William Mukundi 1: Biography, mapikicha, panguva yaitonga

William Mukundi - Duke pamusoro Normandy, mambo England (kubvira 1066), iro murongi mukuru Norman kukunda England, mumwe pakukura Europe XI remakore enyika.

Ake nechisimba England akanga nemigumisiro yakakura nokuda nyika.

udiki

Kungofanana munhau kuMiddle Ages, William 1 anozivikanwa dzichitangira akanyorwa, zvakawanda zviri havaratidzi vakachengetedzwa. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, vanyori venhau dzichiri kuvabvunzeiko kana Duke pamusoro Normandy akaberekwa. Kazhinji Vatsvakurudzi vanotaura 1027 kana 1028.

1 William akaberekerwa Falaise. Rakanga mumwe dzokugara yababa vake, Robert Dhiyabhorosi - the Duke pakati Normandy. Ndaiva chete mwanakomana mutongi, akanga nhaka chigaro pashure pokufa kwake. Zvisinei, dambudziko racho ndechokuti William akaberekwa kunze kwomuitirowo kuroorana, uye nokudaro vaitirei woupombwe. tsika The Christian hakuiti kuziva vana ava sezvo pamutemo.

Zvisinei, Norman kuziva akasiyana zvikuru nevavakidzani vavo. In ayo pamisara akanga akasimba inertia kwetsika uye netsika dzechihedheni nguva. Kubva nemaonero ichi, achangoberekwa vangangodaro nhaka simba.

rufu baba vake

Muna 1034 baba William akaenda parwendo outorwa kuna Holy Land. Mumakore iwayo, rwendo urwu akanga hwakazara nengozi dzakawanda. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, akaita kuda kwake, umo iye akataura kuti mwanakomana wake chete aizova mugari wenhaka musoro iri chiitiko rufu rwake. The Duke sokuti dambudziko rake. Pashure achishanyira Jerusarema, akaenda kumba uye akafa munzira kuenda reNicaea kwegore.

Saka Wilhelm 1 waiva Duke pamusoro Normandy achiri kwazvo vaduku. Zvisinei, zita rake "kutanga" kunoenderana wayo youmambo rokuti muEngland. In Normandy, aiva wechipiri. nhengo dzakawanda vakakwirira vaisagutsikana kusiri kwakabva mutongi mutsva. Kunyange zvakadaro, mashoko feudal madzishe nhamba vavengi vakanga vasingagoni kupa vakadzikama kumwe nhamba. Dzimwe nhengo imba youmambo kana vakava vapristi kana vaiva nevana.

Neutera nezviremera iri duchy akatendeuka kuti Normandy aigona kuva nyore vanonangwa vavakidzani utsinye. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kuitika. Pane zvakawanda calculators nemachinda aitonga munzvimbo iyi France, vakanga inogarwa internecine hondo.

Kumukira Norman wamadzishe

In mubati Normandy aiva akakodzera overlord - mambo France, Henry I. Maererano netsika, ndiye aiva kutsaurira mukomana knight, kana hake asvika makore ruzhinji. Uye zvakaitika. Yakatarwa mhemberero kwakaitika muna 1042. Pashure paizvozvo, William 1 ane kodzero kudzora duchy ake.

Gore negore zviri kuramba vachipindira muzvinhu kwokubatsira ehurumende. Izvi zvakagumbura feudal nemadzishe mazhinji. Nokuda kunetsana kwakatanga William aifanira kutiza Normandy kuna Mambo France. Henry I kugona kubatsira muranda wake. Akarwa hondo, raakanga rinotungamirirwa Wilhelm.

The French akasangana mupanduki NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi muna Dune Valley. Pano muna 1047 aiva muhondo kusarudza zvokuita. The muduku Duke akazviratidza vakashinga murwi, aremekedzwe vamwe. Muhondo kudivi kwakaita mumwe feudal madzishe, kuti pakupedzisira kuvhiringa hurongwa vavengi. Pashure muhondo iyi, William akakwanisa kusimbazve yake duchy.

Hondo nokuti County pamusoro Maine

Kuva mutongi sepasi Normandy, ari Duke mutsva akatanga kuitisa chinoshingaira wokumwe negwaro. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pamutemo kuti France akaramba kutonga mambo, ake vatongi vari pasi, vakanakidzwa rusununguko rukuru, asi mune imwe pfungwa, vose vaiva yakazvimirira.

Mumwe mukuru vakwikwidzi Wilhelm akanga Count Anzhu Zhoffrua. Muna 1051, akapinda Maine duku County pedyo Normandy. Wilhelm aiva mudunhu pachavo vatongi vari pasi pavo, nokuti izvo kundorwa nomuvakidzani. Kuverenga Anjou mukupindura wechi kutsigira Mambo France. Henry zvakakonzera Normandy uye mamwe madzishe - vatongi Aquitania uye Burgundy.

Kutanga ane refu hondo, vakange vauya kunosiyana madhigirii kubudirira. Mune rimwe hondo William Ugare Count Ponte GI I. akasunungurwa makore maviri gare gare, kuva muranda pamusoro Duke.

French King Henry I akafa muna 1060, uye pashure pacho zvapfuura uye Count pamusoro Anjou. Mushure semafiro kwavavengi vake, Wilhelm akasarudza kuita rugare Paris. Akapa mhiko kuna mambo mutsva - muduku Philip I. kukakavara pakati venhaka muna Anjou Geoffroy akabvumira William pakupedzisira kukurira Maine pedyo.

Anoedzesera kune Chirungu chigaro

Muna 1066, Mambo Eduard Ispovednik akafa muEngland. Akanga asina venhaka, iyo yakawedzera nyaya chamazuva nesimba. The King akanga ukama William - vakanga vakabatana. Sekuru Richard Ii nashe pane imwe nguva akabatsira mupoteri Eduardo kupotera panguva imwe hondo yevagari. Mukuwedzera, mambo haana kufanana denderedzwa yake magnates uye vavariro vakawanda Air madzimambo, avo vaivawo nekodzero yokutonga.

Nokuda kwaizvozvi, Edward anotungamirirwa shamwari wokumaodzanyemba kwayo. Sam William Mukundi 1 nechikepe England kwaakanga achishanyira shamwari yake. Trust ukama zvakakonzera ndechokuti aiva asati afa akatumwa Duke pamusoro Harold Godwinson (ake muranda) kupa kwaari Chirungu choumambo pashure pokufa kwake. Vari munzira, mutumwa akanga mudambudziko. Count Guy I Ponthieu vakamutora musungwa. William Harold akabatsira kupukunyuka rusununguko.

Pashure basa iri kune feudal tenzi akapika mhiko kuna yemberi mambo England. Zvisinei, pashure pemakore mashomanana nayo hwachinja. Apo Edward akafa,-Saxon King Harold vakazivisa kuziva. nhau iyi yakanga unpleasantly kushamisika Wilhelm. Kushandisa kodzero yavo zviri pamutemo, akaunganidza hondo akatendeka uye vakaenda kuchamhembe chitsuwa ngarava.

Organization kurwisa England

Kubva pakutanga yavairwisana British Wilhelm 1 (vane Biography izere zvakanaka-dzaona zviito) akaedza kunyengetedza nyika dzakapoteredza European zvakarurama. Nokuti ichi, akapa paupamhi mbirikira mhiko kuti akapa Harold. On nhau iye akaita kunyange Pope, vaitsigira Duke pamusoro Normandy.

Wilhelm, kuchengetedza mukurumbira wayo, vakabatsira kuti mauto ake akadurura zvose zvitsva Knights akasununguka, vakanga vachida kumubatsira mukurwa nokuti chigaro atora. Izvi "renyika dzakawanda" rutsigiro zvakakonzera chokwadi chokuti Normans kwaingova wechitatu wehondo. All pasi pomureza waWilliam akatendeuka varwi zvakanaka-zvombo vanenge 7000. Pakati pavo paiva inifanduri uye vamabhiza. Vose vagere mungarava uye panguva imwecheteyo yakawira pamusoro British pamhenderekedzo.

Hapana kunzi achirwara-pamuviri rutsigiro, izvo chaiitirwa Wilhelm 1. Brief Biography mutongi Ages rinoumbwa zvachose zvehondo uye hondo, saka hazvishamisi kuti akakwanisa zvinobudirira kushandisa kwavo takambosangana mu atongwe huru.

Hondo Harold

Panguva ino, Harold akanga takabatikana kuchamhembe England akaedza kurwisa nechisimba Norwegian VaViking. Pauchadzidza kumhara pamusoro Normans, Harold vakamhanyira kumaodzanyemba. Chokwadi kuti mauto ake akanga kurwisa pamusoro fronts maviri, akati chinhu chinosiririsa nzira yokupedzisira-Saxon mambo.

October 14, 1066 akasangana muvengi mauto ari Hastings. Muhondo inotevera rwakatora maawa anopfuura gumi, izvo zvakanga incredible kuti nguva. Maererano netsika, hondo yakatanga yakazara hondo Knights maviri vakasarudzwa. The duel yakaguma akakundwa Norman, vakanga akagura musoro muvengi wake.

Kwakazotevera kwezana kwavapfuri vouta. Akapfura Anglo-Saxons, uyo pakarepo vakazviwana achirwiswa aifamba nemabhiza uye vaifamba. Uto Harold yakanga vakakundwa. Mambo pachake akaurayiwa muhondo.

Kukombwa London, uye kugadzwa

Mushure yakadaro yakunda muvengi, England zvose zvakanga kuzvidzivirira pamusoro William. Akaenda kuna London. Local kwamachinda kupatsanuka kuita mapoka maviri dzisakarurama. A chikamu duku aida kuramba kuramba vatorwa. Zvisinei, rimwe zuva mumusasa akauya Wilhelm NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi itsva uye earls newakandipikira inobvuma gavhuna mutsva. Pakupedzisira, December 25, 1066 pamberi pake akazarura masuo eguta.

Zvadaro muna Westminster Abbey, kuti kugadzwa waWilliam. Pasinei chokwadi kuti chiremera chepamutemo vari mudunhu akanga achiri kusawirirana yeko Anglo-Saxons. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, idzva Korol Vilgelm 1 akatora rokuvaka vakawanda nhare nhare, vangadai nhare vakavimbika mauto ake munyika dzakasiyana-siyana munyika.

Chinorwisa kuramba Anglo-Saxons

Makore mashoma wokutanga Normans vaifanira kuratidza kodzero dzavo kuti zvibate ushe ndakafanana simba. Inopandukira akasiya kuchamhembe England, apo yakanga zvakasimba kuchinjwa yekare. 1 Korol Vilgelm Mukundi akatuma nguva kuhondo uye iye akaramba akatungamirira kuri rwendo. mamiriro ezvinhu ake akanga kuoma ndechokuti vapanduki rinotsigirwa vokuDenmark, uyo nechikepe pamusoro ngarava huru. Paiva hondo akawanda anokosha muvengi, umo vakundi akanga nguva dzose Normans.

Muna 1070 vakuru vokuDenmark vakadzingwa England, uye vokupedzisira vapanduki pakati yakare kwamachinda pasi pamambo mutsva. Mumwe vatungamiriri pemitongo Edgar Eteling akatizira yakavakidzana Scotland. mutongi wayo Malcolm III maigara anotiza.

Nokuda kwaizvozvi, rakatevera danidziro, musoro yaakanga akamira William Mukundi 1 rakarongwa. Biography King kukasawedzerwa mumwe kubudirira. Malcolm akabvuma kumuziva sezvo mubati England, uye akavimbisa kuti varege kutora vavengi vake pakati Anglo-Saxons. Sezvo hwokuti zvavanoita wokuScotland mambo akatuma mwanakomana wake kuti ave mubatwa David Wilhelm (ichi chaiva mureza kupira nokuda nguva).

zvimwe bhodhi

Pashure pehondo, mambo England aifanira kudzivirira nyika yemadzitateguru avo Normandy. Akamukira pachake mwanakomana wake Robert, zvikasamufadza kuti baba vake havana kumupa simba chairo. Iye wechi rutsigiro Mambo Philip weFrance akakura. Makore mashoma akaenda neimwe hondo, umo Kumukundi aimbova zvakare Wilhelm.

daka Izvi kutsauswa kubva dzomunyika mabasa Chirungu. Zvisinei, makore mashomanana akadzokera kuLondon uye akatanga kwavari zvakananga. budiriro Ainyanya anonzi ari Domesday Book. Paitonga Wilhelm 1 (1066-1087) waiitwa vakawanda Verenga munyika Holdings muumambo. Zvabuda vakanga mumashoko akakurumbira bhuku.

Rufu uye nezvizvarwa

Muna 1087 Mambo bhiza yakatowedzera pamusoro mazimbe, uye akapidigura nayo. Kana umambo akakuvara zvakakomba. Part of Chigaro wakabaya dumbu rake. Wilhelm akafa mishomanana. Akafa musi waSeptember 9, 1087. mwanakomana wake wechipiri William ikazopiwa ari Chirungu umambo, uye vakuru, Robert - Norman duchy.

Kukunda England yakachinja munhoroondo yacho. Nhasi, munyika yose bhuku renhoroondo Britain pane mufananidzo William 1. chigaro chake vakatonga nyika kusvikira 1154.