Types uye mhando urovha

Urovha chinhu chisingadzivisiki shamwari pamusika upfumi uye chero nyika. Pamwe mitengo, ndicho chinhu chinokosha mukuderedza mararamire vemo. Chii chinoita izvi?

Urovha anonzi kwekanguva kwemabasa ose akagwinya vemo. It chinovapo mumamiriro ezvinhu umo wedzerai basa nokuda kwechikonzero chipi nechipi akapfuudza kudiwa payo. The chikonzero chingava ari kudzikira, kana akaderedza kugadzirwa mavhoriyamu uye akasunungura zviuru vashandi, mazuvaano okuwana, umo michina mitsva huchitangwa zvinoda zvishoma dzevanhu zviwanikwa, uye zvakawanda. Zvakasiyana siyana kwemabasa kukonzerwa zvakasiyana zvikonzero.

Urovha idambudziko chakakomba kuti upfumi. Kana zvayo duku pamwero inobatsira sezvo kuchengeterwa nekukura mukurima mavhoriyamu, inonyanya kukura harisi chete underproduction pamusoro GDP, asiwo magariro uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwe enyika kusvikira shanduko simba.

Vanhuwo vagari, urovha kuchiri nechinetso chakakomba. Murume akarasikirwa nebasa, nezvematambudziko akaoma zvakakomba mune zvemari uye tsika mazwi. Mukuwedzera mumuviri constraints uye yetsika mupenyu, anosangana kunetseka kwazvo, anonzwa kukandwa kunze upenyu, kudzivirirwa. Nokuzviremekedza pamusoro vasingashandi akadonha hasha, kunyanya kana ukaona munhu mutsva basa haana kubudirira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, involuntary urovha kunotungamirira kuti kudzikisirana wacho, kukuvadza munhu kuti udhakwa uye kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka. Somugumisiro, asiwo zvikuru munzanga dambudziko.

Nezvoupfumi kusiyanisa zvinotevera chikuru siyana urovha:

Structural urovha. Rinobatanidzwa ne pakatanga michina mitsva, mazuvaano okuwana, uye nhamba uye zvinodiwa kuti basa Matura akaramba akaongororwa. Kazhinji, chikamu basa riri pasi kudzingwa, uye vamwe - kudzidzisazve.

Frictional urovha. Izvi wechisikigo muitiro kufamba vashandi pakati emakambani, maindasitiri uye maguta. Somugumisiro, kuwana basa idzva chipi chikamu rwekuita vakawanda anogara kwenguva akabatikana, inova dzinongoitika muitiro. mhando izvi kwemabasa (STRUCTURAL uye kukweshera) hakudzivisiki uye dzinongoitika vari pamusika upfumi.

Cyclic. Kwakakonzerwa kuwa muna kudiwa zvinhu uye mabasa uye, naizvozvo, zvinoderedza kushanda dzawo maindasitiri. Izvi kuderera mukurima iri munguva zvoupfumi.

Pamwaka. Chokuita zvakasiyana inogadzirwa eThe napamitambo siyana, maitiro zvikurukuru pakuvaka uye zvokurima maindasitiri.

Yakavanzwa urovha. Dzinoratidzwa kunyanya Russian upfumi. Ndechokuti mumamiriro ezvinhu kudonha kugadzirwa zvebhizimisi panzvimbo aendesa vashandi "mamwe" kuvatuma pamusoro vasingabhadharwi pazororo, kushandura kupinda akaderedza nguva. Pamutemo, vanhu ava havana kuva dzisina basa, asi chaizvoizvo zvose nezviratidzo kwemabasa.

Kumwe kwemabasa vari kana kusatonzwa chokuita munhu munhu, chake chokushanda. Sezvaunoziva, mamiriro vanhu vasingashandi pazera achishanda ane usimbe kwenguva pfupi, achishingaira kutsvaka basa uye vakagadzirira kutanga kushanda pakarepo. The havashande inofanira kuverengwa iri rinokosha nzvimbo basa uye havafaniri kusiya aronga basa ikoko, kana yakafanana zvinodiwa zvavo.

Panguva iyo pane stratum kuti mabasa anobatwa zera vemo, vane nhengo usatarise basa.

Long-rokuti urovha. Zviri kwese kuti Economy Dzinochinja, kunotungamirira pokumbononotswa kutsvaka zvakakodzera basa rikurumidze. Vanhu vari zvachose kunotsvaka basa, nezano kuwana basa uye nekuzadzisa muchikwata che "kutsvaka kusingaperi." Kunosanganisirawo vamiririri dzapasi strata munzanga, izvo nokuda kwokushayiwa dzidzo uye kurovedza yakananga kuwana basa rakaoma chaizvo.

Kwokuzvidira urovha. Vamwe contingent vanhu vanoramba chero basa mhando, uye, chaizvoizvo, haagoni kunzi rovha. Ava ndivo vanhu vane kunobva mari muchimiro Somuenzaniso, rendi kana mubereko pamusoro deposits uye haadi kushanda kubva zvoupfumi pfungwa maonero. Paro zvingasanganisira epamba, vakabatikana kurera mhuri uye regai kuronga kugamuchira yakazvimirira mari.

Pane kumwe kwemabasa - romunharaunda, vechidiki, etc ...