundo mhangura - Artist A. Chernov.

• Imba yechipiri kuna Precambrian uye mangwanani Paleozoic. Pano unogona kudzidza pamusoro okutanga zvipenyu vaigara Pasi: zvinomera uye invertebrates. Mukuwedzera, kamuri yakashongedzwa unyanzvi uye wokuratidza mabasa kuratidza vamiririri kasvisto uye Fauna of nguva: ibwe kuvesa, zvedongo ukomba, zvivezwa zvakagadzirwa Ceramics.

• In wechitatu horo vashanyi vachange kuzivana pamwe Geological kare of Moscow nharaunda uye dzakapoteredza nzvimbo, izvo pamusoro mamiriyoni emakore pasi mvura. Kune vanoonekwa dzasara zvipenyu vaigara nzvimbo panguva dzakasiyana: algae, invertebrates uye hove.

• chechina horo Exhibits ndezvaJehovha mukupera Paleozoic uye mangwanani Mesozoic. The vainyatsotarisirwa kwakakodzera Northern Dvina maberere neboka marangwanda uye nezvinokambaira makuru dinotsefalov avo vakaungana muzvinafundo Amalitsky. Pamasvingo mukamuri unokwanisa kuona mifananidzo mifananidzo zvinomera uye mhuka unyanzvi woodcarving uye zvedongo reliefs kupendwa. Munoshongedza kamuri rakagadzirwa Akarovera mhangura phylogenetic pamuti vertebrates uye chakarembera nechepakati chandelier nemifananidzo vertebrates yekare.

• Imba wechishanu achasuma vaenzi kuti makemikari nyika rechipiri hafu Mesozoic uye zvakasiyana-siyana madzvinyu iyoyo. Heino kuunganidzwa shiri uye dinosaurs ari Jurassic uye Cretaceous nguva. Chimwe chikuru Exhibits - Diplodocus, aine chakaumbwa pamusoro marangwanda rakanga zvapa muna 1910 na Nicholas II American E. Carnegie ari kukudzwa 300th musi unoenderana Romanov dzinza.

• The kamuri wechitanhatu rakazvipira kuna Cenozoic yaitonga mhuka nhoroondo. Pano vari hwakaratidzwa vamiririri kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Kufarira ndivo marangwanda kuti hofori chipembere-paraceratherium, mastodon-gomphotherium, bolsherogogo mhembwe, bako nemapere.

Central Armed Forces Museum muMoscow

Nhoroondo kwayo muna 1919, apo zvachose kuratidza "The Life of Red Army uye Navy" yakatangwa.

History of Armed Forces venyika yedu zvinoratidzwa 15 000 Exhibits, izvo hwakaratidza muna 24 dzimba achitora imwe nzvimbo 5,000 mativi mamita. M. The Zvinhu inoiswa kurongwa: nhoroondo weuto Russian kusvikira 1917, panguva Civil War, Red Army murindi of Soviet Union muHondo Yenyika II, makore pashure pehondo, Soviet Armed Forces. Nechipiriso mapepa, mibayiro, mifananidzo, zvombo uye uto zvokushandisa, dzakaunganidzwa mireza, pachake Zvinhu vemauto, mapurisa nemasoja.

Other nhoroondo miziyamu muMoscow

List chenhau mamiziyamu anogona kupfuurira. Pakati pavo Museum of Contemporary History, yakavambwa muna 1917 uye vakazvitsaurira kuna nhoroondo Russian kubva pakati XIX remakore remakore mid-maviri.

Moscow Museum Kudzivirira akatanga kuvapo kwayo muna 1981 pamwe pashoo, rakanga yakarongwa kuti iitike rienderane ramakumi mana gore Hondo Moscow.

Imwe Military History Museum muMoscow - Central Museum of Great Patriotic War. The chirangaridzo kunzwisisa yakavhurwa musi Poklonnaya Hill muna 1995 nokuti rechi50 gore Kukunda.

Moscow nhoroondo miziyamu hazvigoni kumbofungidzira pasina Moscow kwakaita Museum, iro rakaumbwa muna 1896 ne City Council. Zvadaro rainzi Museum of Moscow upfumi guta, uye nzvimbo yaro nzvimbo yokutanga vaiva Krestovsky mvura shongwe. Moscow miziyamu inobatanidza akawanda madhipatimendi: Archaeology, kuchamuka tsika, nhoroondo muruvazhe Lefortovo, Chirungu.

Museum of Archaeology of Moscow akavhura somunhu bazi Moscow Museum of 850th gore guru muna 1997. Nokuti rakavakwa pevhu netende ari kudzika 7 metres pamusoro nzvimbo matongo basa panguva rokuvakazve Manege Square vari 90s remakore rapfuura.

Chirungu farmstead kunorevawo kuti Museum of History of Moscow uye mumwe zvivako mukuru guru. Pakati Exhibits: ". History of Chambers roruvanze Chirungu" "Moscow Ages maziso vatorwa", "History of Anglo-Russian noukama XV-XII emakore", kuratidzwa zvachose "Visit Elizabeth II muna 1994 Chambers Old Chirungu Court muMoscow" iri miziyamu.