Kunonyadzisa kwevavengi Finnish War

yechando ichi chinorwadza asina makore 50 kare yakarova 30 inosiyana chando muna November, uye muna January, tembiricha akadonha kuna 40-45 madhigirii pazasi razero. Uye mamiriro okunze wakaitwa kusvikira March. Frozen ivhu rakaita kongiri, uye nemipaini miti emakore-kare kuparuka kubva ekunze chando zvakadai pamusoro yose kureba tiine rakaita pfuti wapfura. Handizvidembi mhando uye chando, yaiva anenge mazuva ose. yechando ichi yaisazoraramika yaiva 1939-1940 iri kuchamhembe Soviet Union uye Finland. Yakanga utungamiriri Soviet vakasarudza arange "zvokuzvikudza White Finns" pamaoko Red Army. Sezvo November 30 akatanga "neznamenitaya" Soviet-Finnish hondo 1939-1940, iyo zvino rainzi "kusunungurwa Mushandirapamwe".

August 23, 1939 pakati Germany uye USSR akanga yakasainwa chokusarwisana chibvumirano. Uye gwaro iri, kunewo pachivande chinamatidzwa. Maererano naye, maviri masimba makuru akaparadzanisa mabhora avo simba, uye pasi "bapiro" Soviet Union, pakati dzimwe nyika yakarova Finland. Zvichakadai, sezvo March 1938 hurumende yeSoviet Union akatungamirira kuti akurukure Hurumende Finland pamusoro kwemajoini chiito kusimbisa nepagungwa uye nenyika miganhu vose munyika. A chinodiwa kuti Nhaurirano ava basa Germany, Austria uye kuomesa of political ezvinhu Europe. Vanhu vokuSoviet vaida zvikurukuru kuwana vimbiso hapana muvengi achapfuura nomunyika Finnish ndima uye haagoni vanotyisidzira Leningrad kubva kurutivi. Asi hurumende Finnish aramba inopa akadaro, uye pakudaro ndokubva aita kuti danho nechokwadi kuti Finnish hondo vakava chisingadzivisiki.

Zvisinei, munguva pfupi Finns vanzwisisa sei pfupi VANOONA aiva kuramba kwakadaro, uye akatanga feverishly kuti nezvombo. Sachigaro Defense Council kana vakanga Marshal Mannerheim. Uye nezvarinovimbisa nerubatsiro nemauto-maindasitiri kunzwisisa muFinland chichiwanikwa pamusoro "Nokufema zvizere". Cherechedzai rwakabhadharwa kuna Finnish muchiuto Kusimbaradza uye mazuvaano pamusoro masvingo, izvo kare dzakavakwa munyika Karelian Isthmus. Zvino shure neGermany of Czechoslovakia (April 1939), pamwe Soviet Union danho vakatanga mutsva ose Nhaurirano. Panguva ino, utungamiriri Soviet vakapa Finland rubatsiro uto kana yaiparadza. Uye kupindura Finns vaifanira risi Union zviwi anoverengeka riri muGulf of Finland. Ndivo uto utungamiriri Union vakaronga kuisa mamwe umbowo chifukidziro Kronstadt kubva mugungwa. Kunyange zvazvo Mannerheim akakurudzira enyika kubvuma pfungwa yacho USSR, maonero ake chakarambwa. Pashure paizvozvo, ine rugare kugadzirisa kupokanidzana pakati mapato vakava zvisingabviri, uye Soviet-Finnish hondo yakava chete nyaya nguva.

A asiri utsinye chibvumirano ne Germany kwenguva yakati akasunungura maoko Soviet Union, uye Moscow akasarudza dzikambouya Finland. Formal chiitiko, iro rakatanga mushure Finnish War 1939, aiva kutokonora of Red Army zvinzvimbo Mainila musha. Zvino musi November 26, uye akaita izvi kudenhwa NKVD, kuita pasi achinyepera reFinnish mauto. Pashure paizvozvo, pakati penyika mbiri dzakanga akatsaura ose nedzenyu ukama, uye 30 November yakatanga guru-pamwero nechisimba Red Army iri munharaunda nawo anoti. Muchiuto utungamiriri pamusoro USSR akaronga kwevhiki nhatu kuputsa muuto Finnish uye gara Helsinki.

Asi urongwa Soviet vemauto haana takatondeswa kuti kurasikirwa. A frontal kurwisa yakakurumbira Mannerheim mutsetse kwakakundikana. Zvadaro anoparadzirwa Soviet akanyora kure kukundikana ichi pamusoro inaccessibility yacho yokuzvidzivirira hurongwa. Kunyange zvazvo kutaura zvazviri Finnish masvingo yakavakwa muna Karelian Isthmus, ane 10-nguva akanga simba kupfuura French Maginot uri nhamba bunkers, pillboxes uye atirari zvombo. Uye chokwadi, kuti Mannerheim Line akanga asiri chipinganidzo chisingakundiki kune ipapo Army. Zvisinei, Red Army kuti vhiki nhatu dzokutanga kupaza kunyange mutsetse wokutanga Finnish zvepamusoro, tisingatauri payakatora Helsinki. Uye 21 December tsamwisa ichi vakarega zvachose, uye 26 romwedzi iwoyo, Red Army vachifamba achizvidzivirira. Finnish hondo vanotyisidzira kuva kuramba tichishanda.

Pashure paizvozvo, paiva kuedza kuisa webetsero kurwadzisa kune Finnish zvinzvimbo kuchamhembe kweLake Ladoga. Asi kuedza ichi dzakaguma muna kukundikana, uye somugumisiro maviri "zvitsvuku" Division takakombwa uye zvachose kuputsika. Uye vakawanda munzvimbo yacho Finns akakomba uye vakaparadza mapoka mashanu Red Army. Zvino mberi mauto eSoviet akatanga February 1, 1940 chete, shure kwokunge vagamuchira zvinokosha vavabatsire. Zvino, pamusoro Mannerheim Line rainzwika North-Western Front, akarayira SK Tymoshenko. Raisanganisira 7th uye rechi13 Army. Daily kutokonora vakashaisa kudzivirira Finns. Yakanga chete musi February 11, kwokudzivirira Finns chakaderera. A February 14, Red Army akatora mari guta.

Nokudaro, Red Army zvishoma nezvishoma mberi, uye muna March, vakatotanga muhondo kuti guta Vyborg. Zvino hurumende Finnish, vachiona kusabatsira kwohumwe nemishonga, akatuma nhume kuna Moscow kuitisa hurukuro rugare. Vakatora 4 mazuva, uye March 13 vaimbopota zvose ikanyarara. Finnish hondo yakapera, uye hurumende kuti nyika atora zvose ezvinhu chavakapa zveutungamiriri yeSoviet. Somugumisiro yakaoma kukunda ose USSR akagamuchira guta Vyborg, yose Karelian Isthmus uye nharaunda riri kuchamhembe Lake Ladoga, pamwe muguta Sortavala. Saka, takakwanisa kusunda muganhu unobva Leningrad 150 makiromita, apo Finland akabatanidzwa USSR haana kushanda. Zvino Finns somugumisiro hondo iyi vakarasikirwa kuzvidzivirira zvavo zvose uye vakaramba zvachose kuzvidzivirira.