Traffic chiedza chime: mhando uye mapikicha

Pfungwa kugadzwa motokari mwenje napamharadzano dzenzira kuti motokari kudzora ndohwaJehovha Londoner John Pico kuwana. By basa aiva nyanzvi njanji semaphore.

Several zvenhoroondo zvinhu

First rwemotokari zviedza rakagadzirwa uye yakaiswa mumigwagwa kuLondon muna 1868. Anonongedzera mairi kushandisa manually nokuda miseve maviri. Horizontal nzvimbo yavo raireva "kumisa", pane necheparutivi rworwendo 45. - kubvumidza nokungwarira kufamba. Kusiyanisa zviri usiku rima semaphore anonongedzera rinoshandiswa pamwe gasi tochi. Kukosa, iye glows mutema kana tsvuku.

Automatic motokari chiedza chiratidzo nokuchinja maitiro yagadzirwa uye patented mu Chicago muna 1910. Pashure vaviri makore, vatyairi akasangana yokutanga yemagetsi motokari zviedza, chiratidzo magetsi vane yaizivikanwa kwatiri zvino manyoro uye tsvuku mavara. Sezvineiwo, zvazvino yakaitika panguva haana patented.

Chii vaiva vokutanga motokari zviedza

Zvishoma nezvishoma mumigwagwa mikuru US maguta (Cleveland, New York, Detroit) akatanga kuwana motokari mwenje. Vazhinji vavo vakanga anonongedzera maviri - red uye girini, raparurwa zvakananga nokuda kwebhurocha nemapurisa, agere yokuchinja muupenyu girazi mumatumba.

Zvadaro, muna 1920 dzavo mazano uye vakatanga kushandisa yeyero chiratidzo. MuEurope, wokutanga motokari zviedza vakanga kuiswa muParis, Hamburg uye maguta England. Design Countdown akaonekwa chete muna 1998, zvakaitika muFrance.

In nyika yedu, kugadzwa wokutanga motokari zviedza dzakawira kutanga thirties remakore rapfuura. Yokutanga yakatangwa Leningrad panguva mharadzano, ava kunzi Nevsky uye Liteiny Tariro. Zvino pakutanga 1930. Papera gore iye vaiwana chiitiko ane motokari chiedza wokutanga muMoscow, panguva mharadzano of Kuznetsk zambuko uye st. Petrovka.

Basa motokari mwenje kuti senga ano

Nhasi, motokari mumigwagwa hazvibviri pasina zvakadaro nzira ine simba rwekuronga uye sangano, sezvo motokari mwenje. The zvikuru ndechokuratidza optimize unhu kokushambadzira dzavo mumigwagwa uye kuti vabudirire yakakwirira azvipire kuchengeteka. Traffic signalization - rinokosha Chestkuva vakawanda motokari pfungwa, iine nezviyero kuti Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri sangano kuparadzira motokari Rwako, kuchengeteka netsoka uye cyclists, uye kushandiswa chaizvo hwokutiparadza nemotokari.

Nokuti vakachengeteka zvikonzero, vari kuiswa munzvimbo yakakwirira mukana petsaona, izvo zvinogona kuderedza mudziyo kugara kuchinja. Uyewo mune zviitiko apo mamwe matanho (unorambidza marongero uye vakaomerwa kumhanya motokari zviratidzo, asi midziyo unregulated kuchinja munofamba nevanhu) havasi zvakakwana inobudirira.

Traffic zviedza ari fanira hwaro zvinokosha kuisa munzvimbo kazhinji vanoremekedza kodzero kukosha kana kutyaira nepamharadzano. Uyewo, apo sangano rine kumhanya kana kukura, kana maonero ipfupi uye nematambudziko kuona kukoshesa kutonga mirayiridzo, panguva yakaderera throughput vanokwanisa mugwagwa chikamu.

Dzavo mamwe basa

Traffic mwenje, kunze, kuzadzikisa zvimwe zvinangwa dzezvakatipoteredza. Somuenzaniso, anonzi girini wave kutsigira yunifomu kumhanya motokari kuyerera, uye kuderedza uwandu kwamira.

With zvishoma mafuta kuparadzwa, akaderedza chiutsi choutsi uye uwandu ruzha kubva zvinofamba motokari. chinhu ichi chinokosha uyewo mumaguta makuru mumigwagwa pamwe rinorema motokari. Lights basa rinokosha mukuita kuchengeteka cyclists uye munofamba nevanhu.

Zvavari

Maererano mhando uye chinangwa pane mhando dzakawanda rwemotokari zvakachinjikwa. Kune okunatsiridza museve uye pasina zviviri kana zvitatu chiedza anonongedzera vari yakaiswa pamusoro kuyambuka kana kutenderera nzira. All ichi - motokari mwenje. Traffic chiedza chime akaronga chete dzakachengeteka kwevanhu pamusoro mugwagwa.

Most ziendamberi, zvakapararira mhando vavo - motokari mumugwagwa. Chime kuyambuka pamwe motokari zviedza zvinogona kuonekwa munzira chero nyika.

Sei motokari chiedza

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, mune mazano nokuti motokari dzinowanzoshandiswa zvose zvetsika mavara matatu - green, yellow uye tsvuku. Kana motokari chiedza kutwasuka, tsvuku anogara pamusoro, girini - pasi. The chinjikira urongwa zvose asara mutsvuku, kurudyi - green. Part motokari inopiwa ne zvimwe chikamu.

Ndechipi chinangwa yeyero chiratidzo? Nokuti mugwagwa motokari ichivhenekera zvinoreva zvinotevera: ndima chemabhazi mutsetse anobvumirwa, asi kumhanya mufambe yacho, motokari zviedza, zvinofanira hazvo kuderedzwa. Kureva mutyairi anofanira kugadzirira motokari mwenje ufambe kusvika tsvuku. mureza uyu ari zvakawanda mazano anogona orenji.

mhando kuzvidzora

inofamba kuzvidzora achishandisa motokari zviedza zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana. With anoramba mutemo hurumende yake zvisingachinji uye hakubvi pakuti nguva zuva kana zuva revhiki. Mumwe maonero - adaptive. It is pamwero kunobva motokari dziriko. Izvi zvinogona kushandura chero urongwa kana nhamba kana ya danho nokuchinja anonongedzera.

Mamwe marudzi adaptive kuzvidzora kunogona kuchinja zvose zviratidzi zvitatu. Mode inonzi girini chinozunguzirwa zvinogoneka chete nguva dzose murau kana adaptive shanduka-urefu chiedza maitikiro.

Uye chii vanhu?

Ngatichikurukurai vasiri chokufambisa - dzinopfuura nevakawanda mwenje. Vari yakaiswa pamusoro pamutemo chime kuyambuka. Kazhinji, vari takashongedzerwa maviri chete anonongedzera - inoita uye disables. Chitarisiko, magadzirirwo dzingasiyana zvishoma pakati pavo vanhu. The yakakurumbira dzinopfuura nevakawanda chiedza - chairatidzika silhouettes dzevanhu - green (kufamba) uye tsvuku (vakamira).

Mune dzimwe nyika, pangava nezvimwe zviratidzo. Somuenzaniso, muUnited States dzvuku chiratidzo unomutswa noruoko. Dzimwe nguva, pane muchanza kana vanhu vanogona kuonekwa rakanyorwa "mirai makasimba" uye "enda." Mumigwagwa Oslo irambidzwe dzinopfuura nevakawanda Mureza sokunge vaviri vakamira pedyo dzvuku dzevanhu nenhamba.

All date Kuoma aireva kurerukirwa kuti vanhu vane havachaoni zvakanaka kana upofu, kuti zvakaipa ruvara-bofu. In chete tsinga, munyika dzakawanda kazhinji munhu dzinopfuura nevakawanda chiedza anonongedzera vari kudzokororwa inzwi.

Ngatimbotaura magadzirirwo ayo

Chii pamasikiro dzinopfuura nevakawanda chiedza? Pane zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita. Mumwe wavo - kwakavakirwa incandescent kana halogen. Dzinopfuura nevakawanda chiedza mune iyi ine mwenje reflector, Sefa, fresnel izvo uye anodzivirira visor.

Vamwe vakava kwakapararira motokari zviedza yakagadzirirwa yakavakirwa LEDs. Vane zvimwe zvakanaka, zvinoti: yakajeka ruvara, pasi ndingangokuvara rakarasika chiedza. Uyewo, ivo zvishoma kubatwa kukuvara - iri chiitiko kufoira rimwe chete akatungamirira vamwe akagadzira anoramba operative.

Kunze motokari kwakadaro zvikuru nyore kuvaka uye rine akatungamirira hondo, vandal-uchapupu regirazi uye chivharo.

Dzinopfuura nevakawanda anotungidza T7

Maererano nenhamba, kota ose chime kwemotokari kuitika kuyambuka kwavari, hapana motokari mwenje. Pana vatyairi mambakwedza uye usiku dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kuona munhu chime kuyambuka. Chii chingaitwa kuti kuvandudza kuchengeteka kwevari unregulated iitike?

The yakanakisisa yokugadzirisa zvevakomana - midziyo kuchinja kwakadaro motokari zviedza akadai T7. yero Izvi zvakaita zvakagadzirwa. Vanokwanisa kuti muonekwe mutyairi kure. A kutungamirirwa kuratidza kubudikidza KUDA chiedza chakadai mumadekwana kana murima zvakarurama vanonyevera mutyairi kusvika ane chime kuyambuka uye kudiwa kuderedza akurumidze. Somugumisiro, chiratidzo pakati dzinopfuura nevakawanda mwenje kuyambuka mugwagwa njodzi zvikuru.

iri dzinofambiswa chiedza ichi kubva mains romugove, mutengo waro chokugadza ndivo zvikurukuru waya kuisa kwacho uye mari yokupedzisira.

Traffic Light Solar

Kunyange rikurumidze mhinduro inogona kuva zvakaita motokari chiedza mudziyo wakashanda kubudikidza solar bhatiri. Chikuru mutengo waro chokugadza pa isingasviki hafu yacho waya hwokutiparadza uye anowiriranawo uwandu 40-50 zviuru. P. Uyezve, pane nouchapupu mari yemagetsi.

Traffic chiedza chime yokutenderera zuva mazuva ano - kuti vabudirire zvikuru michina yemhando yepamusoro. Nekuisa maumbirwo kwakadaro hakurevi kuchera pemigero, unobva waya kuti simba nerubatsiro rayo nedziviriro, muripo magetsi.

Ndezvipi zvakanakira?

Ko unmatched akagadzirwa kwakaita motokari zviedza Mini rezuva simba chirimwa mhando uye. Kwakadaro motokari zviedza pamusoro chime mazambuko anogona kuiswa motokari wemasaini pacharo uye otanga kushanda pakarepo pashure installation. Maawa nayo is - makore anenge 8 asina yokuzvigadzirisa.

Nokuda yakaderera simba rakawanda zviedza vakadaro yakasimba, rechargeable bhatiri rinogona kushanda pasina recharging pamusoro zuva kwemazuva matatu.

Masikati kuti bhatiri akapiwa nokuda solar muchitokisi simba. The ndinorova kwacho kunoitika kunyange yechando kana ramakore ekunze. Nemhaka Integrated controller zvizere bhatiri buditsa harimbowaniki.

Pakupedzisira zvinokosha kutaura kuti pane kunyange chaiyo shongwe yomumugwagwa zviedza kuRussia! Sculpture yakaiswa muna 2006 mumigwagwa muguta reNovosibirsk.