VL10, locomotive: mapikicha, tsananguro, chikwata

VL10 - Magetsi zvakananga anogadzirwa USSR, akaronga kuti zvose mitoro uye mutakurwi motokari. Zvakange akabudiswa panguva Tbilisi uye Novocherkassk Electric locomotive Plant kubva muna 1961 kusvika makore 1977. The zita "Kuchibhotla" yemagetsi locomotive ainzi pashure Vladimir Lenin, uye "10" Subscript rinoratidza zvayo mhando. Kubvira makore 70s wekupedzisira remakore rakava chikuru VL10 yemagetsi mitoro railroads USSR. Uyezve, akanga kupfuura mukurumbira muenzaniso mukirasi yacho, uye rava hwaro shanduro VL11 uye VL12 ramangwana. Munyaya ino, tichatarisa mudziyo VL10 yemagetsi locomotive uye nhoroondo yaro.

prehistory

Electric mhando VL8 pakutanga kwe ma1970 asisiri kusangana achiwedzera zvinodiwa kuchiteshi bhizimisi iri USSR. Vakanga vasina injini (zvachose 525 KW), zvakaoma chitubu kuturika, inorema marori uye zvakare ruzha kabhini.

February 9, 1960 akanga aifarirwa waishandiswa Specification kuti afunge itsva yemagetsi locomotive. Project vagadziri zvakagadzira chinokosha Bureau of Tbilisi yemagetsi locomotive chirimwa. Mukupera 1960, chirongwa pasi kuongorora IPU. Kugadzirwa rokutanga wokuenzanisira rakanga nenguva kuti rechi40 tichayeuka pokugadzwa mugovanisi hurumende iri Georgia. Ndiyo nguva yokuongorora mudziyo locomotive VL10.

zvokuimba chikamu

Electric aiva maviri-chidimbu muviri, mumwe chikamu icho kwaibva peya bogies dvuhvostnyh mana divi bhora majoini. Pamatanda muviri zvinoshanda wokushandura traction uye braking simba. Muchikamu nechimwe ose dzemagetsi michina uye dzemagetsi namano kunge yakaiswa. Kubva mberi muviri vakagamuchira SA3 coupler, uye vave nechekuita zvikamu pakati TE2 mhando coupling waiitwa kushandiswa.

Electric Dimensions:

1. Length - 32,04 m.
2. Kukwirira akabatana ari coupler musoro njanji - 1060 mm (ndinoiitawo kana kubvisa 20 neMM, zvichienderana mamiriro chehondo).
3. Wheel dhayamita - 1260 mm.
4. Minimum wekushanduka nharaunda ari kumhanya 10 km / h - 125 m.

Summary nenhamba flexure muchirimo kuturika iri 111 mm. 63 vavo kuwira pamusoro parutivi coils muchirimo rutsigiro, uye 48 - musi Coil chitubu zvitubu zvingoro. The kudhonza simba kubva ngoro muviri puranga riri wakapiwa kubudikidza pivot edunhu. Ekisero bhokisi marori vakapakata chinotenderera mabheyaringi. The traction kana braking simba iri vaipa kune bogie puranga Via leashes vakapakata rabha-metal zvinogumbura.

Nechinangwa chokururamisa nacho oscillations uye vibrations muviri pakati bogie pepuranga uye kukweshera chinotenderera ekisero-mabhokisi akawanikwa, uye pakati bogie pepuranga uye motokari muviri - hydraulic dampers. Structure VL10 yemagetsi kunorevawo protivorazgruzochnogo mudziyo kudzivirira okuyerera chiutsi kubva pakutanga vhiri torque yomuka.

simba chirimwa

Current kubva catenary rinoitwa kuburikidza susceptor 5M1 T riri panoperera nerimwe zvikamu zviviri. Inside chikamu iri muzvikamu zvitatu. Ndiwo musoro kabhini. Shure riri IHC (High kamera), iyo akakombwa akabviswa ndima pajira riya fenzi. Kana nokusimudza susceptor vari pneumatically mubishi namahwindo chinzvimbo. Injini kamuri iri yemagetsi muswe.

The VVK iri anongoda zvose nokuchinja uye anodzivirira namano Chikamu: akaputsa chinja, reverser, contactors (Linear, rheostat, uye mukuru-nokukurumidza shunt), relays nezvimwe locomotive wheelslip.

Rokutanga uye rechipiri zvikamu vane yakakwirira voltage musiyano pakati pamakamuri. Muchikamu chekutanga IHC ari mukuru-nokukurumidza chinja BV-1, iyo inodzivirira traction Motors, uyewo chinja, kusiyanisa Mhando zvakabatana zvikamu. Muchikamu chechipiri IHC BV-2 inochengetedza ebetsero michina uye chinja dzinosiyana kumhanya injini-feni. Uyezve, vakawanda pane zvimwe kusiyana muzvikamu. Somuenzaniso, redhiyo uye kurekodha skorostomer akaronga chete chete chikamu VL10.

Electric ari injini mukamuri matatu ebetsero michina. Chief pakati pavo - injini-feni. The chikwata ine mukuru-voltage commutator injini, munhu Centrifugal kurudza (IHC kure uye traction Motors) uye nomuteresi pamusoro jenareta (zvinowanisa zvakananga ano inosimbisa mano okuvimba uye panhongonya yemagetsi vematunhu 10). Engines feni injini ari pasi nokukurumidza muoti chokuita mune series, uye ari kumhanya muoti - mu zvakafanana.

Kuti vave nechokwadi mumuchina vakapakata compressed mhepo motor-compressor. It rine injini akafanana motor-dzinoshandisa injini uye-humburumbira matatu compressor CT-6. Compressed mhepo inodiwa kuti: a akaputsa gadziriro yacho locomotive uye chitima yose, pnevmokontaktorov, muprista voltage akanamatirana yomukati wiper uye emitting ruzha anonongedzera. Compressor yemagetsi panhongonya mutsetse 10 zvakabatana injini zvakananga pasina yokuderedza. Naizvozvo, injini haigoni ventilated tisingatungamirirwi. Nokuti kutonhora mhepo kusvitsa kubva dzinoshandisa-motokari.

Power excitation windings kuti traction Motors iri rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe braking kunoitika kuburikidza inverter anoumbwa mukuru-voltage jenareta pamusoro injini uye nomuteresi. jenareta kunonyanyisa Kuyerera 800 amperes. On the exciter mugodhi anoda kumukira ataure iyo Minamato haipindurwe kure injini kana kuwedzera chaizvo. jenareta excitation rinobva bhatiri kuburikidza resistor. The kwebasa akaputsa controller mubato mutyairi anogona kuderedza kurwisa yacho resistor. The voltage kunotangira ari convert kuwedzera, uyewo traction injini voltage, uye braking simba.

Kubvumirwa kushandisa yemagetsi locomotive panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro 1200 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Kuti aite rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe braking zvinogoneka yose mitatu yeimwe. Basa iri akatorwa system (kwegadziriro dzakawanda dzakabatana telemechanical) dzawanika chete muna 1983, apo yemagetsi locomotive mazuvaano.

Traction Motors (NATED) Model TL-2 ane axial kutsigira-kumbomira simba 650 KW aiva mumwe. VL10 electric motor kuitwa ne 6-Musimboti uye 6-ndipo mamwe matanda. Kwakadaro zvinhu simba chirimwa, sezvo injini puranga, aitaridzika nhoo, ari armature rwiriko, mumwe bhurasho chikwata nechiduku giya, vakanga yakabatanidzwa pamwe NATED yemagetsi VL60.

Power hushande zvakafanana chivako kuti yemagetsi redunhu VL8, anobvumira nzira nhatu unobva traction Motors:

1. Kuwirirana.
2. Series-dzakafanana.
3. Parallel.

VL10U

Kubvira 1976, panzvimbo VL10 muenzaniso yakatanga kubereka ayo weighted shanduro, zita inowedzerwa indekisi "U". By kugadzwa underfloor nhumbi mutoro kubva vhiri maviri pamusoro njanji yawedzera kubva 23 kusvika 25 tani. Saka, yemagetsi vhiri akawana mamwe traction pamwe njanji, vachibvumira kutakura mutoro zvinorema. Maererano zvokuimba chikamu yemagetsi locomotive, uyewo yaro inokosha shanduro, yakanga yakabatanidzwa pamwe zvivezwa VL80 mhuri. Kana mutumbi, motokari-divi, uyewo dzinokosha uye pneumatic midziyo, vakanga yakabatanidzwa pamwe chawo musiyano wezvinyorwa VL10. Electric VL10U kure rwokuyera uwandu maBhaibheri 979. The locomotive yakazokudziridzwa neDare Tbilisi asi vaberekawo panguva zvivako zviri Novocherkassk chirimwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti muenzaniso uyu achiri vamire lineup TEVZ uye akaita kuti arayire. Okupedzisira maviri locomotives VL10U yakapiwa muna 2005 kubudikidza nechikumbiro pechiteshi kuAzerbaijan.

VL10N

The womuenzaniso iri mashandiro pasina yemagetsi rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe braking, iyo yakavakwa zvakananga Norilsk maindasitiri njanji, sezvinoratidzwa indekisi "N" muzita. Yakabudiswa Tbilisi chirimwa munguva kubvira 1984 kusvika 1985. Panguva ino, zvakanga vakaburuka conveyor 10 locomotives. To musi havana kare zvakanyorwa kure.

VL10P

Muna 2001, ivo kuChelyabinsk chirimwa yakabereka yemagetsi locomotive mazuvaano kuti chikamu chimwe wemagetsi VL10-523 uye VL10-1867, exchange muvira chete-chikamu dvuhkabinnye VL10P locomotives kuti kukweva mutakurwi nezvitima. Panyaya iyi, muenzaniso VL10P-523-1 chichiri kabhini zvitsigiro locomotive VL10 yepakutanga. A VL10P-Model 1867-1 anogamuchira yoku- mberi rinoshandiswa mushanduro VL10K. Mumwe mienzaniso yakanga decommissioned muna 2012, uye wechipiri - papera gore.

VL10K

Muna 2010, kuChelyabinsk yemagetsi locomotive chirimwa inopedzwa upgrading VL10 locomotives. Changes hanya kabhini uye simba redunhu. Controller mutyairi akaita atsiviwa electronic traction kudzora mamiriro abuda achishandisa telecontrol gadziriro vezvikwata zhinji. Uye kutsiva boka haizoshandisi kuuya nomumwe contactors. Contactors akashanda panheyo vharuvhu maererano yezwi kubatana kwakaita traction Motors VL10. Electric nomukana kushanda muna 2, 3 uye 4 Zvikamu, ane anonzwisisa shanduko kubatana kwakaita traction Motors. Panyaya zvemaziso zvikamu, rutsigiro nemotokari uye traction michini, havana kushanduka.

Dana-emagetsi locomotive VL10 motrisa

Mukutanga 2010s chete kuChelyabinsk Plant akapedza upgrading chimwe chikamu VL10-777 locomotive uye akamuita elektromotrisu. injini mukamuri midziyo namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye yabva kuti kwakavakirwa kuzodzosera kushongedzera mufambi mupanda. The divi madziro locomotive akaisa mahwindo yakafara uye musuo mberi akakurudzirwa necheshure locomotive. Inside chikamu pakati itsva sirin'i rambi okuvhenekesa iri, uye pamusoro mumwe rutivi mukana akamisa tafura chair. chikamu wechipiri locomotive vakaramba ayo locomotive mabasa. Muenzaniso akashandiswa chokufambisa of South Urals Railway Guide. Akakwanisa kushanda zvose pasina uye turera motokari. Muna 2013, musi chikamu mufambi ari kurudyi panguva kuvesa ari kufamba, zvokuti zvakanyorwa.

4E10

Naizvozvo ndakashevedza combi-chikamu dvuhkabinny locomotive kuti Tbilisi fekitari yakagadzirwa zvikamu motokari-VL10 muenzaniso vokuGeorgia Railway. In yose, pakati pa2000 2008, 15 locomotives izvi dzakavakwa. Izvi, 14 mhando zvakashanda kuGeorgia, mumwe akanga arayira achishandisa vokuRussia. Pasinei nokuti mugadziri ari Positioning ari mitoro yemagetsi locomotive 4E10, kuGeorgia izvozvo rinowanzoshandiswa paakadzinga mufambi nezvitima. Chokwadi kuti kushandiswa locomotives yakadaro inosunungura rinorema locomotives kutakura mitoro nezvitima.

kunyoresa

To musi, VL10 - huru yemagetsi DC rakashandiswa nhumbi chokufambisa ari Kishi munyika. Kufanana nevamwe vakawanda mitoro locomotives, rinoshandiswawo kutinhisa mufambi nezvitima. Anenge mhando dzose VL10 yemagetsi locomotive kupendwa rwegirini. Zvisinei, mufambi shanduro dzimwe nguva repainted ari rwaikosheswa vakapiswa nezvitima. Photo yemagetsi VL10 zvirokwazvo yaizivikanwa vazhinji, nekuti zvakajairika chaizvo mudzimba njanji. Nenzira, imwe nguva chikamu VL10 akatoedza kushandisa chikamu yemagetsi Republic motokari.

mutsivi

Sezvo 1975 kwave kugadziridzwa kusunungurwa locomotive VL11, iyo yakavakwa pamusoro nechigadziko womuenzaniso VL10 uye akagamuchira wandei akavandudzika zvinhu. Chikonzero chikuru yokugadzira muenzaniso itsva haisi mhosva kwakaita sesimbi locomotive VL10 wayo obsolescence uye banal kushaya simba. Pakutanga, vagadziri vaida kungoita chinja maviri akaumbwa locomotive kubasa muzvikamu zvitatu. Vakabva vakaedza kushongedzera inokosha shanduro VL10 powerplant itsva. Zvisinei, vose zvokusarudza vaiva maturo, uye Tbilisi yemagetsi chirimwa akaisa kuumba idzva locomotive VL11, izvo zvinogona kushanda mune hurongwa vezvikwata zhinji. Kubva 1975 kusvika 2015, 1346 locomotives dzino dzakavakwa. Vachiri anogona kuwanika siyana njanji mitsetse mune yaimbova Kishi. Vamwe vavozve kushanda VL11 dzemagetsi locomotives pamwe mutakurwi nezvitima.

mhedziso

Zvatakurukura kurondedzerwa wemagetsi locomotive VL10, tinogona kugumisa kuti akanga zvirokwazvo inobudirira chirongwa yeSoviet yemagetsi locomotive. Izvi kunosimbiswa ndechokuti nhasi muenzaniso unowanika dzeko njanji. Kwemakore anopfuura mashanu kushanda uye dzigadziridzwe dzemagetsi locomotives VL10 vakanga dzakabudirira kuitira zvakanaka, kuti hapana kukurumidza kunyora kubvisa chengetedza.