Khmelnitsky (guta): mifananidzo, nzvimbo dzinofarira, vanhu. Nhoroondo yeguta racho

Khmelnitsky iguta reUkraine, nzvimbo inoputika, yakamira parwizi runonzi Southern Bug. Nenguva isipi iyi sarudzo ichapemberera makore 600. Zvinotendwa kuti munzvimbo idzi vanhu vakagara kubvira kare kare. Pasinei nekushushikana uye nhoroondo yehupfumi, Khmelnytsky iguta umo mune zvisizvo zvekare zvekare. Ndinofanira kuisanganisira iyo nzira yangu yekushanyirana, ndezvipi zvigumbuso uye zvinhu zvinofadza zvandinogona kuona pano?

Kutanga kwenhoroondo yeguta rinobwinya

Zvinoratidzika kuti munzvimbo yemazuva ano Khmelnytsky region vanhu vaigara nguva dzose. Munguva yezvakawanikwa zvekuchera matongo munharaunda iyi yakawanikwa misha yeScythian nguva - VII-III mazana emakore BC. E., Chernyakhiv tsika - III-V yemakore BC. E., pamwe chete nezvigadzirwa zvine chokuita nekutanga kwe Iron Age (yekutanga remakore BC). Apo chaizvoizvo guta remazuva ano rakavakwa, ndeyechokwadi hazvizivikanwi. Kugadziriswa kwezita rokuti Ploskirov kana Proskur kunotanga kutaurwa munhoroondo dzezvinyorwa zvine chokuita ne 1493. Kakawanda gare gare zita rezvino rokuti Khmelnitsky rakabuda. Guta rainzi Proskurov kwemazana emakore, kazhinji kunyange nhasi ndiro zita revakwegura varo. Pakutanga kwezana remakore re XV, iyi yekugadzirisa ndeyePoland. Panguva iyo iri pamhenderekedzo yakarurama yorwizi runhare yehuni inovakwa, umo mune vanhu vanenge 100 chete.

Hondo Yokuzvidzivirira uye Rusununguko

Nhare yakasimba yakapambwa kakawanda neTatars. Yakaitwa muProskurov uye mhirizhonga inotungamirirwa nePoles. Kubvira muna 1648 kusvika kune makore 1654. Hondo Yerusununguko yakaguma. Panguva iyoyo, vagari vese veguta, vachitungamirirwa neAaman Bogdan Khmelnitsky, vakashinga kurwira rusununguko rweguta. Muna 1672, hondo neveTurkey yakaguma, uye vashomanana vakapukunyuka kubva munharaunda yevanhu. Muna 1699 Proskurov inovazve guta rePoland uye mapurisa anotamira pano. Uye muna 1795 kugadzirisa chikamu cheRussia. Kwapera nguva yakati, Proskurov yakava pakati penyika yeProskurovsky Podolsky. Panguva ino, bhizimusi nemabhizimusi zviri kushingaira kuwedzera muguta. Kusvikira kusvika ka14 pagore kwaive nemabasa akanaka, muna 1870 chitima chakatangwa. Khmelnytsky iguta umo zvivako zvakawanda zvechic, zvakavakwa mumakore XIX-XX, zvakachengetedzwa. Yakanga iriwo munguva yeSoviet, muna 1954, iyo yakagamuchira guta uye zita rake rairo-mukukudza kweAaman Bogdan Khmelnitsky.

Khmelnitsky panguva yeWWII

Pakati peHondo yePamatritictic iyo guta rakatorwa nevaJalimane. Pano, musasa wevasungwa wakagadzwa, umo, maererano nekufungidzirwa kwekutanga kweongororo, vanenge 65 000 vanhu vakafa. Vagari vomunharaunda vanoedza kuti varege kuyeuka nguva dzinotyisa, asi, zvakadaro, iyi inhau yechokwadi yeguta. Khmelnitsky akatambudzika zvikuru panguva yekugara kweGermany. Vanhu vakawanda vemunharaunda vakafa, mapaki akaparadzana uye mazhinji emaguta ekufambisa akaparadzwa. Musasa wekumanikidza wakagara makore anenge matatu. Musi waMarch 25, 1944, guta rakasunungurwa kubva kune vakadzvinyirira neSoviet mauto eChina Ukrainian Front. Kudzoka kwerusununguko kwaingova danho rokutanga, nharaunda yakawanda (pamwe chete nenyika yose) yaida kupora kwenguva refu. Mushure mezvose, munguva yehondo, dzimba dzeimba, mahofisi ezvehupfumi uye ehurumende, pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha zvakaparadzwa.

Kubudirira kwechipiri kweguta rakasunungurwa

Mushure mekupera kwehondo, basa rinokosha raiva yekutangazve kwehupfumi hwenyika. Nenguva iyo vanhu vomunharaunda vakadzokera kune hupenyu hune rugare uye husina kubudirira, guta racho rinowedzera uye rinowanzovakwazve. Panguva imwecheteyo neimba itsva dzimba kune zvinhu zvakakura zvemaindasitiri. Aya ndiwo mafaira e transformer substations, thermoplastic automatic machines, redio engineering uye Traktorodetal. Panguva imwecheteyo, masangano matsva emasangano ari kuzarura, kunyanya Khmelnytsky National University. Panguva iyoyo Khmelnitsky - guta rinokuvimbisa, rave riri nzvimbo yezvinoshandiswa mune zvemabhizimusi, mune zvibhizimisi zvevose-Union kukosha basa. Muna 1991, vagari vakabatana vakabatsirana kuparidzirwa kwekusununguka kweUkraine.

Guta reKhmelnitsky: vanhu uye vanhu vakakurumbira vanoberekwa pano

Maererano nedhenda ra2006, guta racho raiva 8600 hectares, uye nhamba yevagari vayo yaiva 256 000 vanhu. Mamiriro evanhu vari munharaunda yacho akanaka - vanhu vari kuramba vachiwedzera, vanhu vanobva munharaunda vauya pano nokusingaperi, kuberekwa uye kufa kunowanikwa mukati mekugara. Maererano nedhenda ra2015, vanhu vomuguta racho vanhu 300 100. Vanhu vakawanda vakaberekerwa muguta, vanozivikanwa nokuda kwekukwanisa kwavo kubudirira mune zvakasiyana-siyana. Uyu muongorori wepfungwa, muzivi uye kereke anozivikanwa Vasily Zenkovsky, People's Artist we RSFSR Georgy Vereisky, anoshanda mubasa reUkraine revolution ye1917-1920. Kost Misevich, People's Artist of Ukraine Anatoly Molotai, mutungamiriri weOlimpiki muna 1976, Airemekedzwa Mutungamiriri wemitambo Sergei Nagorny nevamwe vakawanda.

Tsanangudzo uye mufananidzo weguta mumazuva edu

Nhasi Khmelnitsky iguta guru rakagadzirwa. Kune nzvimbo dzinenge makumi mapfumbamwe emabhizimisi, nzvimbo yekufambisa ndege, mbiri dzezvitima zvezvitima, nzvimbo huru yebhazi uye mabhii maviri emabhazi. Kune masangano akakwana ezvidzidzo zvepachikoro uye sekondari muguta, kunewo makunivhesiti gumi nemashanu, pamwe chete nevezvenyanzvi lyceums uye makoroji. Chii chinonzi guta reKhmelnitsky rinoratidzika nhasi? Mifananidzo yemigwagwa yaro unogona kuona munyaya yedu. Guta iri rakanaka uye rakachena. Kune nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekufamba, zvivakwa zvikuru zvekuvakwa kweSoviet zvakachengetedzwa, uye zvivako zvitsva zvinonakidza zvinoonekwawo.

Zvitsva zveKhmelnitsky

Nhoroondo yeguta iri izere nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, kazhinji kwete iyo inofadza zvikuru. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, hapasina zviitiko zvekare zvekare munharaunda ino. Vatashanyi vanogona kushanyira nhasi nhoroondo yemunharaunda nemasimusi emitambo. Kurwendo rweMedzhibozhskaya nhare, yakavakwa muzana remakore rechiXIV, yakakurumbira. Zvinotendwa kuti yakanga iri pano apo Bogdan Khmelnitsky akagara . Zviyeuchidzo zvinokosha uye zvemazuva ano: chete mufananidzo weUkraine yose Baron Munchausen, chivigiro kune avo vakaurayiwa munguva dzehondo dzomunharaunda uye maumbirwo akaumbwa nezvidimbu zvemukati misinendira SS-19. Kana zvichibvira, iva nechokwadi chekushanyira Khmelnitsky. Zviratidzo zveguta zvinonyanya kukoshesa paunoziva pakutanga uye zvinokuita kuti iwe ufunge nezvezvikamu zvakasiyana munhoroondo yekugadzirisa iyi uye nyika yose.

Mazano evashanyi

Kunyanya kuenda kuKhmelnitsky kubva kune imwe nyika hazviiti kunzwisisa. Asi vagari vemunzvimbo dzakapoteredza nzvimbo uye vatashanyi vanouya kwezororo rose muUkraine vanofara kupa nguva yekuziva guta iri rekare. Mubvunzo wakakurumbira pakati pevatangi vanofamba kwenguva yekutanga munharaunda iyi: "Ari kupi guta reKhmelnitsky?" Tsvaga hazvizove zvakaoma, sezvo iri mubvunzo wepakati penharaunda. Yakanyatsorongedzerwa kune vaifamba netsoka: 49 ° 25'35.9''N, 26 ° 58'53.22''E. Iwe unogona kutungamira paRwizi rweSouth Bug. Kana iwe uronga kuenda rwendo rwendo rako pachako-mumugwagwa uri kumirira zviratidzo. Iwe unogonawo kusvika ikoko ne ndege, chitima uye mabhazi anobva kune mamwe maguta eUkraine. MuKhmelnytsky, kune mahotera akakwana uye zvivako zvekudya, uye munzvimbo dziri pedyo neguta kune mitambo yemitambo uye dzimba dzokuzorora.