The Naval Museum muSt. Petersburg. Museums eSt. Petersburg

Kubva muna 1709, akatanga kutora musangano wake wemuNazivhi weNavy muSt. Petersburg. Ndiyo apo Petro ini ndakaraira kuvambwa kwe Model Model. Iri shoko rinosanganiswa rine maDutch midzi: muenzaniso-kammer - mudzimu wemuenzaniso. Nokudaro, ngarava yemhando uye mifananidzo yakawana musha wavo usingagumi mune rumwe rudzi rwemajeri ezvidzidzo. Nzvimbo yacho yaiwanzozadzwa nezviratidzo zvichienderana nemitemo yakagamuchirwa.

1722 yakaratidzwa nebhuku re "Mitemo pamusoro pekutungamirirwa kweShipyard uye Admiralty." Inotaura kuti tenzi uyo anotanga kuvaka chikepe, zvakakosha kuita imwe hafu yemuenzaniso pabhodhi, uye imwe yacho pamwe nekudhonza kuisa kuna Admiralty College. Pane makumi emakumi masere akadaro muenzaniso wezana remakore rechi18 kusvika nhasi.

Kubudirira kwekuwedzera kwebhizimisi yekuvaka zvikepe kwakakonzera kuti izvo zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvakapiwa pane nzvimbo dzakagadzirira. Kukosha kwekuunganidza kwakaunganidzwa kunoderedzwa kusvika zero, uye muna 1805 Model Model yakashandurwa kuva "Marine Museum". Muna 1908 akagamuchira zita raPeter Mukuru, iye zvino musamuziyamu wemvura. Petersburg, mugore iroro 1908: musamuziyamu inoyeuka gore rechimakumi maviri. Iko nzvimbo yekuratidzira inowedzera yakawedzerwa uye inovandudzwa. Muna 1924, the Naval Museum yakanzizve iyo Central Museum. Iri zita richiri kuchengetedzwa. Uye mumazuva edu Naval Museum muSt. Petersburg ine zita rimwe chete. Pasi payo, anozivikanwa chaizvoizvo munyika yose.

Panguva yekuvapo kweguta kanomwe - muna 1720 uye muna 1991 (mushure mekuparadzwa kweU.SR) yakanzi St. Petersburg. Musimamende weNavy haina kuchinja zita rawo uye ikozvino, inongogadziriswa chete: muna 2011 inoendeswa kuchivako chekare cheKryukovsk (Naval). Icho chinhu chinoshandiswa marine nhaka uye chimwe chezvinhu zvekare zvikuru zveRussia. The Naval Museum (SPB) ndiyo inzvimbo huru yezvinhu zvakabatana nenhau yemakwikwi enyika.

Kuratidzwa kwepakati peimba

Nhoroondo yezvikepe zveRussia, kubva pakuvamba kwayo kusvika munaOctober Revolution ye1917 , inomiririrwa mukati meimba. Ndiyo huru pane dzose dzimba dzeNavy Museum muna St. Petersburg.

Heino chikepe chaPetro I , mhando dzezvikepe zvezvikepe uye zvombo zvehondo mumazana emakore 18-20. Pakati pezvipingamupinyi zviri muimba, iwe unogona kudana chern yekare uye igwabhasi. Iro munhoroondo yekuvakwa kwemasimasirasi - yekutanga, yakagadzirirwa motokari yemagetsi. Uyewo, nzvimbo inokosha inopiwa zvinhu uye zvinhu, izvo zvinotaura zvakajeka nezvekubatanidzwa kwezvikepe zveRussia mune zviitiko zvakaitika muna 1917, uyewo muHondo Yenyika Yekutanga.

Zvishandiso zveHondo yeVanhu vezvikepe

Nguva iyo inomiririrwa nechitarisiko ichi inosanganisira 1918-1922. Pano zvose zvinotaura nezvechiito chemasimba chemauto vehondo panguva yeHondo yeVanhu uye nezvekuita kwekunze kwenyika kwakaratidzwa. Ikoko kune zvombo zvehondo uye zvigadzirwa zvezvikepe. Izvozvi: iyo torpedo tube kubva kunyanzvi yemvura "Panther", iyo yakazununguka muna 1919 muBrithani kuparadza, uye mumiri 75-millimeter kubva muchikepe "Admiral Zavoiko" ("Red Pennant"). Pakati pezviratidzo unogona kuona kopi yakadukura yemakungwa emakungwa eMackerel, mufananidzo wemuparadzi Gabriel nevamwe.

Horo dzeNavy yeUSSR muna 1922-1941.

Kuongorora zvinhu zveimba iyi, iwe unogona kudzidza kuti ingarava yacho yakatanga sei munguva mushure meHondo Yenyika. Kunyatsoteerera kunofanira kubhadharwa kune muenzaniso wekutanga muSoviet shipbuilding cruiser inonzi "Kirov". Pane zvimwe zvigadziro zvemuzinda uno unogona kuona nhoroondo yekudzorerwa kwezvikepe zvakatorwa mumifananidzo nevashandi vekugadzirisa ngarava nezvimwe. Chikamu chinokosha chemuenzaniso wacho chinorondedzera nezvezviitiko zve1939-1940, zvakaitika panguva yehondo yeFinnish. Chiratidziro chinopa zvinhu zvomunhu wevatori vechiitiko zvezviitiko zvemakore iwayo uye zvinyorwa zvepakutanga.

Horo dzezvikepe zveWWII nguva

Kubva pakuratidzwa, kutaura nezvekutanga kweHondo yePamatritic War, unogona kuwana chokwadi chinonakidza pamusoro pekudzivirirwa kweMoscow neLeningrad, pamwe chete nekutora chikamu cheBlack Banner Baltic Fleet muhondo dza1941-1942. Uyezve, zviratidzo zveimba yacho inozivisa vashanyi nezvekusunungurwa kwekuvharwa kweLeningrad, kusanganisira simba rezvombo zvehondo. Inotaurira kuti Crimea, Northern Norway neSoviet Arctic yakasunungurwa sei. Mumakamuri ezvikepe zveZimbabwe Yechipiri unogona kuona mamwe emhando dze ndege dzehondo uye ngarava, mhando dzezvombo zvehondo.

Kukunda Imba ye1945

The Naval Museum muSt. Petersburg yakaungana pasi pezvikamu zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana muVictory Hall. Kune zvikwata zvakawanda zvemuzinda uye mabhanhire, zvombo zvepamba uye zvikwereti. Kukundwa kwechimeriyuta Japan kwakabata zvikepe zveAmur Flotilla uye Pacific Fleet. Mumahwindo ayo, musamuvheti wemasvingo muSt. Petersburg akaisa mienzaniso yezvikepe zvemauto aya ehurumende seuchapupu hwevanhu vakananga zvezviitiko zvemakore iwayo. Kunyanya kubhadharwa kunobhadharwa kune feat zvakaitwa nevashandi veC-13 engarava yemvura yakadzika muGermany gumi-crock cruise liner Wilhelm Gustloff. Mune zvidzidzo zvevanyori vezvakaitika kare, kunyura kwemudziyo weuyu ukuru kunotaurwa zvakakodzera seimwe yenjodzi dzavo huru.

Museum yemuSt. Petersburg

Makamuri ekutanga ehurumende yeRussia akazarurwa muSt. Petersburg. Kunstkamera yakatangwa, yakatangwa muna 1714 naPeter Mukuru se "nzvimbo yezvishamiso". Mumakore mana kukohwa kwezvinhu zvisingazivikanwi kwakakura zvakanyanya zvokuti Kunstkammer akatamira kune chivako chaakavakirwa uye chakanga chakazarurirwa kuvanhu vose. MuSt. Petersburg, imwe yenyika dzakawanda dzemitambo, nhoroondo uye masayamu emasikirwo anobudirira anoshandisa - iyo Hermitage, iyo yakagadzirwa inosanganisira zvinhu zvinodarika mamiriyoni zvitatu zvezvigadziro zvemitambo zvepasi uye mabasa oumhizha kubva paMatombo Age kusvika kuzana remakore rino.

Kusvikira iye zvino, St. Petersburg ine masamusiyamusi uye mazana maviri emashizha ayo ari chikamu chavo. Makamuri emimisimusi yaPetro anosanganisira mauto-nhoroondo, nyanzvi, unyanzvi, imba uye nzvimbo dzepaki, nhoroondo, ethnographic uye archaeological uye dzimwe dzakawanda dzidziso dzekuratidzira. Zvese dzinoshanyira gore negumi nemakumi ezviuru zvevashanyi. Vazhinji vevashanyi vatorwa: zvirokwazvo, St. Petersburg ndiyo "window yeEurope" iyo Peter I "yakadarika." Yaiva neguta rino apo kukurudzirwa kweMambo weRussia sehurumende yenyika yakatanga.