Vatanhi pamuShuramiti: kuzvidzora nzira

Mazambiringa kubatwa siyana kwemabhakitiriya, nemavhairasi uye fungal zvirwere. Uyezve, zviri damage zvipukanana siyana. Avhareji yegore negore kurasikirwa pakukohwa mazambiringa nokuda zvirwere uye tupukanana nokufumura vanenge 30%, ukuwo yakaderera-unhu kana kukurumidza kuita anodiwa unodzivirira matanho - uye anopfuura 40-50%. Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro tupembenene zvakadai mites.

Grape akanzwa tick chishambwe: Vhuṱanzi

On vatanhi miti inogona parasitize kusvika 70 dzakasiyana-siyana pamuShuramiti marudzi, asi vakawanda izvi ramazambiringa chishambwe. Akashama ziso kunodokuva kusingabviri kunzwisisa. Felt mazambiringa chishambwe chishambwe zvinoreva mumwe vamiririri eriofoidnyh mana makumbo marefu zvikwekwe. Rinogona kuwanikwa anenge kwose kwose anorimwa mazambiringa. Anorarama kunyanya pamusoro mashizha, dzinenge - pamusoro Inflorescence.

Morphology

vakura hadzi muviri wormlike cylindrical chimiro. Color - samafuta chena kana yellowish. Length - 0,17-0,21 mm. Male zvishoma zvishoma - 0,14 mm. Nhovo mu chipembenene mativi dzakawanda longitudinal mitsetse. Seri pemapuranga, pane bristles shoma. On mudumbu mune zvindori zhinji pamwe nemaziso yakatesvera panyanga dzacho.

bhayoroji

Dzinorara kwenguva refu mukadzi yokuvanda mu crevices cortex pasi chipande chikero, mune mashizha vafa. Mune imwe itsvo dzimwe nguva kuva zvakananga pamusoro 1000 mites. Muchirimo, kana nhungirwa Blooming kunotanga, ivo vapinda basa uye tama. Tupukanana dzinoparadzirwa mhepo, shiri nezvipembenene.

The nhungirwa kukura Nguva mites vari kutamira kune yotunga mashizha, vachabatana navo kubva pasi divi uye kutanga kushingaira dzichifura. Zvinhu aripo nemate womuzambiringa chipembenene, kukonzera kushingaira sero nokupesana uye deformation pamusoro mashizha tishu. Nokupesvedzera makemikari, iyo inosimbisa gupa, kupfuura tichishingaira nzvimbo simba pamusoro mashizha kuonekwa concave denderedzwa zvikamu, akafukidza chena batana akanzwa rukoko. Saizvozvowo, napachivivo chokumusoro divi jira inogona kuchengetwa convexity.

At vakawanda kubereka kuti mazambiringa pamuShuramiti kunokanganisa mugove chinokosha nemashizha ari mugwenzi, izvo kushandura ruvara uye vave tsvuku-mashava. shizha kukura akashatirwa, photosynthesis ipfupi, vamwe vavo hunooma uye akafa, pamwechete kukura muzambiringa gwenzi rose hwakaipa. Kana chipembenene kunokanganisa nhungirwa, petals chisimbiso, vanotanga redden uye peel they and and kure.

Dai vatanhi vamazambiringa mites haanamati chinoshingaira kurwisa, izvozvo zvingaita kuti simba zvinoderedza goho. Ipa kupfuura zvakanaka vatanhi mhando husingakwanisi akanzwa pamuShuramiti.

Ratidza nemucherechedzo wetiki pane mazambiringa: kuzvidzora matanho

Kana 1 kana 2 shizha matendere mites vasabatwa chikwata chinogona nyore zvakabatanidzwa chamazuva uye wemizambiringa. Kukurirwa kwakaita vakawanda mashizha pasina Vanosarudzwa uye kushingaira kurwisa tupukanana izvi hazvigoni kuita. Hazvina Zvakakodzera kutanha zvose sei mazambiringa mashizha, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukonzera zvikuru kuvadza gwenzi pane ayo chikonzero mites.

Mano winegrowers kazhinji vanoedza muhondo tupukanana vachishandisa zvakadai yezvisikwa munowanika Bordeaux nezvakavhenganiswa, asi migumisiro matanho akadaro razero, nokuti fungicide kuti unogona kurarama zvakanaka chete pamwe nezvirwere zvinomera.

Zvakadini kana kwakange tick pamusoro mazambiringa? Matanho kurwisa mune zvinotevera:

• Mushure matsutso shizha kuwa musoro, maoko uye mizambiringa gwenzi ose vanofanira kunyatsoongorora kusasa 5% madota muto. Kana izvi hazvina kuitwa mumatsutso nguva, tsime, pamberi maruva kwemasikati, wemizambiringa sprayed pamwe 7% emulsion karboleniuma.
• chitubu Early kusvikira nhungirwa yatumbuka, yakanaka mugumisiro anogona kupa spraying mhinduro "DNOC."
• Kana mabukira yakasvika 5 cm zvinokwanisika kushandisa mudziyo kubva ngura pamuShuramiti sezvo colloidal nesarufa.
• In zvinoitirwawo vakawanda yaizotangira Zvikwekwe (vanopfuura 5 vanhu por 1 jira) muzhizha chipembenene achidzora rinoitwa insectoacaricide uye acaricide.
• The zvinomera nguva vairwisana ngura pamuShuramiti kunogona kuitwa nokushandisa "phosphamide" "phosalone" "Pliktrana" "Omayta" "Talstara" "Mitaka", "Apollo", "Ortus" and said.

In pakurapa muzambiringa mashizha vanofanira kunzi kwechinguva. The mushonga inofanira kushandiswa chete pasi mashizha. Izvi zvinoitwa sezvinotevera: kuva kamwene atomizer papi nenguva panyika, uye zvishoma nezvishoma amutsa nokubata romukati chikamu kutapukirwa mashizha. The chete nzira kuenda udyi. Patinoita kugadzira kubva kumusoro isashande. About matambudziko ari pfapfaidzo anogona ichizotongwa kusavapo maronda itsva pamusoro mashizha. Dzimwe nguva akabata imwe kurapwa zvakakwana, asi, sezvo murume mutemo, waida 2-3 kuti rakaparadzwa zvachose achishandisa chishambwe iri mazambiringa mashizha.

Mugore chinyakare mabhuku rakarumbidza organophosphorus kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Zvisinei, vakawanda mazambiringa mites kuti makemikari boka akatotanga dzakabudirira kutapata. Kana iwe kuwedzera dose, zvakaipa kuti zvinomera uye zvirimwa dzinodyiwa.
A akanaka nzira iri chinodhaka "Envidor" yakavakirwa spirodiclofen. Hazvina sezvo chepfu nevanhu uye nokudaro unoshanda zvakakwana pamusoro zvikwekwe.
Uyezve, unogona kushandisa zvinodhaka avermectin boka, kunyanya kana kusiya kunokohwa hapana kupfuura mazuva 20-30.

Agricultural miitiro muhondo

Kana chirimwa akazviratidza pamuShuramiti akanzwa mazambiringa, kuzvidzora matanho anofanira kutevedzerwa uye agronomic: nenguva Kubvisa mizambiringa uye kubvisa mashizha okuberekwa, vakachenesa hunde dzacho maoko kubva kare kuhukura.

Mazambiringa dandemutande mites

Ichi yemazambiringa pamuShuramiti ndiyo ngozi kupfuura chishambwe, nekuti kana zvichiratidzika pane nokukurumidza shizha rufu. It rinopedza pasi parutivi jira, izvozvo punctures ganda uye sucks muto. Chokutanga, ari ponji nzvimbo kuzviratidza tsvuku makwapa, izvo kukura uye coalesce kupinda guru makwapa akasvibirika. On yokumusoro divi jira anova yero kana Brown - zvichienderana mazambiringa-siyana. With uremu kugarwa zviri gupa pakutanga July, mashizha zvishoma nezvishoma vanotanga kufa, izvo chinobata zvikuru zvibereko.

Spider pamuShuramiti zvakabviswa nemate, iyo ichichinja nhete web. Mariri ndiyo mazai zvakachengeterwa nhunzvi, uye vechiduku mazana. Tupukanana overwinter pasi omuti kwemakore akawanda mazambiringa dzisimbe. Mazai uye zvokudya ivo kutanga chipande kumbozorora. Spider mites muwande massively uye nokukurumidza. Mumwe mukadzi kwemazuva 10 anogona kumbosiyiwa kusvika mazai 100. In akanakira chipembenene ekunze anogona kuva anosvika 7 kana 8 zvizvarwa muzana yaikura mwaka.

Nokuda diki kukura uye kurema gupa inogona kuendeswa nemhepo. Chipembenene kudzora nokuda runodzivirira Web zvakaoma chaizvo. Uyezve, zvakavaomera kubudiswa mazambiringa nokuda mites pamusoro underside pakati mashizha.

Nzira kurwisa dandemutande mites

Nzira okutambura vakafanana kuna akanzwa-pamuShuramiti, asi vanoda kakawanda zvikamu spraying. Uyezve, haisi varumbidzwa kudyara pedyo mazambiringa decoration maruva, nokuti kazhinji kugadzirisa dandemutande mites kuti chokwadi kupfuura pamuzambiringa.

Mazambiringa tungira pamuShuramiti

Inogona kuonekwa anenge ose waini-kukura munharaunda. Vakadzi mumaziso yechando nechepasi flake, pamusoro embryo mashizha huru uye renal kutsiviwa. activation uye pakatanga Zvikwekwe zvokudya nguva nguva yechirimo muto aibuda, kana avhareji tembiricha kuti 7-8 inegumi. Pakuonekwa mazai kunoitika rokutanga hafu May.

shizha pamuShuramiti

Ichi yemazambiringa pamuShuramiti chinonyanya chinowanzoitwa kumaodzanyemba mudunhu viticulture. Vakadzi dzinorara kwenguva refu muna cortex uye makatsemuka pasi nokutumbuka pachikero. Kusashanda apo avhareji mhepo tembiricha kuti 7-8 madhigirii uye tama muduku mashizha. Munguva Mwaka wokukura anogona kuitika kubva 5 kusvika 11 namarudzi.