The yakakodzwa bison? Bialowieza bison: mapikicha, tsananguro

European bison - huru hoofed mhuka chokuita pfungwa worudzii nenzombe bison. Kana uchida kudzidza pamusoro mhuka zvakadzama, ipapo verenga nyaya mberi. Imomo uchadzidza kuti bison, tsanangudzo payo, tinonyora kubva zvizere. Uyezve, isu uchareva kwaanogara uye chii achidya.

Bison: tsananguro

mhuka inogona vanoyera kusvika rimwe tani, uye urefu - mamita matatu. Kureba wemhuka anenge mumwe mita kwakadaro. A pachena chinoratidza bison rakajeka disproportion pakati dzakabudirira zvakanaka kwazvo pamberi kupenya rwemberi chikamu muviri. Painting of European bison riri homogeneous, hunodzorwa shava bvudzi, angava yakatsvukuruka tint, musoro uye mutsipa akafukidzwa rakamonana ndebvu. Vanhukadzi ndivo duku. On musoro wake chirefu duku unopinza nyanga, akakotama zvishoma ura kune mumwe. Ichi chombo unokubvumira uvharidzire zvikara uye adzivirire ndima.

Bison, pikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya, rakaparadzwa rinenge zvachose 18-19 emakore, chete nokuda kwazvo basa masayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana anenge 60 rudzi munyika kuburikidza akasiyana siyana kuchengeteka matanho uye kutanga maberekero yavo. Pari zvino pane zvuru zviviri mhuka idzi.

The chikuru dzinogarisana the bison - rizere yakavhenganiswa dondo. Ndokusaka nokukurumidza kukura munda zvirimwa uye kuparadzwa, uyewo hombe kusingadzoreki yokuvhima nyama zvinokosha uye ganda emhuka idzi zvakakonzera kutsakatika kwemarudzi. European bison munguva yechando kubatanidzwa mune boka anoverengeka dhazeni mhuka. Muchirimo ivo aputse muzvikwata zvidiki, kazhinji vakadzi vanoramba nemhuru uye munhurume simba kurarama yoga upenyu.

Bison Bialowieza anogara kupi uye chii kudya?

Bialowieza bison - imwe mhando pano mhuka. A pachena kuchiitwa ichi mhando ndiyo makuru kukura uye yakajeka mavara ari grayish mashava Hue. Zita iri raiva nokuda bison dzinogarisana - Bialowieza Forest.

Zviri inozivikanwa mapani ayo makuru dondo akareba ane predominance nemiti akadai hornbeam, Linden, dota, nemiouki nezvimwe hardwoods. Bison inoomerera gore negore chete ndima iro rwizi runoyerera. Wetland mhuka chinonzvenga, sapamazuva anezvimiti Zvipembenene zvakawanda, zvaakanga ari kuedza kuwana kumativi, kunyange anoedza kudya panguva maawa pavanenge vasati kupepuka. Anouya idzi chete mumakore kunyanya akaoma okuguma mvura kuchengeterwa womuviri, kana nenzizi pamusoro munharaunda yayo dzinogarisana nokuomesa.

kurwisana

Muzhizha Pakunopera uye mukutanga mune mukadzi bison inotangira kupisa uye chirume anotanga tsika. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kurwa panguva bison havana hasha. Vanhurume vanorwa nyanga, uye kurukutika anoenda, Kumukundi asingadi kutevera akakundwa. Saka, kurwa izvi kashoma kuguma mukunyombwa zvakakomba. Hunhu kurwa anochinja zvinokosha, kana haarwi kuti munhukadzi mumwe womukomana, uye ndima.

Deer, Elk, uye dzimwe ungulates bison dzingirira dzinotyisa kunyanya kusvika fatalities. The muvengi chete vaRafa uyu bere rongedza, kunyanya munguva yechando nguva refu azvipire chando kana kufamba zvakaoma uye inoda yakawanda simba. Pasinei huru kukura uye chinopunyaira, asi bison kwazvo makasimba, yakaoma, anogona kusvetuka kusvika mamita maviri pakukwirira.

kubereka

Mushure fertilization, hadzi anotakura mwana 9 months kugumisa April uye May, ipapo zvokudya yakakwirira-mafuta mukaka gore 20% mafuta, uye rimwe gore vachiri vaduku. Full kuyaruka zvasvika makore matanhatu oupenyu. Kazhinji, Zubrenok rinowanika kamwe pamakore matatu. Paavhareji, makumi maviri nemanomwe bison mupenyu - makore makumi maviri nemasere.

Bialowieza bison dzava yechando uye chirimo nguva nemombe. Kunyange mukuru vechirume pamwechete mumapoka maduku uye akapotsa kumbobvira akawanikwa ari oga musango.

Winter akauya ...

The yakakodzwa bison muchando? In frosty zvinhu zvokudya nguva inorwara nemakwati namatavi broadleaved emiti, pomuouki, gakanje, dota nevamwe, uye mosses uye lichens, izvo mune masango yakavhenganiswa. Vazhinji pazuva bison avete mumasango, vanwe uye chikafu anopiwa maawa 2-3 risati zuva uye sunset, apo zvipembenene zvose vakarara. Dzimwe nguva ini kudya masikati.

Hazvina chirimo ...

The yakakodzwa bison muzhizha? In inopisa mwaka unorema kudyiwa vakasiyana manune uswa uye nhungirwa duku pamiti kuti kukura mudondo, uyewo omuti gomo dota, misipuresi uye elm, alder, dota uye nemiouki. muti kuhukura bison zvinodya zvishoma. All nekuti akanga aneta zvokudya mhando ichi muchando.

mumwe maonero

Belarusian bison mhando chizvarwa kuti masango neyamapani, wetlands dondo pamusoro alder, womuouki nemadota. Zviya, ichi ndicho chinhu yakakodzwa bison. Yakasvika zita raro nokuda dzinogarisana - the Belarusian uye Ukrainian Polesie. Anotsvaka hwemhuka kwakafanana pamwe European maonero. Belarusian vehurumende vane mundima Belarusian bison upenyu, akasarudza advertising zvose vanhu ane kupiwa marudzi.

Maererano masayendisiti, zvakare pedyo vayambuka vanhu pamusoro rudzi kutakurwa majini dzavo uye zvokukura abnormalities kukonzera kutsakatika. Resumption kwazvakaita yakatanga chokwadi kuti vakakwanisa kuwana dhazeni misoro mashomanana, saka yose vakawanda - ndomumwe mhuri huru. The chikuru basa masayendisiti artificially usaonane pakati kuvabereki pedyo nevanhu. Belarusian bison akanyorwa muna Red muBhuku Belarus, Russia, Poland uye dzimwe nyika dzaiumba Soviet Union, uyewo muna Red List of International Union kuti Conservation pakati Nature.

Wechitatu mhando

Caucasian bison - chete kwemarudzi vaigara munharaunda Mountains Caucasus, panguva imwe kukwira mashanu kusvika zviuru zvitatu metres pamusoro pegungwa. It dzinoratidzwa kwasviba rakamonana bvudzi, munhu ichiyevedza zvitarisiko uye hukuru. varume yairema kusvika makirogiramu matanhatu, uremu vakadzi - kusvika mana. subspecies ichi hachina hybridize kunomumwe mhando bison. Animal akanyangarika nokuda dzisingadzorwi okuvhimisa uye akavhiyiwa nemauto nharaunda dzinogarisana zvachose. Panguva iyoyo, pane imwe chemasanganiswa munhurume Caucasian nehadzi Bialowieza bison mhando, hazvina zvakasiyana zvikuru kubva nokutsakatika kwemarudzi.

Paakatyaira bison aifanira kuenda refu nzira kuchinja kugomo ezvinhu, kuti rwugare niche zvikuru tateguru yekare. Watemwa kuti nebani dondo pamusoro munharaunda yemakomo zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti rudzi urwu anenge ndakagara, pane famba kunotsvaka akanyarara mafuro chando shoma. dzechando utsinye munzvimbo gomo kutakura nerimwe gore, vanenge 7% of uwandu zvinangwa, kunyanya echando - kusvika 15-20%. The hadzi anobereka munhu, kashoma pups maviri maviri matatu ose. Vakuru pamusoro bison boka anochengetedza pakurwisa pamapere uye zvimwe zvinogoneka nezvikara. Mukutanga-maviri rokutanga remakore, nhamba yakasvika vanhu kwete anopfuura mazana matatu, zvishoma nezvishoma akava pachena kwakaderera dzokubereka kwaniso uye chidzoke zvirwere zvakawanda chokuita rutapudzo yokugara kusiyana kwemarudzi.

chinokosha Notice

Kuwanda chero mhando bison hakuiti pfuura vanhu zviuru zviviri, saka vanogona kurarama chete mune anodzivirirwa zvakanaka hunhu hwemunhu, izvo kuronga nzvimbo zvokudya bison kumanikidza uswa, mashanga, dyisa, zvirimwa nezvimwe zvirimwa zvaisanganisira yavo zvokudya. Kurambidzwa yokuvhimwa mhuka idzi uye avo mukova muna Red Book uye dzimwe nyika, uyewo kudzivirira dzakawanda kupa usingashandi mukana kuwedzera vanhu vadzo, uye mhando Kuchengetedzwa, asi kuti vabudirire chete ukuru ndokuwarira pamusoro nharaunda yakakura kushanda kune masayendisiti kwemakore akawanda.

mhedziso

Zvino munoziva kuti bison. Photos munyaya ino ichatibatsira hwakadzama Kutarira chikara ichi. Uyezve, zvatakurukura subspecies kuti mhuka uye chii yakakodzwa bison. The mhuka, sezvaungaona, rinonyanya anodya nemakwati emiti uye miriwo.