Chirevo pamusoro primogeniture. Year 1714 ndipo

1714 mu Russia pakataurwa chidzoke itsva kurongeka. Peter I akasaina chirevo idzva "On primogeniture", saka anoedza agumise kusabatana asingaverengeki vanokudzwa matunhu uye kukwezva itsva vanhu basa Kesari kuhondo. mutemo uyu prescribes kusiya Real Estate ndeimwe chete murume - mwanakomana mukuru kana mwanasikana, kana kuda muridzi zvomuridzi.

danho rinokosha

Muna 1714, Peter anotora mutemo "On primogeniture" kubvisa muganhu pakati pfungwa "patrimony" (Nyika varidzi, iyo ine feudal tenzi, pamwe kodzero sale, mupiro) uye wemunda. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti mambo, sezvo munhu anogamuchira nhaka inofanira kuva upenyu mukushandira yaKesari. It kwakaitawo kuti nokusimbaradza upfumi landlords.

Ita nechirevo "On primogeniture" pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu West yave rakapa?

Pakutanga, mumwe angafunga kuti Petro akanga nokupesvedzera kunyika dzokuMadokero, iye aifarira kuti yenhaka muEngland, Venice, France. Rakafuridzirwa mienzaniso vatorwa, Peter ndakatsunga kuchinjwa yose pfuma kune mumwe, mwanakomana mukuru.

Chirevo "On primogeniture" yakasiyana European ishamwari izvozvo hazvina kodzero zvarinoroora pfuma chete kusvika mwanakomana wedangwe, akadana kugadzwa upi mutsivi dzakakudzingai kuodza mwoyo nomunda, matunhu.

Nokudaro, vakachengeta paumbwe paunhu pfuma, pamutemo yaiva yakasiyana zvachose yokuti kuchinjwa pfuma nhaka. Peter wakasika chinhu chete yokuti Generic dendere kwemakore akawanda unobatanidza nokusingaperi enhaka uye nenhaka muridzi webasa.

Chirevo "On primogeniture": basa senzira kwokuwana pfuma

The Act chaiva chinangwa chikuru choupenyu muhondo. Kubva vakaedza kutiza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, asi hurumende kuranga vaya vasina kuonekwa panguva chikumbiro zvikuru.

In chirevo ichi vakanga nezvayakaipira: zvino muridzi havagoni kutengesa kana mogeji pfuma. Kutaura zvazviri, Petro akaita kudanwa, uye musiyano pakati umambo wemunda, ndinosika itsva pamutemo muchimiro muridzi. To akasarudzwa nechirevo "On primogeniture" akacherechedza uye pakanga pasina nzira kumativi, Peter I kunopa mutero hombe (basa) pamusoro kutengeswa munyika varidzi (kunyange vaine vana).

Mune ramangwana, mutemo akaita akarambidza kutenga munda vana vadiki, kana vasiri akaenda mumwe nguva muhondo (zvichireva kadheti Corps). Kana jendurumani, pfungwa, kwete kuzoshandirwa, ipapo kuzviwanira nyika yavo muridzi vakava zvisingabviri. Amendment ichi asingagoni akayambuka, sezvo basa iri hondo haana kutora, asi kana munhu akanga zviratidzo zvakajeka dementia kana zvinetso zvakakomba zvoutano.

Nhaka pfuma

Chirevo Peter "riri primogeniture" zera zvokutaurira murayiro gavhuna. With makore 20 mugari wenhaka aigona kurasa munyika varidzi, nemakore 18 aibvumirwa kutungamirira chinjwa pfuma vakadzi, Mutemo rakawedzera makore 17. Ndiwo zera munyaya Russia muchato. Kusvika pamwero mutemo uyu kudzivirira kodzero yevana: mugari wenhaka aifanira kuchengeta pfuma chaiyo hama nehanzvadzi dzavo muduku, kuvatarisira mahara avo zvizere kugamuchirwa nhaka.

Musimboti nezvomurau Peter I

Pakati kwamachinda paiva kusagutsikana, sezvo gwaro akanga nyasha kuroorwa, kazhinji kumanikidza vamwe kuti varambe vari muurombo. Kuti pfuma yakapfuura kuti mwanasikana wake, murume wake aifanira kutora zita wekupedzisira akaiita, zvimwe zvose kuchinja kuti hurumende. Kana rufu mwanakomana mukuru pamberi nhaka yababa vake vakapfuura mwanakomana wake aimutevera ukuru, uye kwete muzukuru akaiita.

Musimboti chirevo "On primogeniture" akarara pakuti kana mwanasikana mukuru kwomumwe akaroora asati afa, wose pfuma yakapfuura mwanasikana inotevera (uyewo kuitira kuti ukuru). Nokuda kwokushayiwa vana mugari wenhaka yose pfuma yakapfuura kune mukuru hama iri pedyo dhigirii ukama. Kana akaiita pashure porufu rwake akaramba chirikadzi, akatambira yakararama varidzi chepfuma wake, asi ane Kunadzurudzwa muna 1716, akanga kuwana mumwe wechina wemunda.

The Kusagutsikana vavakuru uye abolition of chirevo

Chirevo Peter ndakasangana Kusagutsikana guru munzanga, sezvo zvakakanganisa zvido kwamachinda. Dudziro mutemo zvaipesana pachavo. Kwamachinda haana kuudza maonero ari mambo pamusoro chirevo "On primogeniture." Year 1725 akauya wokutanga kuchinja dzinokosha poslablyaya kwokutanga kugadzwa. Chiito ichi wakatsamwisa yakakura asinganyatsonzwisisi, uye somugumisiro muna 1730 nayo chakagumisa Empress Anna Ivanovna. Pamutemo Chikonzero Kudzimwa kwechikwereti chirevo rakanga kuti tsika zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti vabudirire mune zvoupfumi chinhanho nhaka Real Estate.

Rakabudiswa Peter I muna 1714 chirevo "On primogeniture" kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti zvose zvinobvira nzira madzibaba akaedza zviparadzanise pfuma yake zvakafanana pakati zvose nevana.

mutemo uyu rakazivikanwa kuti vanobatanidzwa munyaya nhaka vanakomana vose vana wemufi. Nevazukuru mushakabvu akagamuchira mugove wababa vake, vakafa pamberi akaiita. Kusanganisira nhaka samanisi uye nedzimwe hama, uye mukadzi wemufi, kugamuchira mugove wake wenhaka. Pasina pedyo nehama kwehama mushakabvu nhaka vachipfuura ukuru. Kana akaiita asina hama kana panyaya kuramba kubva nhaka pakati chinjwa uye usingazungunuke pfuma hwakatamisirwa hurumende.