Udokan: tsananguro

Udokan muna Russia ndiyo imwe makurusa. Maererano nenyanzvi, kutanga zvinofanira apedzera inopfuura $ 1 bhiriyoni.

Udokan: tsananguro

Pool riri kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva Chita, 650? Km kubva muguta. , считается сейсмически опасной с зоной многолетней мерзлоты. The nzvimbo apo Udokan anonzi nzvimbo ine seismically nengozi pamwe permafrost. Average tembiricha pagore riri -4 wakaporesa., Uye ipfupi kusvika -50 muchando. Permafrost chinopinda kuti kudzika 800 m. On munharaunda kazhinji kuchengetwa avalanches. Kubatira kudengenyeka amplitude anosvika 9-10. Matombo kusiyaniswa simba mukuru, abrasion, chafariz conductivity, silikoopasnostyu. Kazhinji, ari Geological uye okunze mundima haagoni kunzi zvakanaka. Uyezve, hapana zvachose hapana kwezvivako.

Izvozvo mined mu Udokan dhipoziti?

Dziva ndiko zvinokosha uye kutsvakwa yakatsvuka zvinhu indasitiri. Total vhoriyamu nepakati wemari ndiye 20 Mill. T. With paavhareji yayo yemhangura tigutsikane ari mhangura kuti 1,46%, uye 11.9 zviuru. T. Of sirivha. The chicherwa Zvinoumba ores ane chaizvo kakawanda. является источником халькозина, халькопирита, борнита, магнетита, пирита, гематита. Udokan mhangura itsime chalcocite, chalcopyrite, bornite, magnetite, pyrite, hematite. Muchimiro molybdenite zvicherwa tsvina akawanikwa pano Waller, pyrrhotite, vittihenit, marcasite, polidimit, sphalerite, chizvarwa sirivha, cobaltite, tennantite Strohmeyer, molybdenite. The chikuru ores vanenge 65% hwemhangura inowira chalcocite, 20-25% - panguva bornite, 10-15% - mu chalcopyrite. The yechipiri zvicherwa dzinosanganisira:

1. Yakapararira - azurite, malachite, gypsum, chalcocite, covellite, hydroxides simbi (limonite, goethite).
2. Ishoma - bornite, cuprite, sezvinoreva, chizvarwa mhangura, chalcanthite, Delafosse, chrysocolla, antlerite, brochantite, melanterite, jarosite nezvimwe dzinoita oisleniya mapazi.

nhatu huru chicherwa sangano umire ores rwedziva: bornite, chalcocite, chalcopyrite, bornite uye pyrite-chalcopyrite. In paragenetic ukama zvesimbi nemhangura zvicherwa yaunopota muenzaniso dzakaonekwa. Chalcocite uye bornite chokuita magnetite uye chalcopyrite - pyrite. Rakajairika ores zvinosanganisira bornite-chalcocite. matombo ava chiedza ndachena, nemicheka-grained, zvinganaka slaboizvestkovistymi quartzitic sandstone. Ishoma vari murima pfumbu siltstone, kusanganisira yakanaka disseminations ose bornite uye chalcocite. Kazhinji pakati orudnelyh grained sandstone ine vashoma dzakafanana akaturikidzana sulfides padzakacherechedza lenticular muviri akaturikidzana uye matendere diki svikiro sand, iro simba kusvika 1.5 m, pamwe dzine akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya mineralization, kusanganisira asi chalcocite uye bornite, 50% magnetite.

kutanga

) было открыто в 1949 г., геологоразведочные мероприятия, однако, дважды начинались и сворачивались. Udokan (Trans-Baikal Territory) yakavhurwa 1949, ubanguranyika uye yokunyatsoongorora zvinhu, zvisinei, akatanga uye kaviri mheto. Muna 1981, reserves acho akatenderwa neHurumende Commission. Chete muna 1992 hurumende yakasarudza kutengesa rezinesi kuti ubanguranyika uye kukura bheseni. The mumakwikwi akunda zvishoma-anozivikanwa panguva "Udokan kambani." Zvaaiva nazvo makambani akawanda yokumwe. Kwemakore 7 kambani yave wakaderera uye pakupedzisira vakarasika kwayo rezinesi. Muna 1999 chakaitirwa mumwe makwikwi, iyo vakapinda chete mumhuri mabhizimisi. The Rezinesi uchida kudziongorora uye yokunyatsoongorora zvinhu zviri makwikwi akaenda "Trans-Baikal Mining Company". Muna 2001, nyoro yakaziviswa nokuda kukura bheseni. Izvi anogadza zvikuru kuzviomesera mamiriro ezvinhu vechikamu. The weNobel aifanira kuva paya pane makore matatu kubva musi okutambirwa rezinesi kutanga kuvaka imwe chirimwa mugodhi. Muchiitiko chino, hapana paya pane makore 6,5 - kutanga kugadzirwa. Uye mumakore manomwe zvangu zvakanga kusvika zvizere chinzvimbo. Sezvo mamwe zvinodiwa vakanga basa rokuita upfumi mumagakava. kwemauto, ndinosika mabasa matsva uye nechokwadi kunonyanyisa kwezvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka zvavakanga vachida kuita. Panguva iyoyowo, nyanzvi cherechedza, kwakadaro pamwero mukuru chirongwa aigona kubhadhara pacharo mukati mumakore 10.

Kuvakwa nemakwikwi

Kurwa nokuti Udokan yakatora kwemakore akawanda. Pakati Vakwikwidzi zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana Makambani makuru. Pakati pavo: MMC "Norilsk nickel", akabata "Basic Element", boka "Onexim". Naizvozvo, vakanga akaramba kupinda. Munyaya yokupedzisira, yakaitirwa September 2009, vaiva JSC "Russian Railways" uye "Mikhailovsky GOK". Chikamu chokupedzisira boka "Metalloinvest" uye akunda makwikwi. Nokuti rezinesi weNobel akapa mabhiriyoni 15 rubles. Sezvo chikamu kwe "Mikhailovsky GOK" akanga asarudzirwa somunhu opareta pa Udokan. kambani iyi yakaumbwa zvakananga kuti chirongwa. Chekambani Mishoni kutanga nzira okukura, dzichipa hwokugadzira uye chirongwa mapepa, Kukwezva upfumi, kugadzira operative utariri. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti mushandirapamwe kushanda pamwe nehurumende dzesangano "Technologies Russian". Sezvo zvakanga yakasainwa chibvumirano pamusoro pamwe uye kuvakwa pamwe kwavanoita.

International chechetere

обратили внимание многие зарубежные предприятия. On Udokan akaona dzimwe mabhizimisi akawanda. Saka, upfumi kushanda ari bheseni rwukasimbiswa nevamiririri venyika Bateman Engineering NV. kambani iyi anoita kuenzaniswa kuongorora unyanzvi uye kururamiswa pamusoro muzvigadzirwa vanoronga kuumba chirongwa pakuchera uye metallurgia kunzwisisa. It vakatotanga yezvokutengeserana nemiedzo esimbi bheseni. Zvakabuda zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kuti vaunze wokuwedzera Database rokunyora hwokugadzira uye upfumi kukarukureta. Zvichakadaro, mumwe nzvimbo pachake hushande kare yakarira. – автоклавное выщелачивание концентрата. Unyanzvi pakati Bateman Engineering NV akapa rakasiyana michina kuti kubudiswa ores Udokan - nevezera leaching of Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe. Nzira iyi haina kushandiswa mudzimba simbi. With nzira iyi, iyo inotungamirwa furnace gasi panobviswa chose uye substantially kuderedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza mutoro.

tarisiro

Inenge panguva imwe chete pakutanga Bateman Engineering NV, akatanga basa iri kufarirwa reserves maererano dzakawanda JORC nemitemo. Izvi zvichaita kuwedzera mari Kukwezva pakati bheseni. Udokan yakataurwa gomba rakashama. Zvinofungirwa kuti zvichaita pagore kubata matani mamiriyoni 36. Mboroma. Sangana, zvichaita kubereka vanopfuura zviuru 470. T. Cathodes, panguva imwe chete achibvisa anopfuura 270 m. Silver.

mhangura miviri

Vane zvakaoma lenticular uye tabular deposits, dzakaoma configuration yavo. Kazhinji vanenge foliated uye akaisa the echelon. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kune zvimwe zvinokosha muviri ari chinhambwe 2-3? Km achitevedza tizvidzime. The weupombwe uye rakapfuma vavo riri kuchamhembe chikamu Naminginskoy brahisinklinarii. Vari dzinoratidzwa vakawanda kuderera kumadokero. In kumaodzanyemba pane chinokosha zvinoderedza simba esimbi kwemiviri.

mamiriro

The womukati Murongerwo iri pakutsvaga dzekuno kuchinja uye kakawanda alternation pamusoro akaturikidzana dzakasiyana kuchinyanya orudnenija zvose wavanozvisunga uye Dip kana simba mirayiridzo. Nezvenyaya iyi, vari akapa se "rukoko keke". It inodaro kakawanda kutyora tsindirana muviri, kunyanya pachiuno. Izvi imhaka pamberi asingabereki akaturikidzana. It runoratidzwa kuchinja mhangura nhamba 1 kusvika 0.2. The evaMedhia pamusoro 0.6-0.8. Power uye asingabereki slaborudenelyh akaturikidzana zvinosiyana zvikamu ane mita 5 metres. Rinowanikwa kuti vakapfuma mhangura interlayers uye izvo hukawanika vari kuvharirwa kwevhu, pane imwe dzegirini rusloobraznyh omunharaunda uye dzegirini. In allocating tonkovpletennyh mhangura mu Goldstone sandstones mitemo zvikuru yakajeka haana dzakaonekwa. Contours maindasitiri hunhu orudnenija akatsunga maererano munhu akaidza.

Huru zvinogadzirwa

Sezvazvakanyorwa achaita se cathode mhangura (Grade A London Metal Exchange) uye Doré sirivha Gráfica. vatengi kiyi Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe ndiwo China mudzimba mabhizimisi. ReRussia nomurwizi mhangura kubudiswa zvinomera zviri kare kusangana kushayikwa mbishi zvinhu. Deficiency pfungwa uye DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA kuvandudzwa Chinese emakambani kuita rakanatswa mhangura. Nokuda daro zviduku kubva Chita, dziva navo zvinhu rakanyatsojeka zvakanaka pachake mbishi zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki. Mumakore akatevera, zviri kutarisirwa kuwedzera kudiwa Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe. Izvi imhaka nokuwedzera Vhoriyamu aruminiyamu kugadzirwa kuJapan, Russia uye China.

mhedziso

Zviremera Transbaikalia ndinogadza Udokan pakukura chirongwa tariro. Mudanga kushanda zvebhizimisi kuchaita kuti uwane 4 th. People. Uyewo, upgraded kwezvivako zvichaita yekudyidzana kuwedzera uwandu kubhadhara kuna remunharaunda bhajeti, chinozoiswa zvemagariro zvirongwa kukura duku madzinza uye nemakanzuru ounyanzvi. Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, hazvibviri kumbosendeka kukura dzesango, nokuti zvinogona kukanganisa upfumi kuchengeteka munyika. Pari kudiwa mbishi zvinhu nokufukidzwa bheseni pakati Urals uye Taimyr. Zvisinei, padanda ravo vari vava kuda vaneta. Udokan kukwanisa kupa indasitiri zvinodiwa kweinenge hafu yezana remakore. Zvikasadaro pane mukana kugadzirwa maronda. Izviwo, achaita kuparara socio-upfumi ezvinhu munzvimbo mhangura nomurwizi munyika.