The guru - harisi chete musimboti enyika

Mumitauro yakawanda necheSalvic, shoko "guru" rinobva Old necheSalvic "tafura", izvo zvinoreva nzvimbo kwaiva zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvachose hwaro muchinda. Mumutauro muLatin uye mitauro munyika yaiva mukati hweRoma, chikuru chiratidzo muguta rinobva muchiLatin shoko caput, iro anoshandura se "musoro" kana "title". Chero zvazvingava, guta guru - izvi, kupfuura zvose, musimboti woupenyu enyika munyika.

Nezvekwakabva shoko rokuti

Kubvira vanhu kwakaita kuti aivapo mararamiro munzvimbo zvechigarire, mamwe maguta vakatanga kubuda pachiyero kwayo kukura. mamiriro ezvinhu aya yaivapo pre-statist nguva, sezvinoratidzwa Zvakafukunurwa kumabvazuva kweTurkey, akawana nzvimbo temberi makore 12 000 makore, izvo, maererano zvekungofungira matongo, vakashumira Culture Centre anofanira kuwedzera kune makiromita mazana matatu kumativi.

Nokuti guru akazotevera nemagariro - ndiko, pakutanga kwezvose, nzvimbo mubati ehurumende kana mambo, rimwe nzvimbo yaiva vane masimba pasi. Nechekare paBhabhironi mumwe zvinokosha zviri muguta guru anova State Archives, yaiva chinokosha mamiriro magwaro, akadai mirairo uye mutongi kurondedzerwa rutsigiro rwemauto.

anongofamba guta

Vazhinji anongofamba vanhu kwenguva refu nguva pakanga pasina pfungwa guru, sezvo vari kuramba kushanda muzinda, asi ivo vaiva huru zvivako zvetemberi nenzvimbo tsvene, iyo akashanda se muunganidzwa pfungwa nokuda vamiririri vose kuti zvisarudzo zvinokosha.

Shoko rokuti "guta" iri Roman Empire anowana yemhando kugutsikana. Pane akagara zvachose Seneti uye navabati, kunyange zvazvo mukunopera umambo rakanga kuti vatongi kana venhema kuti uchangamire hatina kumbova kuRoma, asi yairamba ichifambira navarwi.

Madzimambo Byzantine uyewo zvikuru nokushingaira vayambuka rakakura nyika, asi vakaendeswa ezvinhu arşive. Muchiitiko chino, Constantinople akanga chisingarambiki chinzvimbo huru guta, tsika, nhoroondo uye zvoupfumi pakati nyika, iyo vakaunzwa zvinhu uye netsika dzose pamusoro eumambo hwacho. Waiva muenzaniso yacho kana guta guru aivawo pakukura guta yakajeka.

feudal guta

Munguva pfupi yapfuura mumwe feudalism, guta guru - izvi, kupfuura zvose, nguva yakagara achitonga mambo. Somuenzaniso, mumwe kwavabati German aiva guta yayo, izvo zvinogona kuva mumwe wenhare, riri kumba kuti feudal ishe.

Nokuti vazhinji ano inoti guru - guta rine mahofisi ehurumende, kunyange pane kusaina. Munyika dzakawanda, pane mitemo chaiyo mamiriro muguta guru.