Victoria - chikuru nyanza mu Africa

Vazhinji vedu akumbirwa "Chii kupfuura gungwa mu Africa" ne mhinduro chivimbo, kuti Victoria. Seinokonzera rwaNire, ndicho chechipiri pakukura pazvitsuwa zviri munyika kukura ose Freshwater madhamu. Maererano pamutemo mashoko, akazarura wokuEngland J. Speke muna 1858. Ichi mumvura veko yainzi "mvura guru". Zvisinei, akawana kuti Victoria - zita Mambokadzi England.

Pakati masayendisiti akawanda kwenguva refu akanga nharo kuti sei zvinosanganisira reservoirs Victoria. Maererano vamwe, chiri mugungwa kure negungwa, asi vamwe vakati kuti dhamu guru. Somugumisiro nezvokuti dura izere mvura yakachena, ndakazviita zvose vaungana kuti yechipiri kuzvipedza.

nzvimbo

Kudeuka mudziva kondinendi (Africa) iri mu mwoyo payo. The zvachose nzvimbo dura kunopfuura zviuru 68 mativi makiromita. Nokuti chakarurama ichi, zviri kunyange kupfuura vamwe gungwa (eg Azov uye Aral). The mudziva iri panguva iri munharaunda kunyika nhatu: Kenya, Uganda uye Tanzania. Kwavari ndiwo muzinda zvokutengeserana, kufamba uye hove.

Avhareji kudzika kwegungwa rakanga 80 mamita. Nokuda nzvimbo panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro 1134 M pamusoro pegungwa, rinoreva muchikwata mukuru-makomo. The wegore avhareji mvura tembiricha iri madhigirii anenge 22.

hurukuro

Kudeuka dhamu iri Africa, ane mugari denderedzwa. miganhu yacho pakureba uye upamhi ukuwo, vanoumba 350h200 makiromita. Inenge kwose kwose kunze rwezasi-yokumadokero nharaunda, nenyika iri machakwi uye pasi. Pano pane akawandisa zvakasiyana capes, bays, coves uye kunyange peninsulas.

On nharaunda kwegungwa panewo vazhinji kuzvitsuwa inosiyana. Pakati guru zvavo Mansome, Ukereve, pakoma Ruvondo. Vanotsvakurudza Dam pamwe nevanochera matongo vakawana uchapupu kuti mamiriyoni akawanda apfuura, yaiva nzvimbo yakakura.

Climate

Nokuti nguva dzose kuvapo kwegungwa pamusoro wayo egungwa vakaumba rinokosha ezvinhu umo ezvinhu yakakwirira mwando pamwe kupisa netesa. Uyezve, nzvimbo inozivikanwa se mvura inonaya kuramba tichishanda uye yakareba kwemvura. Africa guru nyanza kunoratidzwa ndechokuti kupesana chakajeka panguva haisi pamusoro munharaunda yayo. Shanduko mwaka kunotemwa pedyo parameter akadai uwandu kunayisa. Kunyanya, chando zvinokuhwandira shoma nhamba, uye muzhizha - pamusoro zvinopesana.

Most mwedzi mvura vari April kuna May. Gungwa pamwero panguva ino inogona ngazviwedzerwe millimeters 600. Mhepo tembiricha iri zvinenge kumbobvira kutura pazasi pachiyero +25 inegumi. Pfungwa dzakadai chando uye chando, vanhu veko asingazikamwi.

Kudeuka dhamu iri Africa akamutsa tectonic uye kuputika urongwa dzakakwirira zvakakwana, saka pano vari zvose mhepo zviri yo yacho. Havakwanisi kudzivirira kunyange dzakatenuka pamwe pemipata. Zvino muviri mvura ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo ngozi munyika nokuda madutu, washington uye madutu. Nokuda huru vhoriyamu inopisa mumamirire ekunze, mvura runopwa (anenge 93 cubic makiromita pagore). Pasinei neizvi, kudzika nyanza zvikasaitika nokusingaperi. Masayendisiti vanoti izvi kujairika hunhu mvura izonaya.

Biota

Plant uye mhuka nyika munzvimbo dura akafanana kuti pamusoro kondinendi yose. Pamahombekombe pakati mbesa rakajairika mabhanana yemichindwe, nomudonzvo, netsanga nenhokwe. Vazhinji veko vanokura kofi uye sengere. Kudeuka nyanza muAfrica, ari dzinogarisana kuti makarwe mvuu. Mukuwedzera, muviri mvura akawana anopfuura zana mhando hove. Pakati pavo pane vaya vanogara chete pano.

Dzinenge mashoko akakodzera shiri kuti vagere mumhenderekedzo yegungwa mapazi. makwai avo vane mamiriyoni evanhu, saka nharaunda iri kazhinji kupendwa namavara ose muraraungu. Zvinonyanyozivikanwa ari Venetian Cranes, flamingoes uye zvakasiyana-siyana herons.

Dambudziko huru kwegungwa

Around pezana remakore rechimakumi maviri yomunharaunda mararamiro akazviwana vava kuda kuparadzwa zvachose. Kuwanda pangozi mhando nemhuka vakatanga kuwedzera. Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiyo chipembere, izvo massively akapwanyika vavhimi vawane nyanga hunokosha kushandiswa pharmacology. Mukuwedzera, mumakore mashomanana emakore dzimwe nguva kwakaderedza nhamba mbada, nzou, twiza, shumba uye mvuu.

Ndiro guta uye chiteshi chengarava pamahombekombe

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, chikuru gungwa muAfrica, iri munharaunda nyika nhatu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane ayo muganhu wayo yezvokutengeserana zviteshi uye maguta. Zvikurukuru chakadaro Mwanza Tanzania. Zviri kuburikidza ichi chengarava guta rehurumende anoita inokosha mari wezvokutengeserana. Pedyo ndiye mumwe kupfuura munharaunda yacho East African deposits pakati nengoda uye nendarama, aina iyo mugove National bhajeti weshumba.

Kurutivi rwokumusoro pamhenderekedzo ichaongororwa chikuru chengarava Entebbe (Uganda), kuita sezvo kutamira pfungwa. Chokwadi chokuti zvose zvakakumikidzwa pano pagungwa zvigadzirwa chitsotsi kunyika kubudikidza mugwagwa guru. Maererano Kenya, guru guta riri kwaro Lake Victoria ndiye Kissima. Anenge zvose zvigadzirwa kubva maindasitiri kumatunhu nyika vanounzwa nayo, uye ipapo mukavakumikidza yacho kuenda.