Magamba Hondo 1812 (Donongodzo)

War - zviri rinotyisa kwazvo, kunyange shoko ndiro ushamwari zvikuru zvinotyisa.

Hondo 1812

The War of 1812 kwakaitika pakati Russia uye France kuti kutyorwa yavose vaviri akasaina runyararo chibvumirano pakati Tilsit. Uye kunyange yakatora nguva refu, vanenge hondo dzose yakanga ropa chaizvo uye kuparadza kuti mativi. The kwokutanga inogara mauto akanga sezvinotevera: varwi zviuru mazana matanhatu kubva kuFrance uye mazana maviri namakumi mana nezviviri - kubva Russia. Zvaizobuda hondo kwakaoneka kubva pakutanga. Asi avo vakatenda kuti Russian Empire akarasika, zvikuru ndakanganisa. December 25, 1812, Mutongi Alexander I akasaina chikumbiro kuna vagari, iyo yakashuma pamusoro nokukunda kwemamiriro hondo.

Magamba yore

Magamba Hondo 1812, tarisa pasi pedu kubva mapeji enhau mabhuku. Mumwe kutora - zvachose kwazvo Portraits, uye chii shure kwavo? For vachivhaira postures uye yakaisvonaka yunifomu? Sunungukai kuenda kuhondo kundorwa vavengi Yababa - a Feat chaiyo. In hondo Napoleon nemauto muna 1812 vakarwa uye akafa vaduku magamba mazhinji kudaro vakakodzera uye anoshamisa. mazita avo ari airemekedzwa nanhasi. Portraits ari magamba Hondo 1812 - ndiwo chiso nevaya vasina kurega chinhu nokuda nevakariri zvakanaka. Tora basa nokuti murayiro uye kuzvidzora, uyewo mhanza, kana, nekusiyana, kukundwa muhondo uye kuguma kuhwina hondo - kuti ndiye mukuru kubudirira. Nyaya ino inotsanangura yakakurumbira vechikamu 1812 hondo makore, mabasa avo uye kuita.

Saka vanoita - magamba Hondo 1812? Photo Portraits unhu nomukurumbira, vakaisawo pazasi, zvichabatsira zadza pakakoromorwa zivo chizvarwa nhoroondo.

M. I. Kutuzov (1745-1813)

Apo magamba ambotaurwa Hondo 1812, ipapo vokutanga pfungwa Chokwadi, unouya Kutuzov. The yakakurumbira mboni Suvorov, unyanzvi uto mutungamiri, strategist uye tactician. Akaberekwa Golenischev-Kutuzov (zita chairo), mwanakomana worudzi kwamachinda, midzi zvakanga zvichiri machinda Novgorod. Baba Michael aiva muchiuto injiniya, ndiye vanofurirwa zvikuru pamusoro yemberi kusarudza basa mwanakomana. Kunyange kubva muduku Kutuzov akanga akasimba utano, kuongorora pfungwa uye tichingwaririra kukurukurwa. Asi chikuru chinhu - zviri achiri chisingarambiki tarenda rake zvehondo, izvo zviri vakapemberera mudzidzisi. Akadzidza Chokwadi, aine uto kutsvetera. Iye kudzidza atirari uye Engineering School pamwe chinokudza. Kwenguva refu nguva kunyange akadzidzisa ari ake Aruma mai.

Asi mupiro wake kukunda pamusoro Count, Serene Wake nokukwirira Prince Kutuzov panguva yehondo akanga atova pagungano kukwegura. Iye akasarudzwa mukuru wokutanga ST Petersburg uye ipapo Moscow nevarwi. Kuti aiva pfungwa kutumira kuMoscow, nokudaro vachiita gambit mu wechesi. Vakawanda veuto ariita muhondo, vakanga kushanda yakabvunzwa Kutuzov uye neshoko rake rakanga kusarudza zvokuita muna Fili. Hondo yakanga akahwina zvikuru kuonga manomano ake uye unyanzvi nzira zvechiuto. Nokuti izvi kuita kwakapiwa pachinzvimbo mambo pachinzvimbo chevatatu Field Marshal uye akava muchinda Smolensk. Akararama mukuru muchiuto mutungamiri mushure kukunda haana kugara kwenguva refu, chete pagore. Asi chokwadi kuti Russia haana kuteerera muhondo iyi - zvachose chakanakira M. I. Kutuzova. Kutaura nezvemabasa pamazita "People kwakaita hondo magamba 1812" nzvimbo yakawanda zvakakodzera kutanga ari murume.

DP Neverovsky (1771 - 1813)

Jinda, asi kwete nokuda imwe mhando, akatanga kuva private Neverovsky Semenov hondo. Pakazosvika 1812 akanga mukuru Pavlovsky chemazana chehondo pakati grenadiers. Akatumwa kudzivirira Smolensk, apo akasangana nemuvengi. Murat pachake, uyo akananga ari French pedyo Smolensk, akanyora netsamba dzake kuti akanga amboona kuzvitsaurira kwakadaro. mitsetse aya vakazvipira D. P. Neverovskomu. Kumirira vavabatsire, Dmitry Petrovich akaita yezwi Smolensk, izvo achakudzwa naye. Akabva muchirongwa Hondo Borodino, asi akakuvadzwa.

Muna 1812 akagamuchira chinzvimbo refutenendi mukuru. Kunyange pashure ronda haana kurega kurwa rake muhondo vakatambura mukuru varasikirwa. Chete hazvina musoro kubva murayiro, asi nokuda nokuzvitsaurira uye kuzvipira ari akaoma nzvimbo. Sezvo gamba, Neverovsky akafa maronda ake Halle. Gare gare reburied ari mumunda Borodino, kufanana magamba mazhinji Patriotic Hondo 1812.

MB Barclay of Tolly (1761 - 1818)

Zita iri muHondo Yenyika II yagara chokuita woumbwende, kusavimbika uye kuenda. Uye zvikuru zvisizvo.

gamba uyu Patriotic Hondo 1812 vakabva mhuri wokuScotland kare, asi vabereki vake vari vaduku mukomana wakatumwa kudzidza kuRussia, kwaaigara uye vakashumira sekuru vake. Ndiye munzira dzakawanda akabatsira jaya kuwana dzidzo rechiuto. Mikhail Bogdanovich pachako kusimudzirwa kuti mupurisa yakakwirira yatova nenguva gumi namatanhatu. Pakazosvika mavambo hondo pamwe Napoleon, iye akagadzwa wamauto yokutanga Western.

Kunakidza unhu aiva mukuru. Chose vane mwero, aigona kurara pachena mhepo uye pakudya zvavo masoja, nyaya yaiva nyore chaizvo. Asi akagara nesimba unhu uye, zvichida, kwakabva chando zvose. Mukuwedzera, muchiuto ndakanga kuchenjerera chaizvo, uye saka anotsanangura anofambisa ake akawanda shure. Asi zvakanga zvakafanira: mindlessly kutambisa hwevanhu, uye haana kuda, sezvo anoona, kodzero dzakadaro haana.

Iye akabata nzvimbo Minister Hondo, uye vose "anorovera" riri nokukundikana mauto wakawira pamusoro pake. Bagration mu netsamba dzake kunyora kuti muhondo Borodino, Mikhail Bogdanovich sokunge kuedza kufa.

Zvichakadai, hapana zvishoma, pfungwa shure kubva Moscow achabva kwaari, zvichaita kutsigira chete Kutuzov. Uye, sokunge hakuna, Barclay of Tolly zvakanaka. Ini pachangu vaiitawo hondo dzakawanda, achiratidza muenzaniso varwi sei kurwira nyika yavo. Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay of Tolly aiva mwanakomana Russia wechokwadi. Gallery magamba hondo muna 1812 pasina chikonzero vaisanganisa nezita iroro.

I. F. Paskevich (1782-1856)

Mwanakomana Varidzi akapfuma chaizvo, vagari Poltava. All zvimwe nezvimwe basa, asi akaona pachake ari mwana chete somutungamiriri wemauto, nenzira zvakaitika. Akaratidza zvakanaka muhondo pamwe Persia uye Turkey, akanga agadzirira hondo France. Kutuzov pachake kamwe akapa mambo sezvo ake kupfuura matarenda wechidiki mukuru.

Aiitawo hondo Bagration, kwose kwose, chero akarwa, akazviita nomwoyo, anorura kana iye kana muvengi. Akazvisiyanisa pana Smolensk uye Borodino hondo. Akanga dzakwidzwa paakavapa sezvakarayirwa St. Vladimir dzeboka rechipiri. It zita pashure St. Vladimir zvikurukuru paakavapa kuti magamba Hondo 1812.

P. I. Bagration (1765-1812)

gamba uyu Patriotic Hondo 1812 vakabva mhuri wamambo yekare yechiGeorgian, muuduku hwake akashanda ari musketeer hondo. Uye kunyange chikamu hondo hondo wokuRussia-wokuTurkey. Akadzidza unyanzvi hondo ari panguva Suvorov chaizvo, ushingi hwavo uye pfungwa pabasa akanga chaizvo aida wavarwi.

Munguva yehondo pamwe French, rinotungamirirwa wechipiri Western Army. Uyewo akashanyira shure pedyo Smolensk. Panguva iyoyo ndakanga kumushora chaizvo kuti shure pasina kurwa. Aiitawo Borodino. Panguva iyoyowo, muhondo iri raiva Peter Ivanovich zvinouraya. Akakuvadzwa zvakakomba, uye asati vakarwa heroically uye kaviri-vachikanda pamwe varwi muvengi kubva munzvimbo dzavo. The ronda chakanga chakaipisisa, iye hwakatamisirwa yavatezvara shamwari, apo akafa uye nokukurumidza. makore makumi maviri nemanomwe zvasara ake vakanga vadzokera Borodino munda, kunoviga Nekudzo panyika, nokuti iyo haana kudemba chinhu.

A. P. Ermolov (1777-1861)

The vakawanda panguva iyoyo zivai chaizvoizvo vose nokuti kubudirira kwayo inotevera Russia rose, uye vakanga vaidada. Very vakashinga, simba kwake, unyanzvi. Iye yakamborwa hapana mumwe, asi hondo dzakawanda sezvo vatatu vachipikisana Napoleon nemauto. Kutuzov pachake aikoshesa munhu uyu kwazvo.

Aiva murongi kudzivirira Smolensk, dzikaudza mambo pachake pamusoro zvose hondo, asi akabvovora nokuda shure, asi aiziva zvose pakushaiwa kwake. Iye wakaidzawo kuwiriranisa vaviri vemauto rinopikisa Barclay of Tolly uye Bagration. Asi pasina vacharamba kupopotedzana kurufu.

Most pachena hondo akazvisiyanisa panguva Hondo Maloyaroslavtseva. Haana kusiya Napoleon hapana sarudzo asi kuti shure pamusoro kare akaparadza Smolensk mugwagwa.

Kunyange zvazvo hukama murayiro vaneshungu hunhu hondo pamagumo chakakanganisika, asi kukosha nezviito zvake uye ushingi muhondo, hapana akamboda rerutsa. General Yermolov akatora nzvimbo yaro yakakodzera iri list, iyo rinodonongodza veuto - magamba Hondo 1812.

D. S. Dohturov (1756-1816)

Chimwe gamba pakati Hondo 1812. Future mukuru akazvarwa mumhuri umo anokudzwa kwazvo tsika zvechiuto. All hama dzake muna hono mutsetse vaiva nemauto, saka hazvisi zvakakodzera kusarudza upenyu. Uye chokwadi, mumunda ichi ndiko rombo chete Akaperekedzwa. Wokutanga chaizvo Grand Empress Catherine akamupa bakatwa pamusoro pamabasa ake panguva Russian-Swedish hondo yacho ine vachivhaira chakanyorwa. "For ushingi"

Iye akarwa pana Austerlitz, apo, zvakare, vakaratidza ushingi uye noushingi, akachimedura nehondo yake mhiri zvakatipoteredza. Ushingi Personal havana kumuponesa kubva zvinokuvadza munguva 1805 hondo, asi vanga haana kurega kuti munhu uye harina kumutadzisa kubatana kuhondo kweuto Russian munguva yeHondo 1812.

Near Smolensk ndiye chaizvo kurwarisisa dzihwa, asi haina ndiribvise mabasa. Mumwe musoja wake Dmitry kubatwa nokungwarira kukuru uye nehanya, akakwanisa kudzorera hurongwa panhengo yake pasi. Ndizvo zvaari Smolensk uye akaratidza.

Moscow kwakaita kusarenda ikapiwa kwaari akaoma, nokuti mukuru aiva Patriot. Uye kunyange tsama pasi kupa muvengi, haana kuda. Asi iye akatambura kurasikirwa kusimba, apo kuramba tichiedza nokuda kwavo. Akaratidza gamba chairo uye pedyo Maloyaroslavets vachirwa parutivi varwi General Yermolov. Pashure mumwe hondo Kutuzov akasangana Dokhturov mashoko: "Regai kundibata iwe, gamba!"

N. N. Raevsky (1771 - 1813)

Jinda, nhaka muchiuto murume, unyanzvi mutungamiri remauto, General kuti vatasvi vemabhiza. Career akatanga uye vakava pamwe murume saka kutsanya kuti pakati hwake, akanga agadzirira mudyandigere asi vakasagona. Kutyisidzirwa kubva French kwakanga kwakakura, matarenda vemauto kuti agare pamba.

Hunoita Nikolai Nikolaevich aiva rukudzo rokubata hondo muvengi, apo dzimwe nhengo hazvina kubatana. Iye akarwa Saltanovka, zvikamu izvozvo vakanga rakadonha, asi zvakadaro akanga achitamba nguva. Iye akarwa pana Smolensk, Borodino. Hondo yokupedzisira rakanga parutivi wayo mukuru ichivhuvhuta akawa, iye navarwi vake noushingi vakaramba.

Gare gare zvichava akabudirira zvikuru Chiito Tarutino uye Maloyaroslavets. Nokuti izvo akagamuchira Order of St. George ukuru rechitatu. Zvinosuruvarisa vachirwara uye zvakakomba zvikuru nokukurumidza, saka kuti kunyange pakupedzisira kurega munyaya nemauto.

PA Tuchkov (1769 - 1858)

About iye haana zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa. Ndakabva imba emauto uye vakashumira kwenguva refu pasi murayiro wababa vake. Kubva 1800 akashanda ari chinzvimbo chikuru zvayo.

Varwa mumusha muduku Valutina Mountain, ipapo pachake akatora murayiro pamusoro atoronga pedyo norwizi. Sunungukai kupinda kuzorwa hondo reFrance Marshal Ney, asi akakuvadzwa uye akabatwa musungwa. It chaipiwa kuna Napoleon somunhu Russian wemauto, uye mambo, uyo vayemura ushingi murume, akarayira kuti vadzoke nomunondo. Mugumo hondo, rinokunda kuti Russia, vakasangana zvinosuwisa, musungwa, asi akasunungurwa muna 1814 uye akaramba kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro Yababa.

A. A. Skalon (1767 - 1812)

The gamba pakati Hondo 1812, akanga achibva mhuri French kare, asi madzitateguru ake akanga refu kubva kuRussia, uye mamwe Yababa haana kuziva. Kwenguva refu akashanda chitarisiko, uye ipapo muna Semenov hondo.

Skalon pamusoro France akatanga uto chiito chete muna 1812, apo vemauto vakange husisipo, uye kusvikira nhasi mambo, achiziva pamidzi yake anofanira kubviswa Anton Antonovich kupindira muhondo pamwe France. Aiitawo Hondo Smolensk, uye kusvikira nhasi Major-General Wakapedzisira. Akaurayiwa, Skalon muviri akawira muvengi, asi pamwe nemauto inokudza akavigwa mujinga behest pamusoro Napoleon.

chaiyo magamba

Chokwadi, izvi hazvisi zvose magamba Hondo 1812. List akanaka uye vakadzikama vanhu vaigona mberi nokusingaperi. Uye pamusoro zvakapembererwa vanogona kuudza zvakawanda. The chikuru ndechokuti havasi kudemba chero simba rake kana utano, uye upenyu zhinji nokuda chikuru basa - kuhwina hondo. Zvinoshamisa chaizvo - kunzwisisa kuti kana chinhu magamba chaizvo havasi pamusoro mapeji ebhuku uye akaita nomwoyo wose namabasa chete nokuda Nyika Yababa kaiva. Uye hazvishamisi kuti munyika dziri zvivako kune magamba Hondo 1812. vanhu vakadaro vanoda kukudza uye yeuka, vanofanira kurarama muzvizvarwa. Kukudzwa nokubwinya!