Space uye cosmonauts

Paitonga Khrushchev muSoviet Union rakayeukwa kwete chete mikukutu uye kwakadaro dzimba, chibage uye nyungudika. Yakanga panguva Nikita Khrushchev akatanga nzvimbo maoko rudzi pakati nyika mbiri dzine nguva: Soviet Union neUnited States. Cosmonauts vanozivikanwa ose enyika yakabudirira nyika. Zvakanga ivo vaiva vokutanga muchadenga, kamwe pasingasvikirwi vanhu. Kurwira muchadenga zvava chinokosha tsika, pfungwa uye kwesayenzi yairwisana kunyika maviri, saka kudzidza pezvakasikwa kwakanga kwete chete nemauto uye chesayenzi, asiwo pasocial.

Munhu wokutanga kuva nzvimbo uye kutenderera kunoita nyika zuva rava pose kuzivikanwa nhasi Yu. A. Gagarin. Cosmonauts akanga akafanana yakakurumbira magamba Greek yakakura. Vakanga vakashinga, vakavimbika uye akashinga. Vakauya yakawanda nzeve, kwete muno chete, asiwo kumwe. mashoko avo vakapfuura pasi nomuromo uye kunounza kuratidzwa mune tsika. Somuenzaniso, pashure wokutanga ndege muchadenga, Yuri Gagarin akashanyira nyika dzinopfuura makumi matatu uye vakafamba kwazvo muSoviet Union. Hazvishamisi, nokuti chiso chake uye zita zvazova chiratidzo chaicho nomureza uye Soviet Union sezvo wokutanga nzvimbo superpower, mhosva aigarira ndege muchadenga. March 25, 1968, cosmonaut Soviet yakadonha mundege patinenge muzvirongwa. Zuva nezvorufu Colonel Gagarin akava National kuchema.

The cosmonauts vokutanga havana chete nevarume. June 16, 1963 vakapinda muchadenga uye mukadzi wokutanga - Valentina Tereshkova - chikepe "Vostok-6". The Soviet Union aida kuuya mbiri hadzi cosmonaut kupinda muchadenga, asi kuguma kusarudza yakawira chete Tereshkova mumwe. Kusarudzwa mukadzi wokutanga muchadenga akanga akatakurwa kunze oma sezvo varume. Vaifanira kupedza mazuva gumi ari voga mukamuri, kuti tirambe incredible mumuviri zadzisa uye yakakwirira tembiricha uyewo vanosangana parachuti kurovedza zvakakodzera. Zvinokosha kutaura kuti sarudzo Valentina Tereshkova vo vakawira, uye nemhaka yaro kwakabva dzekirasi: rwakabvepi nyore mhuri imwe anobatwa kirasi, ukuwo vamwe Vakwikwidzi vaibva mhuri dzevashandi.

Modern cosmonautics mu Russia ari nguva kurega kunotanga uye vakaderera Pakuurayiwa US nzvimbo chirongwa. Cosmonauts mugovanisi nguva nomukurumbira kupfuura vazvo Russian. Izvi nokuda rutapudzo of mari inenge yashandiswa ari muchadenga ubanguranyika munyika yedu. Muna 2009, kuti kukura cosmonautics mu Russia yakapera mabhiriyoni 2,8 chete. Dollars, ukuwo United States paakapiwa zvinoenderana nechipimo ichi mabhiriyoni 48,8. Dollars.

Anozivikanwa masayendisiti ari kusango astronautics, akadai Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Hermann Oberth uye Robert Goddard - chete nzvimbo magamba. Cosmonauts uye US muchadenga kunoongorora zviri kushanda Pop zvifananidzo, apo masayendisiti kukuru kukanganwika. Asi zvakanga Konstantin Tsiolkovsky kutanga zvinganaka kushandisa zvitundumuseremusere kuti nzvimbo kutiza, uye Hermann Oberth akatsanangura zviga nendege akadaro.

To musi, imwe asitironati kunogona anenge munhu wose. Space ushanyi ari kukura kusimba kutsanya. Uye kana kunyanya kuda kuona "yebhuruu bhora" pachavo regai kusiya musoro wako, unofanira kuwana utano hwakanaka, uye mamiriyoni 63 emadhora muhomwe yako.