White Crane (Sterkh): tsananguro, apo upenyu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

ichiyevedza uye vakuru shiri iyi chando-chena ndiyo chindori vazhinji hunhu hwemunhu. Zvisinei, vanhu vari kwayo chairo rawakajaira rave kuramba kuderera. White Crane (Sterkh) matendere chete shoma nzvimbo hwokumusoro mundima Russia.

Sterh: kunze zvinhu

Siberian Crane ndowenyika genus Cranes, Cranes mhuri. shiri Large - kukura kwayo zvichisiyana zana namakumi mana zana namakumi matanhatu masendimita, anoyera makirogiramu masere. Rova zvakasimba Crane mapapiro zvichisiyana mazana maviri negumi mazana maviri namakumi matatu masendimita, zvichienderana yevagari.

Chete munguva yechando yokutama-refu daro Flights anoita chena kondo. Sterh mu Russian dendere uye erudzi. shiri idzi dziri kunyatsoongororwa zvazvaiita ornithologists.

ruvara

White Crane (sterkh) ane maitiro chepfungwa, kwamakadarika zvakaoma kuvhiringidza nevamwe shiri - red refu muromo rine unopinza Burr mativi. Around maziso uye muromo minhenga ikoko, uye ganda iri nechepadivi mu vapfumi yakatsvuka uye kunoonekwa kure.

Minhenga muviri papi mumitsara miviri - chena, iri romukati kurutivi wamapapiro pamicheto yehombodo misara miviri - vatema. Makumbo vari refu, pinkish Hue. Ndivo vabatsiri makuru Crane wetlands: anobvumira kuenda mune imwe viscous okusava pamusoro anorovera.

Pakutanga nhiyo zvitema maziso, ipapo vanova tsvuku. White Crane (Sterkh) akararama makore anenge makumi manomwe, haana kutanga subspecies.

dzinogarisana

Nhasi, kune vanhu vaviri Cranes kwakadai. Mumwe anogara Arkhangelsk mudunhu, uye wechipiri - iri Yamalo-Nenets zvionera District. Uyu dzakangwarira chaizvo shiri - chena Crane. White Crane, tsanangudzo pfupi pamusoro unopirwa munyaya, anoita zvose zvaanogona kuti kudzivisa nazvo nevanhu, uye hazvina maturo; nekuti kunze kwemutemo munzvimbo dzakawanda vanonzwa pasina kubatwa.

Kana shiri akaona murume - iye anosiya dendere. Siberian Crane haagoni chete kukandira batira, asi kare vakarangana manyana. Saka, regai kunokanganisa shiri panguva iyi. White Crane (Sterkh), izvo matendere chete kuRussia, chando kuAzerbaijan uye India, Afghanistan uye Mongolia, China uye Pakistan. Mukutanga March, kuti Cranes kudzoka kunyika yokumusha kwavo.

In Yakutia Siberian Crane anotumirwa mumaruwa achinaya mvura uye anosarudza kuisa anezvimiti uye masango kwegore risingapindiki. Pano iye anorarama chando yokutama.

chikafu

zvakasikwa zhinji kuziva mubvunzo: "chii kudya chena Crane (Sterkh)?" The zvokudya shiri ino yakaisvonaka anopinda uye miriwo uye mhuka zvokudya. Pamwe hwemvura zvinomera: tuber, donje uswa, petsanga uye cranberries, izvo chaizvo kwazvo Siberian Cranes - havana kudya zvipembenene makuru, mazai nezvimwe shiri, nemakonzo, mutorwa kako, invertebrates uye hove. In yechando, panguva vaitamira, Siberian Cranes hakugumiri chirimwa zvokudya. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti shiri idzi kumbobvira kukuvadza munda.

kubereka

White Cranes - a nomudzimai mumwe shiri. Vapor vari akaumba apo Cranes achava makore matanhatu. Pakati kana kuguma May akaumba peya shiri kusarudza nesting nzvimbo yeramangwana. Kufanana nevamwe mhando Cranes, avo kudzokerana vaviri manotsi guru kuimba. Kuchema shiri idzi maitiro - munhu kwenguva refu, yakakwirira uye yakajeka. It ine Siberian Cranes nevamwe mhuka.

Siberian Cranes dendere yakavakirwa pamusoro mvura rakashama. Vari zvakaoma ndokurongedza chikuva kuti petsanga madzinde. Fanira chinodiwa pakusarudza nzvimbo nesting - Kuwanikwa mvura yakachena, mvura dura zvinofanira kupfuura kudzika 40 masendimita.

Zvinofadza kuona kuberekesana kutamba vakaroorana. Pakutanga, yeshiri kukanda musana musoro wake uye emit melodic, kunzwisisa uye achingoverengera ruzha. Zvatinosungirwa "muchato" wavo rwiyo, mukono mapapiro ayo kwazvo, apo musikana wake unozvichengeta akapeta. Panguva iyi, Cranes chena kutanga kwavo kutamba, chine uta, bouncing, nokukanda kumusoro manyoro uye pats mapapiro.

Kuvakwa dendere, vabereki vose vari kuroorana. Kazhinji, hadzi mazai maviri pfumbu navaduku makwapa matema. In chakaoma gore kunogona chete. Zvizvarwa munhukadzi incubates uye mazuva makumi maviri namapfumbamwe. Panguva iyi varume vigilantly anochengeta dendere.

Vakarangana mwana anotanga kwehondo pamukwidza kupona. Somugumisiro, pane chimwe chikuru uye simba kupfuura chicks. Mushure memazuva makumi mashanu akazviratidza mashava uye tsvuku minhenga. The chando-chena nerunako vakatendeuka chete pamakore matatu.

The Red Book kweRussia: chena Crane (Sterkh)

Sterkh - kupfuura shiri mhuri yake. Zviri kunyanya nzira mvura youpenyu, zvichiita kuti zviome kushanda kuponesa marudzi ichi kubva kutsakatika. Zvino uwandu Yakut chavagari asingadi kupfuudza zviuru zvitatu. For West Siberian Siberian Cranes - mamiriro acho ezvinhu akaoma; vakanga vasina kupfuura vanhu makumi maviri.

Serious nyaya kudzivirira Cranes chena vaiita 1970. nemaruva akawanda dzakatangwa kuchengeterwa mari, apo ornithologists vanokura shiri idzi kubva mazai. Naivowo kudzidzisa kako refu daro ndege. Kunyange zvakadaro, kutyisidzira kuti vachanyangarika zvachose chena Crane (Sterkh). Red Book (International) Uyewo kupedzisa mazita avo zvipenyu izvi panjodzi. Kuvhima shiri idzi hakubvumidzwi chose.

Tariro kumutsidzirwa

Sezvo makore nineties wekupedzisira remakore, vanopfuura zana chena Cranes dzabudapo nemaruva akasunungurwa wepo zvakatipoteredza. Zvinosuruvarisa kwakadaro havaratidzi acclimatized kako (kunonyanyisa 20%). Chikonzero yakadaro yakakwirira mwero wokufa kwevanhu ndiko kushaya wekushandisa nhungamiro, uyewo ndege kudzidzisa, unopirwa kuti vabereki vari dzomusango.

dambudziko iri vakaedza kururamisa masayendisiti American. Vakamisa kumwe kuedza, musimboti rakanga aite kako asashandisa moto yokuturika-gliders. MuRussia, isu zvakagadzira purogiramu yakafanana, rinonzi "Flight Netariro".

Rakavakwa trikes shanu muna 2006, uye nokubatsirwa wavo muduku Siberian Cranes vakatorwa mazhinji nzira kubva Yamal kuna Uzbekistan, kwaigara ndachena Cranes, Siberian Cranes, uye pamwechete navo vakaenda yechando. Muna 2012, President Vladimir Putin akatora rutivi chirongwa chakadai. Asi vamwe chikonzero, nguva ino pfumbu Cranes kugamuchira kuSiberia Crane uye ornithologists vaifanira kuunza kako nomwe kuchengetera Belozersky muna Tyumen.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

• In India Crane akadana shiri-seruva. Indira Gandhi chirevo (1981), umo panzvimbo chando Cranes chena akasikwa paki "Keoladeo", iro akaona zvachose hurumende uye akasika mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kuchengetedza shiri idzi zvikuru.
• White Crane (Sterkh) kukurira wakarebesa nzira tichienzanisa nedzimwe mhando Cranes: vanopfuura zviuru zvishanu nehafu makiromita. Kaviri pagore, Cranes ngadzibhururuke pamusoro penyika mapfumbamwe.
• In Dagestan, ane ndima iri vayambuka Siberian Cranes panguva vaitamira, pane yezvechitendero yakaisvonaka Siberian Cranes ndivo mweya nemasoja vafa. The ngano raiva hwaro yakakurumbira rwiyo, zvakanyorwa shoko Rasul Gamzatov.
• Muna kuberekesana mwaka Cranes chena hope hapana anopfuura maviri maawa pazuva.
• Nokuti vanhu Khanty Mansi uye Crane chena iri shiri chitsvene, madzinza totem zvinokosha hunhu tsika dzose.
• Khanty haana dzingaidza Crane: pane dzisina kunorambidzwa pamusoro kushanyira nzvimbo apo chena Cranes dendere muchirimo uye chirimo.
• Inonyatsobudirira nzira ruminant shiri idzi, ornithologists funga nzira "vabereki vokurera" uye kurera ari chengetedza. Muchiitiko chokutanga, zai Cranes chena anogona usimwe dendere vachena Cranes. In rechipiri - manyana kurai kuchengeterwa, ari oga kubva nevanhu. Ipapo ravanosunungurwa kuti vakuru Cranes imwe mhuka.

Bird nharirire kuramba kuva mabasa zvainanga ndichengetedze shiri iyi zvikuru. Tinovimba kuti chena Crane (Sterkh), kuti Kuziviswa zvatakandorwira munyaya iyi achaponeswa uye shiri huru refu kufadza isu avo maonero.