Tsanangudzo shoma. "Mutambo panguva yehosha": kurwisana kana kuteerera?

MuMiddle Ages uye gare gare, vanhu vakavhunduka nedenda rezvirwere iro rakakunda maguta uye nyika, nokuti pane nzira imwe chete yokutiza: kumhanyisa, kure uye kure. Chitendero chete, tsika dzayo uye rutendo zvingabatsira avo vakapona kukunda kutya kwekufa. Iyi tsanangudzo yemafungiro kune "denda", zvinyorwa zvishoma. Mutambo panguva yehosha, hakuna munhu akatya kuronga. Asi paiva nemifananidzo yakawanda ye "Kutonga kweRufu".

Boldinskaya muvhuvhu

Asati aroora mwanakomana wake, baba vake vakamupa musha weKistenovo, uye munyori wenhema akaenda kundotora nhaka. Kistenovo musha uri pedyo neBoldino. Akangotarisa mwedzi, uye akazononoka nematatu nekuda kwehosha yekororera yakasvika kuMoscow. Pushkin inonzi iyo denda nokuda kwake. Iwe haugone kusvika kuMoscow - pedyo nekumiswa kwega. Munyori wenyika ari kushanda zvakanaka, asi ane hanya nezvehama neshamwari dzakasara mu "denda" kuMoscow. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mudetembi anoita shanduro kwaari kubva kuChirungu "Dambudziko Town", yakatsaurirwa denda rakawira muLondon muna 1666, uye, nokufungisisa zvakare zviri mukati, akanyora basa rake rekutanga "Mutambo panguva yeArague," muchidimbu muchidimbu icho chava kunyorwa zvino.

Panzira. Pasi petafura yakagadzirirwa

Munzvimbo dzaitambudzwa kwaiva nevarume chete. Kuunganidza kwavo mumugwagwa shure kwetafura yakafukidzwa inotsanangura Pushkin. Iboka revechidiki rinomutsa magirasi muchiyeuchidzo cheJareeon merry, uyo mazuva maviri akapfuura akabudisa hurukuro yavose nejokes uye zvemashiripiti. Iye zvino chigaro chake hachina chinhu - haana kuponeswa nedenda. Sachigaro anopa Maria kuti aimbire chimwe chinhu chinosuruvarisa. Anoridza rwiyo rweveveve pamusoro penzvimbo dzaimbova nemaruva, uko iye zvino pane maguva chete. Havasi ivo vasina chinhu uye vanogara vachizadzwa. Uye kana rufu rwemuimbi ruchireva, anokumbira mudiwa wake kuti amutore ari kure uye abve munzvimbo idzi kusvikira utachiona husati hwapera. Uye chete ipapo shanyira madota emusikana akafa. Sachigaro anotaura kuonga kwaMeri kuimba iyi pamusoro penzvimbo dzaro dzekuzvarwa, iyo yakamboshanyira denda uye apo masvingo anonyadzisa akanzwika. Louise anopinda muhurukuro. Anopesana nenziyo dzakabvaruka. Asi panguva ino ngoro, yakatakura zvitunha, inopfuura navo. Louise anowira mukunze. Maria anomutora kuupenyu, uye Louise anonyunyuta kuti akafunga kuti vakafa vanomuidza. Ipapo Louise anotsanangura kuti makotori aya nevakafa vane kodzero yekufamba kwose kwose, uye kukumbira Sachigaro Walsingham kuimba rwiyo rwechisimba rinofanira kuonekwa pamusoro pembiya inopisa. Iyi ndiyo kutanga kwe nyaya, iyo Pushkin inotaura, zvishoma zvayo. Mutambo unoenderera mberi panguva iyo denda.

Rwiyo rweWalsingham

Mutungamiri akatanga kutora nhetembo usiku huno uye akaumba rwiyo rweChumet. Mune inzwi rinopenya, anoimba nekufuridzirwa. Mitsara yenziyo iyi muRussia inonongedzwa nokuda kwezvinyorwa. Vakawanda havatombozivi kuti vanotora mashoko aya. Tinoziva Pushkin pasina kuverenga, asi zvingava zvakanaka kuverenga nekufunga, nekufunga. Asi chinangwa chazvo ndechekutevera. Apo nguva yechando inouya, munhu wese anovanza mudzimba dzinodziya kuti atungidza moto uye achiseka nemitambo yakatsva. Uye zvino mumafasitirini ose Tsarina anotyisa ari kugogodza - denda. Nzira yokutiza nayo? Hongu, uyewo kubva kuZima, - zvivhare iwe pachako, svhenekera mwenje, tira magirazi uye utange kudya, kuronga mabhora. Mukurwisana uye pamucheto wegomba rakadzikadzika, kune chisingaoneki ecstasy. Saka paunosangana nedenda, iro rinotyisa rufu nerufu, kune mufaro unoshamisa - nemoyo unonhuwa kuona kuti ndiani anokunda. Uye naizvozvo tinorumbidza Dambudziko - hatinotyi rima reguva uye tinonyatsozadza magirazi uye mutambo. Ushingi hwakakanganiswa nekutya, iyo inofanirwa kukundwa, ndiyo zvinoreva rwiyo rweWalsingama, rudimbu rwayo. Mabiko panguva yehosha ndeyekurwisana uye kusagadzikana kusinganisa zvachose dambudziko rehupenyu.

Kuonekwa kwemupristi

Mupristi pakarepo, pasina preludes uye matauriro, anotanga ne kutuka kwevanhu vagere patafura. Anoti ivo havatendi kuna Mwari uye nziyo dzavo dzinoseka, kunyadzisa uye kuseka pamusoro pekufa nekuchema kwemuvariro. "Ndinovenga," anoenderera mberi, "kushingairira kwako." Nyika iri kuzununguka kubva mumhanzi yako pamusoro pemakuva evakafa, uye havaregi vanhu vekare nevakadzi vachizvipa ivo vachichema pamusoro pevaya vakavigwa. "Madhimoni akagara mukati mako, zvisingaiti, ndokukukwezva iwe kunzvimbo yavo." Izvozvo ndizvo zvakaparidzirwa kuparidza kwemufundisi weboka revechidiki, zvinyorwa zvaro zvishoma. Mutambo panguva yehosha ndeyekumhura kusingakweretesi kune kunzwisisa kana tsanangudzo. Asi wechiduku haasi kunyara kunyara. Vanongoratidzira kuti aende. Asi muprista akaparara, sepa pulpiti, aisagona kumiswa. Anoenderera mberi. Anonyengetera, achiyeuchidza ropa rakadeurwa raKristu, kuenda kumba kune vose, kugumisa mabiko aya akaipa. Sachigaro anomubvunza. Anoti munhu wose ane shungu uye kushungurudzika mudzimba dzavo, uye vechiduku vanoda rufaro. Muprista, achitarisa pahurukuro, anobvunza kuti: "Ndiwe iwe here, Walsingham, iwe iwe wakachema chitunha chaamai vako uye hauna kukwanisa kubvisa kubva paguva rake? Iwe unofunga kuti haaoni zvose izvi kubva kudenga uye haazi kuchema nokuti haunzwi kunzwa mashoko matsvene? "Asi Walsingam akaramba zvakanyanya. Anotsanangura kuora mwoyo kwake pakuona imba isina chinhu. "Asi chete," anodaro, "mukombe wakakwana uchazununguka uye kunokanganisa kuziva kwekusurukirwa." "Rega maitiro angu ave asingabvumirwe nemutemo, asi ini ndichagara pamutambo uye kutuka uyo anobva pano." Uye newe, iwe mutana, enda, iwe hauna nzvimbo pano. " Asi muprista anoedza kutsamwisa maronda ake omudzimu, achiyeuchidza nezveaanoda, asi mudzimai akafa. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo Pushkin inotsanangura mutambo panguva yehosha. Nhepfenyuro yakaderedzwa kukunda kutya kwekufa munzira nhatu. Yokutanga munyengetero uye kuzvininipisa, wechipiri kukanganwa, uye chechitatu chinyorwa chaWalsingham sekusagadzikana kwemweya womunhu mukati mekutarisana nemiedzo inotyisa yekupedzisira.

Mhedziso

Nzvimbo yeWalsingham inowanikwa pedyo nePushkin. Walsingam, anoteerera kumuprista, pane imwe nguva anozeza, kunyanya apo akayeuchidzwa mudzimai wake, waaida zvikuru. Asi yakatorwa nehosha yakaipa. Walsingham achiripo. Pushkin inopa mhinduro, kupedzisa nhoroondo: sachigaro ainyanya kufungidzira mukufungisisa. Ichi ndicho chidimbu che nyaya "Mabiko panguva yehosha" yaAlexander Pushkin.